scholarly journals Antioxidant and vascular effects of gliclazide in type 2 diabetic rats fed high-at diet

2009 ◽  
pp. 203-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
CM Sena ◽  
T Louro ◽  
P Matafome ◽  
E Nunes ◽  
P Monteiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Atherogenic Diet ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Vascular Effects ◽  
Systemic Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Diabetes mellitus is characterized by oxidative stress, which in turn determines endothelial dysfunction. Gliclazide is a sulphonylurea antidiabetic drug with antioxidant effects due to its azabicyclo-octyl ring. It has been reported to potentially protect the vasculature through improvements in plasma lipid levels and platelet function. We hypothesized that gliclazide has a beneficial effect on endothelial function in Goto-Kakizaki rats (GK), an animal model of type 2 diabetes fed an atherogenic diet for 4 months. We evaluated the influence of gliclazide on both metabolic and oxidative status and NO-mediated vasodilation. GKAD rats showed increased oxidative stress and impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation. GKAD rats treated with gliclazide showed increased sensitivity to NO-mediated vasodilation, a significant decrease in fasting glycemia and insulinemia, and a significant decrease in systemic oxidative stress. In conclusion, our results suggest that gliclazide treatment improves NO-mediated vasodilation in diabetic GK rats with dyslipidemia probably due to its antioxidant effects, although we cannot rule out substantial benefits due to a reduction in fasting blood glucose. The availability of a compound that simultaneously decreases hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and inhibits oxidative stress is a promising therapeutic candidate for the prevention of vascular complications of diabetes.

scholarly journals Protective effects of the traditional herbal formulation on oxidative stress, learning and memory in the animal model of type 2 diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-184
Author(s):  
Dara Dastan ◽  
◽  
Iraj Salehi ◽  
Alireza Komaki ◽  
Alireza Gharib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Herbal Formulation ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most frequent metabolic diseases that affect various body systems. Cognitive impairment caused by diabetes is gaining more acceptance and attention. In this study, we have investigated the effects of a traditionally herbal formulation (THF) on oxidative stress (OS) and cognitive deficits in type 2 diabetic rats. Methods: Thirty-six male Wistar rats were divided into six groups: control group, diabetic group, diabetic+100, 200 or 300mg/kg THF, diabetic+glibenclamide (G) 5mg/kg. Streptozotocin-nicotinamide was used to induce type-II diabetes mellitus. Spatial and passive avoidance learning and memory function were evaluated by Morris Water Maze (MWM), novel object recognition test (NORT) and open field test (OFT). The OS biomarkers were also analyzed. The THF was standardized using RP-HPLC according to phenolic and flavonoids compounds. Results: Indicated that in the diabetic treated (300mg/kg THF and G) vs. diabetic groups, body weight and insulin were significantly increased and the levels of fasting blood glucose significantly reduced. OS was improved in the treated (300mg/kg THF) groups. Furthermore, we noticed that diabetic treated groups (300mg/kg THF) vs. diabetes caused in significant decreases of the travelled distance and escape latency to find the hidden platform, also increased in the time spent and travelled distance in the target quadrant in MWM test, exploration time in NORT and total distance moved in OFT. Conclusion: These findings suggest that THF ameliorated learning and memory deficits in type 2 diabetic rats via reducing OS. THF can be used with a caution against human DM.

scholarly journals Assessment of Antioxidant Effects of Aqueous, Ethanolic and Methanolic Extracts of Morus mesozygia Linn. Stapf., Leaves in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
Marcella Tari Joshua ◽  
Edna O. Nwachuku ◽  
N. Boisa ◽  
Nsirim Nduka
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Aim: The aim of this study was therefore to assess the antioxidant effects of aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Morus mesozygia Linn. Stapf., Leaves in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Study Design:  The study is an experimental case-controlled study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at the Biochemistry Research Laboratory, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria, between June 2018-April 2019. Methodology: A total of 65 male albino rats that weighed between 150g to 200g were used for this research study. Three different extracted solvents; aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic leaves extracts were administered to different groups of the rats. The male albino rats for this study were induced with a single dose of 40mg/kg b.wt, intraperitoneally of streptozotocin in 0.1M of citrate buffer, pH 4.5. The diabetic male rats were those whose fasting blood glucose (FBG) were from 250 mg/dl or 13 mmol/L and above. Results: The results showed that there were significant increases in the levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD,411.8±1.49) ng/ml, total antioxidant status (TAS,75.25±0.42) mU/ml, total oxidant status (TOS,353.51± 6.07) mU/ml activity, an oxidative stress index of 4.69±0.05 and a reduced concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA of 19.0± 1.49 mmol/L) when rats were treated with 400mg/kg of aqueous leaves of Morus mesozygia Linn. S., when compared with those of rats treated with 200mg/kg of aqueous leaf extracts of MMLS. Other methods of extractions (methanolic and ethanolic), also improved the antioxidant statuses of the diabetes induced and treated rats. Conclusion: Methanolic, ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Morus mesozygia Linn. S ameliorated oxidative stress, in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, with the methanolic extract showing the most potent effect.

