scholarly journals Trends and Characteristics of Mortality Associated with Congenital Anomalies in Korean Children under 5 Years of Age

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-107
Author(s):  
Soo Bin Kim ◽  
Min Jung Jang ◽  
Young Hwa Song ◽  
Seung Yeon Jung ◽  
Jun Suk Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Linked Data ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Careful Monitoring ◽  
Korean Children ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Child Deaths ◽  
Children Under 5

Purpose: Studies have been conducted on the prevalence and infant mortality rate of congenital anomalies; however, studies on child mortality are rare. Therefore, we evaluated the characteristics of deaths associated with congenital anomalies among children born in Korea who died within 5 years of age.Methods: Birth-to-death cohort linked data of children under the age of 5 years from 2010 to 2013, and statistical data on the cause of death by age from 1999 to 2019, both provided by the Korea National Statistical Office's Microdata Integrated Service, were retrospectively investigated. We investigated the trends and characteristics of mortality associated with congenital anomalies.Results: Among 1,858,945 children, 6,510 children who died were under 5 years of age, and among them, 1,229 deaths were associated with congenital anomalies, while 5,281 deaths were due to other causes. Deaths associated with congenital anomalies accounted for 18.9% of all deaths. When comparing congenital anomalies by systems, anomalies of the cardiovascular system (52.6%) were the most common. The mortality rate associated with congenital anomalies and those of other causes showed similar declining trends in 21 years.Conclusion: The mortality rate of congenital anomalies during the first 5 years of life did not increase differently from the prevalence of congenital anomalies but rather decreased. Deaths associated with congenital anomalies accounted for 20.5% of all infant deaths and 12.1% of child deaths, since the major causes of death in infants and children are slightly different, continuous and careful monitoring is required.

scholarly journals Mortality among Guarani Indians in Southeastern and Southern Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (suppl 2) ◽  
pp. s222-s236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Moreira Cardoso ◽  
Carlos E. A. Coimbra Jr. ◽  
Carla Tatiana Garcia Barreto ◽  
Guilherme Loureiro Werneck ◽  
Ricardo Ventura Santos
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Life Expectancy At Birth ◽  
Crude Mortality Rate ◽  
Crude Mortality

Worldwide, indigenous peoples display a high burden of disease, expressed by profound health inequalities in comparison to non-indigenous populations. This study describes mortality patterns among the Guarani in Southern and Southeastern Brazil, with a focus on health inequalities. The Guarani population structure is indicative of high birth and death rates, low median age and low life expectancy at birth. The crude mortality rate (crude MR = 5.0/1,000) was similar to the Brazilian national rate, but the under-five MR (44.5/1,000) and the infant mortality rate (29.6/1,000) were twice the corresponding MR in the South and Southeast of Brazil. The proportion of post-neonatal infant deaths was 83.3%, 2.4 times higher than general population. The proportions of ill-defined (15.8%) and preventable causes (51.6%) were high. The principal causes of death were respiratory (40.6%) and infectious and parasitic diseases (18.8%), suggesting precarious living conditions and deficient health services. There is a need for greater investment in primary care and interventions in social determinants of health in order to reduce the health inequalities.

scholarly journals Mortality Rate and Major Causes of Death by Gestational Age in Korean Children under 5 Years of Age

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (40) ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Jeong Jang ◽  
Young Hwa Song ◽  
Jung Min Yoon ◽  
Eun Jung Cheon ◽  
Kyung Ok Ko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Korean Children ◽  
Children Under 5

scholarly journals Smoke-free legislation and neonatal and infant mortality in Brazil: longitudinal quasi-experimental study

2019 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2019-054923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Hone ◽  
Andre Salem Szklo ◽  
Filippos T Filippidis ◽  
Anthony A Laverty ◽  
Isabela Sattamini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Infant Health ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Fixed Effects Regression

ObjectiveTo examine the associations of partial and comprehensive smoke-free legislation with neonatal and infant mortality in Brazil using a quasi-experimental study design.DesignMonthly longitudinal (panel) ecological study from January 2000 to December 2016.SettingAll Brazilian municipalities (n=5565).ParticipantsInfant populations.InterventionSmoke-free legislation in effect in each municipality and month. Legislation was encoded as basic (allowing smoking areas), partial (segregated smoking rooms) or comprehensive (no smoking in public buildings). Associations were quantified by immediate step and longer term slope/trend changes in outcomes.Statistical analysesMunicipal-level linear fixed-effects regression models.Main outcomes measuresInfant and neonatal mortality.ResultsImplementation of partial smoke-free legislation was associated with a −3.3 % (95% CI −6.2% to −0.4%) step reduction in the municipal infant mortality rate, but no step change in neonatal mortality. Comprehensive smoke-free legislation implementation was associated with −5.2 % (95% CI −8.3% to −2.1%) and −3.4 % (95% CI −6.7% to −0.1%) step reductions in infant and neonatal mortality, respectively, and a −0.36 (95% CI −0.66 to−0.06) annual decline in the infant mortality rate. We estimated that had all smoke-free legislation introduced since 2004 been comprehensive, an additional 10 091 infant deaths (95% CI 1196 to 21 761) could have been averted.ConclusionsStrengthening smoke-free legislation in Brazil is associated with improvements in infant health outcomes—particularly under comprehensive legislation. Governments should accelerate implementation of comprehensive smoke-free legislation to protect infant health and achieve the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goal three.

