Mortality Rate and Major Causes of Death by Gestational Age in Korean Children under 5 Years of Age

Purpose: Studies have been conducted on the prevalence and infant mortality rate of congenital anomalies; however, studies on child mortality are rare. Therefore, we evaluated the characteristics of deaths associated with congenital anomalies among children born in Korea who died within 5 years of age.Methods: Birth-to-death cohort linked data of children under the age of 5 years from 2010 to 2013, and statistical data on the cause of death by age from 1999 to 2019, both provided by the Korea National Statistical Office's Microdata Integrated Service, were retrospectively investigated. We investigated the trends and characteristics of mortality associated with congenital anomalies.Results: Among 1,858,945 children, 6,510 children who died were under 5 years of age, and among them, 1,229 deaths were associated with congenital anomalies, while 5,281 deaths were due to other causes. Deaths associated with congenital anomalies accounted for 18.9% of all deaths. When comparing congenital anomalies by systems, anomalies of the cardiovascular system (52.6%) were the most common. The mortality rate associated with congenital anomalies and those of other causes showed similar declining trends in 21 years.Conclusion: The mortality rate of congenital anomalies during the first 5 years of life did not increase differently from the prevalence of congenital anomalies but rather decreased. Deaths associated with congenital anomalies accounted for 20.5% of all infant deaths and 12.1% of child deaths, since the major causes of death in infants and children are slightly different, continuous and careful monitoring is required.

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Analysis of mortality from diarrheic diseases in under-five children in Brazilian cities with more than 150,000 inhabitants

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0102-311x2009000500016 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 25 (5) ◽

pp. 1093-1102 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Juraci Vieira Sergio ◽

Antônio Carlos Ponce de Leon

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rate ◽

Time Trends ◽

Sharp Decrease ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

The North ◽

Indicator Variables ◽

Before And After ◽

Geographic Regions ◽

Annual Mortality ◽

Children Under 5

This study analyzes mortality from infectious diarrheic diseases in children under 5 years of age in Brazilian municipalities with more than 150,000 inhabitants, excluding State capitals. The annual mortality rates by municipality from 1990 to 2000 were analyzed using a multilevel model, with years as first level units nested in municipalities as second level units. The dependent variable was the yearly mortality rate by municipality, on the log scale. Polynomial time trends and indicator variables to account for differences in geographic regions were used in the modeling. Time trends were centered on 1995, so they could be modeled differently before and after 1995. From 1990 to 1995 there was a sharp decrease in mortality rates by diarrheic diseases in most Brazilian municipalities, while from 1995 to 2000 the decrease was more heterogeneous. In 1995 the North and Northeast of Brazil had higher mortality rates than the Southeast, and the differences were statistically significant. Most importantly, the study concludes that there was an important difference in the pattern of mortality rate decreases over time, comparing the country's five geographic regions.

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Risk of Neonatal and Infant Mortality in Twins and Singletons by Gestational Age

American Journal of Perinatology ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1675218 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (08) ◽

pp. 798-805 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Han-Yang Chen ◽

Suneet P. Chauhan

Keyword(s):

Infant Mortality ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Regression Models ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

Error Variance ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Vital Statistics ◽

Adjusted Risk ◽

Live Births ◽

Risk Ratios

Objective To compare neonatal and infant mortality rates stratified by gestational age (GA) between singletons and twins and examine the three leading causes of death among them. Study Design This was a retrospective cohort study using the U.S. vital statistics datasets. The study was restricted to nonanomalous live births at 24 to 40 weeks delivered in 2005 to 2014. We used multivariable Poisson regression models with robust error variance to examine the association between birth plurality (singleton vs. twin) and mortality outcomes within each GA, while adjusting for confounders. The results were presented as adjusted risk ratios (aRRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Of 26,292,747 live births, 96.6% were singletons and 3.4% were twins. At 29 to 36 weeks of GA, compared with singletons, twins had a lower risk of neonatal mortality (aRR: 0.37–0.78) and infant mortality (aRR: 0.54–0.86). When examined by GA, the three leading causes of neonatal and infant mortality varied between singletons and twins. Conclusion When stratified by GA, the risk of neonatal and infant mortality was lower at 29 to 36 weeks in twins than in singletons, though the cause of death varied.

