scholarly journals Predicting mussel population density and age structure: the relationship between model complexity and predictive power

2000 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 131-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
RA Stillman ◽  
S McGrorty ◽  
JD Goss-Custard ◽  
AD West
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Age Structure ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Model Complexity ◽  
Mussel Population ◽  
The Relationship

Letters to the Editor

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1058-1059
Author(s):  
WILLIAM A. SILVERMAN
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Specific Recommendation ◽  
Letters To The Editor ◽  
Airborne Infection ◽  
The Relationship

I was saddened to read that Doctor Harvie thinks the Committee on Fetus and Newborn has contributed to creeping authoritarianism by making a specific recommendation after evaluating evidence concerning the relationship between "spacing out" and airborne infection in hospital nurseries. Moreover I think he has misinterpreted the Committee's recommendations if he believes that they have advised nurseries to place sole reliance on reducing population density in order to minimize the risk of nosocomial infections. As Doctor Harvie comments, different modes of spread may be involved in the various types of infection that can be acquired in a newborn nursery.

Influence of fruit age of the Brazilian Green Dwarf coconut on the relationship between Aceria guerreronis population density and percentage of fruit damage

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Silva Guimarães Sousa ◽  
Poliane Sá Argolo ◽  
Manoel Guedes Correa Gondim ◽  
Gilberto José de Moraes ◽  
Anibal Ramadan Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Aceria Guerreronis ◽  
Fruit Damage ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Trust Mediating Reliability–Reliance Relationship in Supervisory Control of Human–Swarm Interactions

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 1237-1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aya Hussein ◽  
Sondoss Elsawah ◽  
Hussein A. Abbass
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Supervisory Control ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Trust In Automation ◽  
The Relationship

Objective This work aims to further test the theory that trust mediates the interdependency between automation reliability and the rate of human reliance on automation. Background Human trust in automation has been the focus of many research studies. Theoretically, trust has been proposed to impact human reliance on automation by mediating the relationship between automation reliability and the rate of human reliance. Experimentally, however, the results are contradicting as some confirm the mediating role of trust, whereas others deny it. Hence, it is important to experimentally reinvestigate this role of trust and understand how the results should be interpreted in the light of existing theory. Method Thirty-two subjects supervised a swarm of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in foraging missions in which the swarm provided recommendations on whether or not to collect potential targets, based on the information sensed by the UAVs. By manipulating the reliability of the recommendations, we observed changes in participants’ trust and their behavioral responses. Results A within-subject mediation analysis revealed a significant mediation role of trust in the relationship between swarm reliability and reliance rate. High swarm reliability increased the rate of correct acceptances, but decreased the rate of correct rejections. No significant effect of reliability was found on response time. Conclusion Trust is not a mere by-product of the interaction; it possesses a predictive power to estimate the level of reliance on automation. Application The mediation role of trust confirms the significance of trust calibration in determining the appropriate level of reliance on swarm automation.

scholarly journals Reproduction and population structure of the sea cucumber Holothuria tubulosa in the Dardanelles Strait, Turkey

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. DERELİ ◽  
S. TÜRK ÇULHA ◽  
M. ÇULHA ◽  
B. H. ÖZALP ◽  
A. A. TEKİNAY
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Mediterranean Populations ◽  
Reproductive Patterns ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

In this study, Holothuria tubulosa Gmelin 1791 was investigated from April 2013 to March 2014 in the Dardanelles Strait, to outline the morphological characteristics, reproductive patterns and the relationship between population characteristics and environmental parameters. Between 15 and 30 individuals of this species were sampled monthly from three stations. There was a negative allometry between length and weight, being gutted weight the most reliable measurement for this species. Reproductive patterns of the species were identified the first time for Turkish coasts. By macroscopic examination of the gonads, smallest sizes (gutted length) were measured as 8.4 and 8.1 cm for female and male, respectively. Sex ratio was calculated as 1: 1.1 with differences between seasons. The reproduction of sea cucumbers occurred between August and September after Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) values reached their maximum in July. The species was found down to 10 m depth with a population density of 0.21 / m2, which was rather low compared to previously reported values for Mediterranean populations of this species. There was a high positive correlation between population density and GSI of the species. The highest population density was observed where the largest sea grass meadows are found.