Gambaran Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja di Panembong Girang Desa Mekarsari Cianjur

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 382-387
Author(s):  
Helvy Yunida
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Initial Data ◽  
Preliminary Data ◽  
Community Health Center ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Methods

Abstrak: AKI (Angka Kematian Ibu) dan AKB (Angka Kematian Bayi)  di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Nagrak  masih tinggi  pada umumnya dan wilayah Desa Mekarsari pada khususnya. Salah satu Penyebab  tidak langsung kematian  ibu dan bayi karena  masih rendahnya pengetahuan remaja tentang reproduksi remaja. Sehingga remaja tersebut sebagai calon ibu kurang mempersiapkan dirinya menyongsong masa hamil dan masa memiliki  anak  setelah menikah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode  kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Tempat penelitan di Panembong girang, sample 30 orang remaja.  Data awal diambil dari profil Desa Mekarsari, profil Pusksmas Nagrak dan tatap muka dengan 32 orang remaja untuk menggali masalah sebagai  pengumpulan data awal yang didokumentasikan dalam bentuk photo. Abstract: MMR (Maternal Mortality Rate) and IMR (Infant Mortality Rate) in the working area of the Nagrak Community Health Center are still high in general and the Mekarsari Village area in particular. One of the indirect causes of maternal and infant deaths is due to the low knowledge of adolescents about adolescent reproduction. So that the teenager as a prospective mother is less prepared to welcome pregnancy and having children after marriage. This research uses quantitative and qualitative methods. Research place in Panembong excited, sample of 30 teenagers. Preliminary data were taken from the Mekarsari Village profile, the Nagrak Pusksmas profile and face to face with 32 teenagers to explore the problem as initial data collection documented in the form of photos.

PUBLIC HEALTH, NURSING, MEDICAL SOCIAL WORK

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1189-1192
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
National Office ◽  
Health Nursing ◽  
First Time

FOR THE first time in many years, it is necessary to report that the infant mortality rate has increased over the preceding year. From 1936 through 1956 the infant mortality rate had declined steadily each year, decreasing 54% during this period from the figure of 57.1 per 1,000 live births for 1936 to 26.1 in 1956. These and other basic data on vital statistics in the United States are reported each year in preliminary form by the National Office of Vital Statistics in its regular publication Monthly Vital Statistics Report. The data in this column are taken from this year's summary, published in Volume 6, No. 13, of Monthly Vital Statistics Report on April 9, 1958, from which Figure 1 and Table I (abridged) are reproduced. It is to be noted that although this report is based on estimates they are nevertheless considered quite reliable. Previous experience has shown that the final report is not significantly different from the estimates and for all practical purposes the latter present the correct situation. In 1956, for example, the final report indicated that the actual number of infant deaths was approximately one-tenth of 1% below the estimate. NATURE AND SOURCE OF DATA Birth and death figures in the Monthly Vital Statistics Report summarize information from monthly reports of the numbers of birth and death certificates received in registration offices between two dates a month apart, regardless of when the events occurred. Final figures, by contrast, are obtained from copies of certificates received in the National Office of Vital Statistics for events actually occurring in the reporting year.

scholarly journals Understanding State-Level Variations in the US Infant Mortality: 2000 to 2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 1271-1277
Author(s):  
Alireza Ebrahimvandi ◽  
Niyousha Hosseinichimeh ◽  
Jay Iams
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
State Level ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Effect Regression ◽  
Causes Of Mortality

Objective To exploit state variations in infant mortality, identify diagnoses that contributed to reduction of the infant mortality rate (IMR), and examine factors associated with preterm-related mortality rate (PMR). Study Design Using linked birth-infant deaths files, we examined patterns in the leading causes of IMR. We compared these rates at both national and state levels to find reduction trends. Creating a cross-sectional time series of states' PMR and some explanatory variables, we implemented a fixed-effect regression model to examine factors associated with PMR at the state level. Results We found substantial state-level variations in changes of the IMR (range =  − 2.87–2.08) and PMR (−1.77–0.67). Twenty-one states in which the IMR declined more than the national average of 0.99 (6.89–5.90) were labeled as successful. In the successful states, we found reduction in the PMR accounted for the largest decline in the IMR—0.90 fewer deaths. Changes in the other subgroups of leading causes did not differ significantly in successful and unsuccessful states. Conclusion Trends in the causes of mortality are heterogeneous across states. Although its impact is not large, reducing the percentage of pregnant women with inadequate care is one of the mechanisms through which the PMR decrease.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Birth Weight Discordance and Adverse Infant Mortality among Monozygotic and Dizygotic Twins in Japan, 1995–2008

