scholarly journals Significant inverse association of equol-producer status with coronary artery calcification but not dietary isoflavones in healthy Japanese men

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasudha Ahuja ◽  
Katsuyuki Miura ◽  
Abhishek Vishnu ◽  
Akira Fujiyoshi ◽  
Rhobert Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcification ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Japanese Men ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Multivariable Adjustment

AbstractEquol, a metabolite of the dietary isoflavone daidzein, is produced by the action of gut bacteria in some individuals who are termed as equol-producers. It is proposed to have stronger atheroprotective properties than dietary isoflavones. We examined a cross-sectional association of dietary isoflavones and equol-producer status with coronary artery calcification (CAC), a biomarker of coronary atherosclerosis, among men in Japan. A population-based sample of 272 Japanese men aged 40–49 years recruited from 2004 to 2007 was examined for serum isoflavones, serum equol, CAC and other factors. Equol-producers were classified as individuals having a serum level of equol >83 nm. The presence of CAC was defined as a coronary Ca score ≥10 Agatston units. The associations of dietary isoflavones and equol-producers with CAC were analysed using multiple logistic regression. The median of dietary isoflavones, equol and CAC were 512·7 (interquartile range (IQR) 194·1, 1170·0), 9·1 (IQR 0·10, 33·1) and 0·0 (IQR 0·0, 1·0) nm, respectively. Prevalence of CAC and equol-producers was 9·6 and 16·0 %, respectively. Dietary isoflavones were not significantly associated with CAC. After multivariable adjustment, the OR for the presence of CAC in equol-producers compared with equol non-producers was 0·10 (95 % CI 0·01, 0·90, P<0·04). Equol-producers had significantly lower CAC than equol non-producers, but there was no significant association between dietary isoflavones and CAC, suggesting that equol may be a key factor for atheroprotective properties of isoflavones in Japanese men. This finding must be confirmed in larger studies or clinical trials of equol that is now available as a dietary supplement.

Abstract P317: Serum Soy Isoflavones Are Inversely Associated With Coronary Artery Calcification In A Population-based Sample Of 299 Men In Japan

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Sekikawa ◽  
Katsuyuki Miura ◽  
Abhishek Vishnu ◽  
Akira Fujiyoshi ◽  
Rhobert W Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcification ◽  
Calcium Score ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Soy Isoflavones ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objectives: Epidemiological studies in Asia where consumption of soy isoflavones (ISF) are regular and high implicated that isoflavones are protective against coronary heart disease (CHD), especially in post-menopausal women. There is a lack of data on the association of isoflavones with atherosclerosis, especially in men. We aim to determine a cross sectional association of serum ISF with coronary artery calcification (CAC) in men in Japan. Methods: A population-based sample of 299 men aged 40-49 years in Japan was examined for CAC and other risk factors in 2002-06. Electron-beam CT was used to evaluate CAC. Stored serum samples were analyzed for ISF (genistein and daidzein). We defined serum ISFs as the sum of genistein and daidzein. Presence of CAC was defined as coronary calcium score ≥ 10. Because the distribution of serum ISF is skewed, we evaluated quartile of serum ISF and analyzed the association of ISF with the presence of CAC using a general linear model. Findings: The median value (interquartile range) of ISF was 517 (195, 1,147) nM/l. Serum ISF had a significant inverse association with CAC in crude analysis. After adjusting for age, LDL-C, smoking, and BMI, each of which had a significant univariate association with CAC, the inverse association of ISF with CAC remained, with littel change in point estimates. After further adjusting for other risk factors as well as serum levels of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, the inverse association remained. Conclusions: Serum levels of ISF in Japanese men in Japan had an inverse association of CAC, suggesting that ISF at the levels Japanese in Japan regularly consume have anti-atherogenic properties in men.