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Nutraceuticals Impacting Uterine Growth, Gestational Age and Mortality Rate

Nutraceuticals for Prenatal, Maternal and Offspring’s Nutritional Health ◽

10.1201/9780429437632-14 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 197-209

Author(s):

Shrushti Patil ◽

Natalia Mercado ◽

Yashwant Pathak ◽

Priyanka Bhatt

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rate ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Uterine Growth

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Maternalmortality in Benghazi: a clinicoepidemiological study

Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal ◽

10.26719/2000.6.2-3.283 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 6 (2-3) ◽

pp. 283-293

Author(s):

M. Legnain ◽

R. Singh ◽

M. O. Busarira

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Pulmonary Embolism ◽

Mortality Rate ◽

Birth Interval ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

Surgical Intervention ◽

Hypertensive Disease ◽

Maternal Deaths ◽

Live Births ◽

Almost All

We conducted a clinicoepidemiological study of 14 maternal deaths out of 79 981 live births at Al-Jamahiriya Hospital, Benghazi between 1993 and 1997. The maternal mortality rate per 100 000 live births was 17.5. The reproductive profile of these women was: mean age 31.5 +/- 6.9 years, mean parity 4.5, mean birth interval 14.6 +/- 7.0 months, mean gestation 27.7 +/- 14.6 weeks and mean haemoglobin 9.3 +/- 2.1 g/dL. None of the women had prebooked their delivery, 50% had preconceptional medical or obstetric risk factors, around 70% were anaemic, almost all were admitted with serious medical conditions and > 50% required surgical intervention. The main underlying medical causes of death were: hypertensive disease of pregnancy [28.6%], haemorrhage [14.3%], pulmonary embolism [14.3%]and brain tumour [14.3%]

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Tuberculosis and HIV mortality in Russia

Tuberculosis and lung diseases ◽

10.21292/2075-1230-2020-98-6-15-21 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (6) ◽

pp. 15-21

Author(s):

E. B. Tsybikovа ◽

I. M. Son ◽

A. V. Vlаdimirov

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rate ◽

Infectious Diseases ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

Age Groups ◽

Young Age ◽

Federal State ◽

Statistical Monitoring ◽

Hiv Mortality ◽

Leading Position

The objective: to study changes in the structure of mortality from tuberculosis and HIV infection in Russia from 2000 to 2017.Subjects and methods. The data of the Federal State Statistics Service on the mortality of the Russian population from tuberculosis and HIV infection (standardized ratio per 100,000 population) for 2000-2017 were studied. Data on the structure of patients with TB/HIV co-infection were obtained from Form no. 61 of the federal statistical monitoring for 2017.Results. In Russia, there has been a steady decrease in the mortality rate from tuberculosis, the value of which in 2017 reached 5.9 per 100,000 people. At the same time, the average values of the mortality rate from tuberculosis have shifted towards the older age groups reaching maximum values in the age group of 45 years and older. On the contrary, the analysis of mortality from HIV infection (2006-2017) detected its unprecedented increase from 1.6 to 12.6 per 100,000 population. The maximum concentration of mortality from HIV infection was observed in young age groups (35-44 years old). The increase in mortality from HIV infection was accompanied by a change in the structure of mortality from infectious diseases: the proportion of tuberculosis decreased from 79.1% (2000) to 27.4% (2017), and the proportion of HIV infection increased from 0.1% ( 2000) to 57.2% (2017). Currently, in Russia, mortality from HIV infection in young age groups has taken a leading position in the structure of causes of death from infectious diseases, displacing mortality from tuberculosis.