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Yoko Imaizumi
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Mz Twins ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractUsing vital statistics in Japan (1995–2008), 154,578 live-born twin pairs (128,236 monozygotic [MZ] and 180,920 dizygotic [DZ]) were identified. The proportion of severe discordance among live-born twin births was twice as high in Japanese than Caucasian infants. There were 1858 MZ and 1620 DZ infant deaths. Computation of the relationship between infant mortality rate and birth weight discordance among the twins was performed. Discordance levels were classified into seven groups: <5%, five groups from 5–9% to 25–29%, and ≥30%.The mortality rate was significantly higher in MZ than DZ twins for discordances except at 5–9% and 10–14%. The lowest rate for MZ twins was at 5–9% (7.5 per 1000 live twins) and significantly increased from 10–14% (9.4) to ≥30% (83.4), while the lowest rate for DZ twins was at <5% (6.7), which significantly increased at 10–14% (8.0) and from 25–29% (12.1) to ≥30% (35.5). The relationship was also computed in two gestational age groups (<28 and ≥28 weeks). For births at <28 weeks, three discordances (after 20–24%) in MZ twins were associated with adverse mortality rate. For births at ≥28 weeks, the same relationship was obtained after 10–14% in MZ and after 20–24% in DZ twins. The relationship from 2002 to 2008 showed that the mortality rates significantly increased after 10–14% for both types of twins. In conclusion, five discordance levels in MZ and three levels in DZ twins were associated with adverse mortality rates.

Concealed Infant Deaths in Turkey and Regional Inequality

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-217
Author(s):  
Onur Hamzaoglu
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Regional Inequality ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Secondary Purpose ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Republic Of Turkey

The primary purpose of the present study was to determine whether there are infant deaths not included in infant mortality rate calculations declared by the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health since 2009, and if so, to investigate the dimension of these deaths. The secondary purpose of this study was to calculate the presence, magnitude, and the direction of change of interregional inequalities over the years. The study revealed that infant mortality rates included in statistics by the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health since 2009 do not reflect real mortality rates and conceal 36% to 57% of infant deaths occurring annually. In addition, the study also showed an increase in interregional inequalities over the years with respect to infant mortality rates.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERISTICS OF INFANT DEATH RATE (2015-2019) IN UPTD PUSKESMAS JAPARA KUNINGAN DISTRICT, 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
Yona Septina ◽  
Luthfiah Zakiyah ◽  
Heri Hermansyah ◽  
Siti Nunung Nurjannah
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
P Value ◽  
Test Technique ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Birth Attendants

Infant mortality is a death incident that occurs in newborns up to <1 year of age. Infant mortality is measured as the infant mortality rate, which is the number of deaths for children under 1 year of age per 1000 births. According to WHO, the infant mortality rate in Indonesia reaches 27/1000 live births. Based on the health profile of West Java, the number of infant deaths in 2017 reached 3.4 / 1000 live births. In the UPTD Puskesmas Japara there are 34 cases of infant mortality. Infant mortality is caused by several factors, including maternal age, education, birth attendants, and parity. The research objective was to determine the analysis of the characteristics of the incidence of infant mortality in 2015-2019 at the UPTD Puskesmas Japara, Kuningan Regency. The research method used was quantitative with a retrospective design, taken from secondary data 2015-2019, the population in the study was all infant deaths in the UPTD Puskesmas Japara, amounting to 34 people. Selection of a sample of 34 people using the total sampling technique. The statistical test technique uses the Chi Square test. The results showed that there was a relationship between parity (p-value = 0.006) and there was no relationship between maternal age (p-value = 0.129), education (p-value = 0.156), birth attendants (p-value = 0.781) and death. babies in 2015-2019 at UPTD Puskesmas Japara, Kuningan Regency. It can be concluded that the incidence of infant mortality occurs in some mothers with no risk age, some mothers with primary education, some mothers with multiparity parity. Suggestions for health centers are expected to increase the priority of health programs in an effort to reduce the incidence of infant mortality.

scholarly journals Trends in Infant mortality rate and mortality for neonates born at less than 32 weeks and with very low birth weight

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 977-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Mauricio Barría-Pailaquilén ◽  
Yessy Mendoza-Maldonado ◽  
Yohana Urrutia-Toro ◽  
Cristian Castro-Mora ◽  
Gema Santander-Manríquez
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Year 2000

The aim of the study was to assess the trend of the infant mortality rate between 1990-2004 and the neonatal mortality between 2000-2005 in infants born at less than 32 weeks of gestational age or with very low birth-weight. Based on secondary data, infant mortality rate and by its component for Valdivia city were compared with national indicators. Mortality at <32 weeks and <1500g was calculated, establishing causes of death and evaluating its relation with specific interventions, such as the use of surfactant and antenatal corticoids. Since the year 2000, infant mortality rates have stopped their decrease in comparison to the preceding decade and the gap between national and local rates before 2000 was drastically reduced. Mortality at <32 weeks and <1500g varied between 88‰ and 200‰ of liveborns, emphasizing respiratory distress as the main cause of death. The use of corticoids and surfactant was in line with reductions in mortality rates.

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