Sport specific incidence and progression of coronary artery calcification among amateur athletes: a follow-up of the Measuring Athletes Risk of Cardiovascular events (MARC) study

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
V Aengevaeren ◽  
A Mosterd ◽  
T.L Braber ◽  
H.M Nathoe ◽  
T.M.H Eijsvogels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcification ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Amateur Athletes ◽  
Entire Cohort

Abstract Background Emerging evidence indicates increased coronary atherosclerosis in amateur athletes. However, previous studies were limited by its cross-sectional design and limited sample size, preventing the exploration of sport specific associations with coronary atherosclerosis. Purpose We aimed to compare the incidence and progression of coronary artery calcification (CAC) between runners, cyclists and other types of athletes using a prospective cohort study with repetitive measurements. Methods Asymptomatic middle-aged men, who previously underwent a sports medical evaluation without abnormalities, were recruited in the Measuring Athlete's Risk of Cardiovascular events (MARC) study (n=318) and were asked to participate in this follow-up study. CT imaging was performed to assess CAC scores. Data was collected between 2012–2014 (i.e. baseline) and 2019–2020 (i.e. follow-up). We categorized participants as runners, cyclists or “other” sports (e.g. water polo, tennis, hockey, etc.) based on their dominant sport performance at baseline. Results We included 260 men in this interim analysis, with an average follow-up time of 6.3±0.5 years. Age (61.4±6.4 years), systolic blood pressure (143±20 mmHg), BMI (25.2±2.8 kg/m2), LDL-cholesterol (3.2±0.9 mmol/L), smoking (0.3 [0–8] pack years) and family history of coronary heart disease (28%) did not differ between runners (n=64), cyclists (n=75) and other athletes (n=121, all p&gt;0.05). CAC was present in 137 (53%) men at baseline, which increased to 181 (70%) at follow-up. CAC scores increased from 1 [0–33] to 33 [0–129]. Cyclists had a lower CAC prevalence and CAC scores compared to individuals performing other sports at follow-up (Figure 1). Of those without CAC at baseline (n=123, 47%), cyclists less often developed CAC during follow-up compared with runners (adjusted OR=0.36 [0.17–0.79], p=0.01). In the entire cohort, CAC progression (ln delta CAC+1) was less prominent in cyclists than runners (adjusted B=−0.75 [−1.39 to −0.11], p=0.02), whereas progression of CAC in participants performing other sports did not differ from the runners. In participants with CAC at baseline, cyclists also had less CAC progression than runners (B=−0.49 [−0.95 to −0.02], p=0.04). Conclusion Cyclists have a lower incidence and less progression of CAC during 6 years of follow-up compared with runners and individuals performing other sports. Figure 1. Sport specific CAC prevalence and scores Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Hartstichting

Abstract P137: Association Of Equol Producing Capacity With Aortic Calcification In Middle-aged Japanese Men

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Zhang ◽  
Akira Fujiyoshi ◽  
Aya Kadota ◽  
Vasudha Ahuja ◽  
Abhishek Vishnu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Levels ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Aortic Calcification ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Japanese Men ◽  
The Us ◽  
Multivariable Analyses ◽  
20 Nm

Background: Soy isoflavones (ISFs) are regularly consumed in Japan and other Asian countries where some studies showed a significant inverse association of ISFs intake with incident coronary heart disease (CHD). However, a US randomized clinical trial did not find ISFs as anti-atherogenic. This discrepancy may be due to the higher capacity of people in Japan than in the US to produce equol, a metabolite of ISF by the gut microbiome. Equol may have greater anti-atherogenic properties than ISFs. It is unknown whether equol producers (EP), people who produce equol after consuming ISF, have lower aortic calcification (AC), a biomarker of atherosclerosis, as compared to non-EP. Aim: To determine the association between equol producing status and AC in Japanese men. Method: This cross-sectional, population-based study included 302 Japanese men aged 40-49, free of CHD. EP was defined as participants with serum levels of equol ≥20 nM. AC was measured in the entire aorta and quantified by the Agatston method. The presence of AC was defined as AC score ≥10. We analyzed the association between equol producing status and AC using the Tobit and the logistic regressions. Result: We observed 125 participants as EP. In multivariable analyses, EP had non-significantly lower AC score by 147 (95% confidence interval (CI): -386, 92) units and an odds ratio of 0.71 (95% CI: 0.40, 1.26) for the AC presence as compared to non-EP. As significant interaction of equol producing status with age was present, we stratified the analyses by the median age. In men aged 45-49 years, EP had non-significantly lower AC score by 246 units and a non-significant 0.62 times the odds of AC presence as compared to non-EP; the corresponding values in men aged 40-44 were 12 units and 0.91 times (Table). Such an association was not observed with serum ISFs (data not shown). Conclusion: Japanese middle-aged men who were EP had non-significantly lower AC than non-EP and such association was stronger in men aged 45-49 than 40-44 years. Further study with much larger sample size is warranted.

