Ultrasonographic Measurement of Fetal Foot Length and Femur/Foot Length Ratio in Second Trimester of Normal Pregnancy in Korean Women

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 715
Author(s):  
Eun Kyung Ji
Keyword(s):  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Length Ratio ◽  
Korean Women ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Foot Length

scholarly journals P09.10: Prenatal diagnosis of achondroplasia in the second trimester of pregnancy using the biparietal diameter/femur length ratio

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 183-183
Author(s):  
C. Veluppillai ◽  
J. Stirnemann ◽  
F. Djaafri ◽  
M. Bonniere ◽  
T. Attie Bitach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Length Ratio ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Femur Length ◽  
Biparietal Diameter

scholarly journals СONSECUTIVE INTEGRATION OF AVAILABLE MICROARRAY DATA FOR ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENTIAL GENE EXPRESSION IN HUMAN PLACENTA

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
O. Lykhenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Differential Gene Expression ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Human Placenta ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Integrative Analysis ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Placental Development ◽  
Differential Gene

The purpose of the study was to provide the pipeline for processing of publicly available unprocessed data on gene expression via integration and differential gene expression analysis. Data collection from open gene expression databases, normalization and integration into a single expression matrix in accordance with metadata and determination of differentially expressed genes were fulfilled. To demonstrate all stages of data processing and integrative analysis, there were used the data from gene expression in the human placenta from the first and second trimesters of normal pregnancy. The source code for the integrative analysis was written in the R programming language and publicly available as a repository on GitHub. Four clusters of functionally enriched differentially expressed genes were identified for the human placenta in the interval between the first and second trimester of pregnancy. Immune processes, developmental processes, vasculogenesis and angiogenesis, signaling and the processes associated with zinc ions varied in the considered interval between the first and second trimester of placental development. The proposed sequence of actions for integrative analysis could be applied to any data obtained by microarray technology.

scholarly journals Glycaemic profile in the second and third trimesters of normal pregnancy compared to non-pregnant adult females

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aruna Nigam ◽  
Neha Varun ◽  
Sumedha Sharma ◽  
YP Munjal ◽  
Anupam Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Glycaemic Variability ◽  
The Third ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Mean Blood Glucose

Aim To assess the glycaemic profile and glycaemic variation in the second and third trimesters of normal pregnancies. Methodology Healthy pregnant women aged 19–35 years between 24 and 36 weeks of gestation were recruited for ambulatory glucose profile monitoring. A total of 18 women in the second trimester, 15 women in the third trimester and 9 healthy non-pregnant women were recruited providing, respectively, 205 days (19,680 data points), 147 days (14,112 data points) and 100 days (9,600 data points) for analysis. Results Mean blood glucose level was 20.2% lower in the second trimester and 10.6% lower in the third trimester than non-pregnant women (p < 0.001). In pregnancy, it took 15 to 20 minutes more to reach peak postprandial blood glucose levels compared to non-pregnant women (p = 0.003). Glycaemic variability was more in the third trimester (p < 0.001). Conclusion There is tight blood sugar control along with lower mean blood glucose in healthy pregnant women compared to non-pregnant women. Despite this tight glycaemic control, glycaemic variability is higher during pregnancy.

Function of the Windlass Mechanism in Excessively Pronated Feet

2001 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 245-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Aquino ◽  
Craig Payne
Keyword(s):  
Subtalar Joint ◽  
Gait Cycle ◽  
Length Ratio ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Foot Length ◽  
Joint Axis ◽  
Visual Evidence ◽  
Foot Function ◽  
Axis Position ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

The foot postures of 39 subjects were evaluated for excessive pronation by means of six static weightbearing and five nonweightbearing measurements, and two types of footprint indexes. Visual evidence of windlass function was recorded by video. Chi-square analysis revealed that excessive pronation does not affect the establishment of the windlass mechanism. The position of the forefoot relative to the rearfoot, subtalar joint axis position, and navicular drift/foot length ratio were significantly associated with dynamic windlass function. These results suggest that selected static measurements may have value in predicting some aspects of dynamic foot function during the propulsive phase of the gait cycle. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 91(5): 245-250, 2001)

Is normal pregnancy atherogenic?

1999 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. MARTIN ◽  
C. DAVIES ◽  
S. HAYAVI ◽  
A. HARTLAND ◽  
F. DUNNE
Keyword(s):  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Serum Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Ldl Subfractions ◽  
Normal Gestation

Serum cholesterol, triacylglycerols and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) subfractions were determined in 120 primagravid women during normal gestation (40 in each trimester) and in 20 non-pregnant age-matched controls. LDL subfractions were determined by PAGE, and an LDL score was calculated. The higher the score, the smaller the subfractions. The objective of the study was to determine the effects of the hyperlipidaemia, high oestrogen concentrations and insulin resistance known to exist in normal pregnancy on LDL subfraction formation. Pregnant women had an increased mean serum cholesterol concentration [5.78 (S.D. 1.09) mmol/l] in the first trimester compared with the non-pregnant controls [5.11 (0.77) mmol/l; P< 0.01]. The serum cholesterol concentration increased progressively throughout gestation to a mean of 8.14 (1.39) mmol/l in the third trimester (P< 0.001 compared with the second trimester). Triacylglycerol concentrations in the first trimester were similar to those of controls, and there was a non-significant increase by the second trimester to 1.32 (0.44) mmol/l. However, by the third trimester the mean triacylglycerol concentration had doubled [2.58 (0.98) mmol/l; P< 0.001 compared with the first and second trimester]. During gestation the LDL score increased dramatically, from 1.17 (0.39) during the first trimester to 2.01 (0.37) in the second trimester (P< 0.001) to 2.73 (0.48) in the third trimester (P< 0.001 compared with the second trimester). Thus an atherogenic lipid profile develops during normal gestation. The significance of these changes remains unclear, but thay may have important implications for mother and foetus.