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Perinatal Mortality and Morbidity at Dr. Pirngadi Hospital Medan 1985-1986

Paediatrica Indonesiana ◽

10.14238/pi29.5-6.1989.97-104 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (5-6) ◽

pp. 97-104

Author(s):

Guslihan D. Tjipta ◽

Dachrul Aldy ◽

Noersida Raid ◽

Baren Ratur Sembiring

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rate ◽

Perinatal Mortality ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

Age Groups ◽

Public Health Education ◽

Hospital Quality ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Respiratory Problems ◽

The Subject

A retrospective study was conducted on babies born during January 1985 to December 1986 at Dr. Pirngadi Hospital Medan. The aim of this study was to evaluate perinatal mortality and morbidity, and various possible factors related to the subject matter.The main results can be summarized as follows : There were 7102 deliveries during the study period consisting of 999 babies weighing less than 2500 gram and 6103 with body weight of 2500 gram or more. Perinatal mortality rate was 563.56 o/oo in the first group and 78.49 o/oo in the second while the avera/ mortality rate was 146.72 o/oo.Rate of perinatal demise was high in babies born from mothers in the age groups of below 20 and above 35 years, namely 681 .82 o/oo and 202.19 o/oo. It was also high among primiparae (165.67 o/oo) and more so among grandmultiparae (246.46 o/oo).There were 1966 (30.49%) ill newborn babies with asphyxia neonatorum accounting for 44.91%, infection 30.42% and respiratory problems 9.21% of the main causes of illness, while respiratory problems (40.05%) and injection (28.68%) constituted the main causes of death .We concluded that the rate of perinatal mortality and morbidity is still high at this hospital. Quality of prenatal and neonatal care with extensive public health education is necessary to be enhanced for the reduction of perinatal mortality and morbidity.

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Characteristics of mortality in the Orenburg region population in 2011-2017

Science and Innovations in Medicine ◽

10.35693/2500-1388-2020-5-2-99-104 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 99-104

Author(s):

Evgenii L. Borschuk ◽

Dmitrii N. Begun ◽

Tatyana V. Begun

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rate ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

Age Groups ◽

Circulatory System ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Female Population ◽

Orenburg Region ◽

The Third ◽

Circulatory System Diseases ◽

External Causes

Objectives - to study the mortality indicators, their dynamics and structure, in the population of the Orenburg region in the period of 2011-2017. Material and methods. The study was conducted using the data from the territorial authority of statistics in the Orenburg region in the period from 2011 to 2017. The analytical, demographic and statistical methods were implemented for the study of the demographic indicators. Results. Cities and municipal settlements of the Orenburg region with high mortality indicators were included in the second and fourth clusters during the cluster analysis. The first and third clusters included cities and municipal settlements with an average mortality. The most favorable position has the Orenburg area with the lowest mortality rate in the region in 2017 - 8.4%. The dynamics of mortality rates among the male and female population tends to decrease, more pronounced dynamics is in men. Though, the male population is characterized by higher mortality rates in all age groups. The leading position among the causes of death is taken by diseases of the circulatory system (46.3% of the total mortality). The second position is occupied by tumors (17.2%), the third - by external causes (8.4%). Mortality from circulatory system diseases and from external causes has reduced. The dynamics of mortality from tumors does not change significantly. The rank of leading causes of death is not identical in the clusters: in the third and fourth clusters, the other causes occupy the second place in the structure of mortality, while tumors occupy the third. Conclusion. In the Orenburg region, the mortality rate is higher than overage in the Russian Federation by 0.9 per 1000 people. The study revealed significant territorial differences in the mortality rates. In general, the mortality among men in all age groups is higher than the mortality of women. The mortality rate from diseases of the circulatory system plays the leading role in the structure of mortality, but has the tendency for decline. Until 2006, the mortality from external causes ranked the second place, now the second place is taken by death from tumors The mortality from external causes is decreasing; mortality from tumors does not change significantly. The obtained results could be used by local authorities in developing the program of public health protection and assessing its effectiveness.