P5339Association between high-sensitive troponin I and subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in well-controlled HIV-infected adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Vassara ◽  
S Siwamogsatham ◽  
W Buddhari ◽  
M Tumkosit ◽  
C Ketloy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcification ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Cardiac Computed Tomography ◽  
Agatston Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
High Sensitive Troponin

Abstract Background and objectives Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection live longer and the prevalence of coronary heart disease is increasing among them. High-sensitive troponin I (hs-TnI) is associated with coronary artery calcification as determined by non-contrast cardiac computed tomography (CT) in general population without established cardiovascular disease (CVD). Nevertheless, the relationship in well-controlled HIV-infected patients has not been validated. Design and methods A cross-sectional study among HIV-infected adults aged >50 years free from known CVDs. All subjects underwent non-contrast cardiac CT and blood test for serum hs-TnI was concomitantly performed. Relationship between Agatston score, a parameter used to quantify coronary artery calcification and serum hs-TnI level was analysed using spearman correlation and logistic regression models. Results A total of 338 HIV-infected adults (median age 54 years, 62% men) were included. All of them were in antiretroviral therapy with a median 18 years of exposure. The median CD4 cell count was 614 cell/mm3, 98% were virologically suppressed. Hs-TnI was correlated with coronary artery calcification with the correlation coefficient of 0.287 (p<0.0001). Multivariated logistic regression analysis demonstrated that serum hs-TnI concentration was associated with an increased odd of coronary artery calcification (Agatston score>0) (OR 1.64; 95% CI, 1.05–2.56, p=0.029). To detect coronary artery calcification, using the hs-TnI in addition to Thai CV risk score slightly increased the ROCAUC from 0.6827 to 0.692 (p=0.45). Distribution of CAC score over hs-TnI Conclusion Among well-controlled HIV-infected patients without established CVDs, hs-TnI concentration was associated with coronary artery calcification. This could be a potential biomarker for an early risk stratification of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in this population. The association with long-term adverse cardiovascular outcome needs to be validated in the future study.

scholarly journals Association Between Muscle Quality Measured by Abdominal Computed Tomography and Subclinical Coronary Atherosclerosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Jung Lee ◽  
Hong-Kyu Kim ◽  
Eun Hee Kim ◽  
Sung Jin Bae ◽  
Kyung Won Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcification ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: Low muscle mass was known to be associated with cardiovascular diseases. However, only few studies investigated the association between muscle quality and subclinical coronary atherosclerosis. Thus, we evaluated whether muscle quality measured by abdominal computed tomography is associated with the risk of coronary artery calcification. Approach and Results: We conducted a cross-sectional study on 4068 subjects without cardiovascular disease who underwent abdominal and coronary computed tomography between 2012 and 2013 during health examinations. The cross-sectional area of the skeletal muscle was measured at the L3 level (total abdominal muscle area, total abdominal muscle area) and segmented into normal attenuation muscle area, low attenuation muscle area, and intramuscular adipose tissue. We calculated the normal attenuation muscle area/total abdominal muscle area index, of which a higher value reflected a higher proportion of good quality muscle (normal attenuation muscle area) and a lower proportion of myosteatosis (low attenuation muscle area and intramuscular adipose tissue). In women, as the normal attenuation muscle area/total abdominal muscle area quartiles increased, the odds ratios (95% CIs) for significant coronary artery calcification (>100) consistently decreased (0.44 [0.24–0.80], 0.39 [0.19–0.81], 0.34 [0.12–0.98]; P =0.003) after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors including visceral fat area and insulin resistance. In men, the odds ratios in the Q2 group were significantly lower than those in the Q1, but the association was attenuated in Q3–4 after adjustment. Conclusions: A higher proportion of good quality muscle was strongly associated with a lower prevalence of significant coronary artery calcification after adjustment, especially in women. Poor skeletal muscle quality may be an important risk factor for subclinical coronary atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Starchy Vegetables and Metabolic Syndrome in Costa Rica

