scholarly journals A Novel Biomarker of Coronary Atherosclerosis: Serum DKK1 Concentration Correlates with Coronary Artery Calcification and Atherosclerotic Plaques

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwang-Il Kim ◽  
Kyoung Un Park ◽  
Eun Ju Chun ◽  
Sang Il Choi ◽  
Young-Seok Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcification ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques

scholarly journals Exercise and Coronary Atherosclerosis

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (16) ◽  
pp. 1338-1350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent L. Aengevaeren ◽  
Arend Mosterd ◽  
Sanjay Sharma ◽  
Niek H.J. Prakken ◽  
Stefan Möhlenkamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcification ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Physical Activity And Exercise

Physical activity and exercise training are effective strategies for reducing the risk of cardiovascular events, but multiple studies have reported an increased prevalence of coronary atherosclerosis, usually measured as coronary artery calcification, among athletes who are middle-aged and older. Our review of the medical literature demonstrates that the prevalence of coronary artery calcification and atherosclerotic plaques, which are strong predictors for future cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, was higher in athletes compared with controls, and was higher in the most active athletes compared with less active athletes. However, analysis of plaque morphology revealed fewer mixed plaques and more often only calcified plaques among athletes, suggesting a more benign composition of atherosclerotic plaques. This review describes the effects of physical activity and exercise training on coronary atherosclerosis in athletes who are middle-aged and older and aims to contribute to the understanding of the potential adverse effects of the highest doses of exercise training on the coronary arteries. For this purpose, we will review the association between exercise and coronary atherosclerosis measured using computed tomography, discuss the potential underlying mechanisms for exercise-induced coronary atherosclerosis, determine the clinical relevance of coronary atherosclerosis in middle-aged athletes and describe strategies for the clinical management of athletes with coronary atherosclerosis to guide physicians in clinical decision making and treatment of athletes with elevated coronary artery calcification scores.

Sport specific incidence and progression of coronary artery calcification among amateur athletes: a follow-up of the Measuring Athletes Risk of Cardiovascular events (MARC) study

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
V Aengevaeren ◽  
A Mosterd ◽  
T.L Braber ◽  
H.M Nathoe ◽  
T.M.H Eijsvogels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcification ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Amateur Athletes ◽  
Entire Cohort

Abstract Background Emerging evidence indicates increased coronary atherosclerosis in amateur athletes. However, previous studies were limited by its cross-sectional design and limited sample size, preventing the exploration of sport specific associations with coronary atherosclerosis. Purpose We aimed to compare the incidence and progression of coronary artery calcification (CAC) between runners, cyclists and other types of athletes using a prospective cohort study with repetitive measurements. Methods Asymptomatic middle-aged men, who previously underwent a sports medical evaluation without abnormalities, were recruited in the Measuring Athlete's Risk of Cardiovascular events (MARC) study (n=318) and were asked to participate in this follow-up study. CT imaging was performed to assess CAC scores. Data was collected between 2012–2014 (i.e. baseline) and 2019–2020 (i.e. follow-up). We categorized participants as runners, cyclists or “other” sports (e.g. water polo, tennis, hockey, etc.) based on their dominant sport performance at baseline. Results We included 260 men in this interim analysis, with an average follow-up time of 6.3±0.5 years. Age (61.4±6.4 years), systolic blood pressure (143±20 mmHg), BMI (25.2±2.8 kg/m2), LDL-cholesterol (3.2±0.9 mmol/L), smoking (0.3 [0–8] pack years) and family history of coronary heart disease (28%) did not differ between runners (n=64), cyclists (n=75) and other athletes (n=121, all p>0.05). CAC was present in 137 (53%) men at baseline, which increased to 181 (70%) at follow-up. CAC scores increased from 1 [0–33] to 33 [0–129]. Cyclists had a lower CAC prevalence and CAC scores compared to individuals performing other sports at follow-up (Figure 1). Of those without CAC at baseline (n=123, 47%), cyclists less often developed CAC during follow-up compared with runners (adjusted OR=0.36 [0.17–0.79], p=0.01). In the entire cohort, CAC progression (ln delta CAC+1) was less prominent in cyclists than runners (adjusted B=−0.75 [−1.39 to −0.11], p=0.02), whereas progression of CAC in participants performing other sports did not differ from the runners. In participants with CAC at baseline, cyclists also had less CAC progression than runners (B=−0.49 [−0.95 to −0.02], p=0.04). Conclusion Cyclists have a lower incidence and less progression of CAC during 6 years of follow-up compared with runners and individuals performing other sports. Figure 1. Sport specific CAC prevalence and scores Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Hartstichting