Complement factors in fetal and maternal blood and amniotic fluid during the second trimester of normal pregnancy

1988 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. STABILE ◽  
J. G. GRUDZINSKAS ◽  
K. H. N1COLAIDES ◽  
C. RODECK ◽  
A. BACH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Complement Factors

Prediction of placental pathology during the second trimester of pregnancy using a new risk assessment scale and fetal cardiotocography

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
R.S. Zamaleeva ◽  
◽  
N.A. Cherepanova ◽  
A.V. Frizina ◽  
E.Yu. Yupatov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Assessment Scale ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Placental Pathology ◽  
Perinatal Complications

Objective. Рreclinical prognosis of placental pathology (PP) during the second trimester of pregnancy using a new risk assessment scale and fetal cardiotocography (CTG). Patients and methods. This retrospective study included 264 patients who had undergone risk assessment during the first trimester of pregnancy using the conventional scale followed by reassessment on weeks 12–15 using the new scale. There were 102 women with PP and 162 women with normal pregnancy and delivery. We also performed prospective analysis of CTG results obtained during the second trimester. Results. The calculation of the risk for perinatal complications during the first trimester using the conventional scale demonstrated that 31% of women had PP. After recalculating the risks in the beginning of the second trimester, we found that 90% of women had PP; there was a threefold increase in the accuracy of prognosis. Women with pathological variants of CTG and risk of PP were 1.34 times more likely to have delayed fetal growth, 1.8 times more likely to develop preeclampsia, 2.6 times more likely to have preterm birth, 1.2 times more likely to have gestational hypertension, and 1.75 times more likely to have neonatal morbidity compared to women at risk of PP, but with normal CTG variants during the second trimester. Conclusion. Combination of the new risk assessment scale and CTG during the second trimester helps to identify women at risk of gestational pathology and to find and optimal tactics of their management. Key words: CTG, placental pathology, placental insufficiency, risk scale

scholarly journals Lipid Profile of Healthy Women During Normal Pregnancy

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita Diareme ◽  
Petros Karkalousos ◽  
Georgos Theodoropoulos ◽  
Stefanos Strouzas ◽  
Nikos Lazanas
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
C 30

Lipid Profile of Healthy Women During Normal PregnancyThe four basic lipid indexes (Chol, Trig, HDL-C and LDL-C) increase during pregnancy, following different rates of increase. Among the four analytes triglycerides show the largest increase and HDL-C the smallest. All analyte values are raised during the 40 weeks of pregnancy, except HDL-C which is stabilized during the second trimester. After delivery the values decrease, except LDL-C which remains steady (for some weeks) before starting to fall following the others. In this study the relations between the four lipid indexes and some predisposing factors (age, gestational age, nationality, body mass index, profession, smoking and diabetes during pregnancy) were investigated. The sample consisted of 413 pregnant women, mainly Greeks and Albanians. After regression analysis it was proved that the only common predisposing factor was the gestational age. Triglycerides and total cholesterol are also influenced by the women's age. The lipid indexes showed no important difference between the pregnant women in the first trimester and the non-pregnant women. On the contrary, there was a statistical difference between the pregnant women in the second and third trimester and between them and the women in the first trimester. The percentages of increase between first and second trimester were: Chol: 38%, Trig: 115%, HDL-C: 30%, LDL-C: 33%. The percentages of increase between first and third trimester were: Chol: 65%, Trig: 208%, HDL-C: 26%, LDLC: 64%.

scholarly journals Case Report: Gastric Carcinoma Diagnosed at the Second Trimester of Pregnancy

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tayfur Cift ◽  
Begüm Aydogan ◽  
Murat Akbaş ◽  
Burcu Aydın ◽  
Fuat Demirkiran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Metastatic Gastric Cancer ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Cancer In Pregnancy ◽  
Very High ◽  
In Pregnancy

We report a rare case of gastric cancer in pregnancy. A 26-year-old woman presented at the 20th week of pregnancy complaining of nausea and vomiting. Although the patient considered the condition to be related with pregnancy and underestimated its importance, her complaints persisted over the following weeks and she was hospitalized for investigation. The diagnostic workup revealed a metastatic gastric cancer. Gastric cancer is very rare in pregnancy, and therefore it may be left out of differential diagnosis by physicians. Diagnosis may be further delayed because of overlapping symptoms occurring during normal pregnancy (nausea, vomiting, and fatigue). All these factors may contribute to a very high mortality of this malignancy during pregnancy.

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