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1639
Author(s):  
Zhongyao Li ◽  
Dongqing Wang ◽  
Edward A. Ruiz-Narváez ◽  
Karen E. Peterson ◽  
Hannia Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional

Only a few studies primarily examined the associations between starchy vegetables (other than potatoes) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). We aimed to evaluate the association between starchy vegetables consumption and MetS in a population-based sample of Costa Rican adults. We hypothesized that a higher overall intake of starchy vegetables would not be associated with higher MetS prevalence. In this cross-sectional study, log-binomial regression models were used to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) of MetS across quintiles of total, unhealthy, healthy starchy vegetables, and individual starchy vegetables (potatoes, purple sweet potatoes, etc.), among 1881 Costa Rican adults. Least square means and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from linear regression models were estimated for each MetS component by categories of starchy vegetable variables. Higher intakes of starchy vegetables were associated with a higher prevalence of MetS in crude models, but no significant trends were observed after adjusting for confounders. A significant inverse association was observed between total starchy and healthy starchy vegetables consumption and fasting blood glucose. In this population, starchy vegetables might be part of a healthy dietary pattern.

Inverse Association Between Health Literacy and Obesity Among Children in Greece: A School-Based, Cross-Sectional Epidemiological Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 109019812098294
Author(s):  
Aikaterini Kanellopoulou ◽  
Venetia Notara ◽  
George Antonogeorgos ◽  
Maria Chrissini ◽  
Andrea Paola Rojas-Gil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Body Weight Status ◽  
High Level

Children’s health literacy is a crucial pillar of health. This study is aimed to examine the association between health literacy and weight status among Greek schoolchildren aged 10 to 12 years old. A population-based, cross-sectional observational study enrolling 1,728 students (795 boys), aged 10 to 12 years old, was conducted during school years 2014–2016. A health literacy index (range 0-100) was created through an item response theory hybrid model, by combining a variety of beliefs and perceptions of children about health. The mean health literacy score was 70.4 (±18.7). The majority of children (63.8%) had a “high” level (i.e., >67/100) of health literacy, 30.5% had a “medium” level (i.e., 34–66/100) of health literacy, while a small proportion of children (5.7%) had a “low” level (i.e., <33/100). Girls exhibited a higher level of health literacy than boys (71.7 ± 18.3 vs. 68.8 ± 19.1, p < .01). Regarding body weight status, 21.7% of children was overweight and 5.0% was obese. Linear regression models showed that the health literacy score was inversely associated with children’s body mass index (regression coefficient [95% CI]: −0.010 [−0.018, −0.001]), after adjusting for dietary habits, physical activity levels, and other potential confounders. Health literacy seems to be a dominant characteristic of children’s weight status; therefore, school planning, as well as public health policy actions should emphasize on the ability of children’s capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information.

Thyrotrophin levels and coronary artery calcification: Cross-sectional results of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil)

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 597-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Érique José F. Peixoto de Miranda ◽  
Márcio Sommer Bittencourt ◽  
Henrique Lane Staniak ◽  
Alexandre C. Pereira ◽  
Murilo Foppa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcification ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Cross Sectional
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document