scholarly journals Significant inverse association of equol-producer status with coronary artery calcification but not dietary isoflavones in healthy Japanese men

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasudha Ahuja ◽  
Katsuyuki Miura ◽  
Abhishek Vishnu ◽  
Akira Fujiyoshi ◽  
Rhobert Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcification ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Japanese Men ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Multivariable Adjustment

AbstractEquol, a metabolite of the dietary isoflavone daidzein, is produced by the action of gut bacteria in some individuals who are termed as equol-producers. It is proposed to have stronger atheroprotective properties than dietary isoflavones. We examined a cross-sectional association of dietary isoflavones and equol-producer status with coronary artery calcification (CAC), a biomarker of coronary atherosclerosis, among men in Japan. A population-based sample of 272 Japanese men aged 40–49 years recruited from 2004 to 2007 was examined for serum isoflavones, serum equol, CAC and other factors. Equol-producers were classified as individuals having a serum level of equol >83 nm. The presence of CAC was defined as a coronary Ca score ≥10 Agatston units. The associations of dietary isoflavones and equol-producers with CAC were analysed using multiple logistic regression. The median of dietary isoflavones, equol and CAC were 512·7 (interquartile range (IQR) 194·1, 1170·0), 9·1 (IQR 0·10, 33·1) and 0·0 (IQR 0·0, 1·0) nm, respectively. Prevalence of CAC and equol-producers was 9·6 and 16·0 %, respectively. Dietary isoflavones were not significantly associated with CAC. After multivariable adjustment, the OR for the presence of CAC in equol-producers compared with equol non-producers was 0·10 (95 % CI 0·01, 0·90, P<0·04). Equol-producers had significantly lower CAC than equol non-producers, but there was no significant association between dietary isoflavones and CAC, suggesting that equol may be a key factor for atheroprotective properties of isoflavones in Japanese men. This finding must be confirmed in larger studies or clinical trials of equol that is now available as a dietary supplement.

P5339Association between high-sensitive troponin I and subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in well-controlled HIV-infected adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Vassara ◽  
S Siwamogsatham ◽  
W Buddhari ◽  
M Tumkosit ◽  
C Ketloy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcification ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Cardiac Computed Tomography ◽  
Agatston Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
High Sensitive Troponin

Abstract Background and objectives Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection live longer and the prevalence of coronary heart disease is increasing among them. High-sensitive troponin I (hs-TnI) is associated with coronary artery calcification as determined by non-contrast cardiac computed tomography (CT) in general population without established cardiovascular disease (CVD). Nevertheless, the relationship in well-controlled HIV-infected patients has not been validated. Design and methods A cross-sectional study among HIV-infected adults aged >50 years free from known CVDs. All subjects underwent non-contrast cardiac CT and blood test for serum hs-TnI was concomitantly performed. Relationship between Agatston score, a parameter used to quantify coronary artery calcification and serum hs-TnI level was analysed using spearman correlation and logistic regression models. Results A total of 338 HIV-infected adults (median age 54 years, 62% men) were included. All of them were in antiretroviral therapy with a median 18 years of exposure. The median CD4 cell count was 614 cell/mm3, 98% were virologically suppressed. Hs-TnI was correlated with coronary artery calcification with the correlation coefficient of 0.287 (p<0.0001). Multivariated logistic regression analysis demonstrated that serum hs-TnI concentration was associated with an increased odd of coronary artery calcification (Agatston score>0) (OR 1.64; 95% CI, 1.05–2.56, p=0.029). To detect coronary artery calcification, using the hs-TnI in addition to Thai CV risk score slightly increased the ROCAUC from 0.6827 to 0.692 (p=0.45). Distribution of CAC score over hs-TnI Conclusion Among well-controlled HIV-infected patients without established CVDs, hs-TnI concentration was associated with coronary artery calcification. This could be a potential biomarker for an early risk stratification of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in this population. The association with long-term adverse cardiovascular outcome needs to be validated in the future study.