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ANALYSIS OF THE MORTALITY RATE AMONG THE POPULATION OF THE POLTAVA REGION AND THE WAYS OF ITS REDUCTION

Wiadomości Lekarskie ◽

10.36740/wlek201905226 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 72 (5) ◽

pp. 1087-1091

Author(s):

Valentyn M. Dvornyk ◽

Inna V. Bielikova ◽

Ludmyla M. Shylkina ◽

Valentyna L. Filatova ◽

Natalia M. Martynenko

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rate ◽

Digestive System ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

Health Care Systems ◽

Second Neoplasms ◽

Care Systems ◽

Causes Of Mortality ◽

External Causes Of Death ◽

External Causes

Introduction: Saving and improvement of population’ health is one of the main priorities of the policy in any country. Studying of the level and causes of mortality is a powerful tool for assessing the effectiveness of health care systems. WHO recommends using of the European classification of preventable causes of death that based on three levels of prevention. The aim of this study is to compare the level and structure of mortality of the population of Ukraine and the Poltava region, to substantiate scientific approaches to the study and identification of those causes of death that can be prevented in order to formulate prevention programs at different level. Materials and methods: In research are used the information from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and from the Center for Medical Statistics of the MoH of Ukraine. Review: Despite the positive dynamics of mortality in recent years, both in the Poltava region and in Ukraine, the indicators remain extremely negative. About 73.3% of all fatalities in Ukraine are three main types of causes cardiovascular diseases, external causes of death and neoplasms. In the Poltava region, 70.56% of all causes of death are due to cardiovascular disease; neoplasms occupy 13.88%; external causes - 4.87%; diseases of the digestive system - 3,06%; respiratory diseases - 1.31% of the causes of death. Conclusions: The mortality rate both in the Poltava region and in Ukraine has tendency for declines, but remains rather high. General trends in the structure of causes of death: in the first place are diseases of the cardiovascular system, the second - neoplasms, the third -external causes. Structuring of the causes of death that based on the principle of prevention in Ukraine do not conduct.

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The effects of breed, breeding system and other factors on lamb mortality: 1. Causes of death and effects on the incidence of losses

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600035292 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 100 (3) ◽

pp. 539-551 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

G. Wiener ◽

Carol Woolliams ◽

N. S. M. Macleod

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Mortality Rate ◽

Breeding System ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

Congenital Defects ◽

Post Mortem ◽

Size Type ◽

Upland Grassland ◽

Better Than

SUMMARYThe incidence of lamb mortality from birth to 8 months of age has been studied over a 6-year period in an upland, grassland flock of sheep comprising the Scottish Blackface, Cheviot and Welsh Mountain breeds and the crosses among these breeds. Each breed and cross-bred type was maintained at varying levels of inbreeding. Approximately half the lambs which died were stillborn or dead on the day of birth, nearly 40% died thereafter but before weaning and about 10% after weaning.Post-mortem examinations on 586 of the 632 lambs which died from among the 2453 born attributed death on average to two causes per lamb. Approximately 11% of the causes were stillbirths or delayed births; 11% were cases of dystokia; congenital defects of various types accounted for about 10% of the causes; 25% made reference to weakly lamb, exposure or starvation; 14% to infectious diseases and 16% to noninfectious diseases. The extent to which causes of death occur together is examined.Breeds differed in mortality rate with the Welsh the lowest and Cheviot the highest. Cross-breds were better than the average of the pure breeds but this advantage emerged only in the period between 3 days and. 6 weeks of age. Inbreeding, both of dam and of lamb, increased mortality. Lambs from dams which were crosses of inbred lines had the best survival. Litter size, type of rearing, parity of dam, sex of lamb and birth weight also had significant effects on mortality rate.

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