scholarly journals Controversial approach to wolf management in the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jana Lososová ◽  
Jindřiška Kouřilová ◽  
Nikola Soukupová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Management Programme ◽  
Wolf Population ◽  
Public Funds ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Wolf Management ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The Relationship

Expansion of the wolf in the Czech Republic results in an increasing conflict between nature conservationists and other landscape users. In March 2020, the Ministry of the Environment of the Czech Republic issued the "Wolf Management Programme". The document provoked negative reactions from organisations of farmers, breeders, and hunters. The article deals with the key issues triggered by the conflict and the attitudes of actors involved. We want to clarify to what extent the solutions designed by individual parties help to mitigate the conflict and how the financial demands related to this issue have been evolving. The problem may seem marginal in the Czech Republic, but the wolf population density in some regions may already be close to its bearable maximum. Key problems are the identification of specific target numbers of wolves, the absence of zoning as a future option, and clear rules for dealing with direct encounters of wolves with humans. The benefit of wolf management is primarily the sum of preventive measures it aims to address, but the relationship with other main actors and the area of education and promotion is debatable as it represents a further increase in the absorption of public funds without guarantees of effectiveness.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Social Vulnerability and COVID-19 Incidence Among Louisiana Census Tracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin N. Biggs ◽  
Patrick M. Maloney ◽  
Ariane L. Rung ◽  
Edward S. Peters ◽  
William T. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Social Vulnerability ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Social Vulnerability Index ◽  
Census Tracts ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Choropleth Maps ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: To examine the association between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)'s Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) and COVID-19 incidence among Louisiana census tracts.Methods: An ecological study comparing the CDC SVI and census tract-level COVID-19 case counts was conducted. Choropleth maps were used to identify census tracts with high levels of both social vulnerability and COVID-19 incidence. Negative binomial regression with random intercepts was used to compare the relationship between overall CDC SVI percentile and its four sub-themes and COVID-19 incidence, adjusting for population density.Results: In a crude stratified analysis, all four CDC SVI sub-themes were significantly associated with COVID-19 incidence. Census tracts with higher levels of social vulnerability were associated with higher COVID-19 incidence after adjusting for population density (adjusted RR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.41-1.65).Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that increased social vulnerability is linked with COVID-19 incidence. Additional resources should be allocated to areas of increased social disadvantage to reduce the incidence of COVID-19 in vulnerable populations.

scholarly journals Predictor Variables of Childbearing Motivations in Brazilian Women and Men

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuliana Violeta Vasquez Varas ◽  
Juliane Callegaro Borsa
Keyword(s):  
Family Of Origin ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Partner Relationship ◽  
Difference Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regressions ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This study aimed to analyze the relationships between positive (PCM), negative (NCM) childbearing motivations and psychological, sociodemographic, family of origin and partner relationship variables in a sample of 1969 Brazilians (83.6% female), aged 18 to 50 years (M = 29.27; SD = 5.97). Spearman correlations, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal Wallis U-tests, and multiple regressions were performed. The results of the correlations and multiple regressions verified the relationship between both motivations and the various variables postulated. It was also verified that religiosity was the variable with greater predictive power for PCM and having or not having children was the variable with greater predictive power for NCM. In the group difference analysis, significant differences were found for PCM according to occupation, type of relationship, and presence/absence of a partner. As for the NCM, significant differences were found according to sex.

scholarly journals Using Astragalus to Model Body Mass, Habitat Preference, and Population Density of Prehistoric Bovid Duboisia santeng (Dubois, 1891) in Eastern Java island in The Early Pleistocene

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andri Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Habitat Preference ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
The Body ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
Large Herbivores ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Fossil Records ◽  
The Relationship

Astragalus bone is one of the most important fossil records as it can reconstruct the prehistoric life. Respectively, this study aims to model the body mass, habitat preference, and population density of prehistoric bovid Duboisia santeng (Dubois 1891) in eastern Java island in the early Pleistocene. The astragali from 9 specimens were used to estimate the body mass and population density. Likewise regression models are used to analyze the relationship between astragalus lateral length, width, and body mass compared to the astragalus of extant Bovid species. The result revealed the body mass average was 60.3 kg (95%CI: 58.9-61.7) and this indicates the D. santeng belongs to large herbivores. While the population density was estimated at about 5.39 individuals per km2 (95% CI: 3.18-7.6).

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