Subclinical coronary atherosclerosis is more pronounced in men and women with lower socio-economic status: associations in a population-based study Coronary atherosclerosis and social status

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 568-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nico Dragano ◽  
Pablo Emilio Verde ◽  
Susanne Moebus ◽  
Andreas Stang ◽  
Axel Schmermund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcification ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Socio Economic Status

Background Social inequalities of manifest coronary heart diseases are well documented in modern societies. Less evidence is available on subclinical atherosclerotic disease despite the opportunity to investigate processes underlying this association. Therefore, we examined the relationship between coronary artery calcification as a sign of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis, socio-economic status and established cardiovascular risk factors in a healthy population. Design Cross-sectional. Methods In a population-based sample of 4487 men and women coronary artery calcification was assessed by electron beam computed tomography quantified by the Agatston score. Socio-economic status was assessed by two indicators, education and income. First, we investigated associations between the social measures and calcification. Second, we assessed the influence of cardiovascular risk factors on this association. Results After adjustment for age, men with 10 and less years of formal education had a 70% increase in calcification score compared with men with high education. The respective increase for women was 80%. For income the association was weaker (among men 20% higher for the lowest compared with the highest quartile; and among women 50% higher, respectively). Consecutive adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors significantly attenuated the observed association of socio-economic status with calcification. Conclusions Social inequalities in coronary heart diseases seem to influence signs of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis as measured by coronary artery calcification. Importantly, cumulation of major cardiovascular risk factors in lower socio-economic groups accounted for a substantial part of this association.

scholarly journals Association Between Muscle Quality Measured by Abdominal Computed Tomography and Subclinical Coronary Atherosclerosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Jung Lee ◽  
Hong-Kyu Kim ◽  
Eun Hee Kim ◽  
Sung Jin Bae ◽  
Kyung Won Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcification ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: Low muscle mass was known to be associated with cardiovascular diseases. However, only few studies investigated the association between muscle quality and subclinical coronary atherosclerosis. Thus, we evaluated whether muscle quality measured by abdominal computed tomography is associated with the risk of coronary artery calcification. Approach and Results: We conducted a cross-sectional study on 4068 subjects without cardiovascular disease who underwent abdominal and coronary computed tomography between 2012 and 2013 during health examinations. The cross-sectional area of the skeletal muscle was measured at the L3 level (total abdominal muscle area, total abdominal muscle area) and segmented into normal attenuation muscle area, low attenuation muscle area, and intramuscular adipose tissue. We calculated the normal attenuation muscle area/total abdominal muscle area index, of which a higher value reflected a higher proportion of good quality muscle (normal attenuation muscle area) and a lower proportion of myosteatosis (low attenuation muscle area and intramuscular adipose tissue). In women, as the normal attenuation muscle area/total abdominal muscle area quartiles increased, the odds ratios (95% CIs) for significant coronary artery calcification (>100) consistently decreased (0.44 [0.24–0.80], 0.39 [0.19–0.81], 0.34 [0.12–0.98]; P =0.003) after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors including visceral fat area and insulin resistance. In men, the odds ratios in the Q2 group were significantly lower than those in the Q1, but the association was attenuated in Q3–4 after adjustment. Conclusions: A higher proportion of good quality muscle was strongly associated with a lower prevalence of significant coronary artery calcification after adjustment, especially in women. Poor skeletal muscle quality may be an important risk factor for subclinical coronary atherosclerosis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document