scholarly journals   1,25(OH)2D3 attenuates hepatic insulin resistance in rats with streptozotocin -induced diabetes via antioxidation    

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
GuoYu Huang ◽  
Runrong Ding ◽  
Yujing Zhang ◽  
Jiaojiao Gao ◽  
Wenjie Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Hepatic Insulin Resistance ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Aim: This study was conducted to explore the mechanism by which 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 ameliorates hepatic insulin resistance in rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetes. Methods: Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into five groups: normal, control, and 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 administered at 0.075, 0.15, and 0.3 μg/kg/d. Tissue and blood samples were obtained from all five groups after 4 and 12 weeks of treatment. Morphological changes in the livers were observed with HE staining. The levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin, and lipids were determined using an automatic biochemistry analyzer. The levels of hepatic glycogen, superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were analyzed by spectrophotometry. Protein expression of AKT and GLUT2 was examined by western blotting. Results: 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 treatment reduced the FBG content as well as hepatic MDA, AST, and ALT levels, improved the activity of SOD, and enhanced the expression of GLUT2 and AKT in diabetic rats. These findings suggest that 1,25(OH) 2 D 3, exerts antioxidant effects and ameliorates insulin resistance in the liver. Conclusion: 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 is a potential agent that could be used in the treatment of insulin resistance in the liver.

Exercise and Stevia Rebaudiana (R) Extracts Attenuate Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Rats: Possible Underlying Mechanisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1117-1132
Author(s):  
Abdelaziz M. Hussein ◽  
Elsayed A. Eid ◽  
Ismaeel Bin-Jaliah ◽  
Medhat Taha ◽  
Lashin S. Lashin
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background and Aims: In the current work, we studied the effects of exercise and stevia rebaudiana (R) extracts on diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) in type 2 diabetic rats and their possible underlying mechanisms. Methods: : Thirty-two male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly allocated into 4 equal groups; a) normal control group, b) DM group, type 2 diabetic rats received 2 ml oral saline daily for 4 weeks, c) DM+ Exercise, type 2 diabetic rats were treated with exercise for 4 weeks and d) DM+ stevia R extracts: type 2 diabetic rats received methanolic stevia R extracts. By the end of the experiment, serum blood glucose, HOMA-IR, insulin and cardiac enzymes (LDH, CK-MB), cardiac histopathology, oxidative stress markers (MDA, GSH and CAT), myocardial fibrosis by Masson trichrome, the expression of p53, caspase-3, α-SMA and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) by immunostaining in myocardial tissues were measured. Results: T2DM caused a significant increase in blood glucose, HOMA-IR index, serum CK-MB and LDH, myocardial damage and fibrosis, myocardial MDA, myocardial α-SMA, p53, caspase-3, Nrf2 and TH density with a significant decrease in serum insulin and myocardial GSH and CAT (p< 0.05). On the other hand, treatment with either exercise or stevia R extracts significantly improved all studied parameters (p< 0.05). Moreover, the effects of stevia R was more significant than exercise (p< 0.05). Conclusion: Both exercise and methanolic stevia R extracts showed cardioprotective effects against DCM and Stevia R offered more cardioprotective than exercise. This cardioprotective effect of these lines of treatment might be due to attenuation of oxidative stress, apoptosis, sympathetic nerve density and fibrosis and upregulation of the antioxidant transcription factor, Nrf2.

scholarly journals Hypoglycemic and antioxidative activities of ethanol seed extract of Hunteria umbellate (Hallier F.) on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olubanke O. Ogunlana ◽  
Babatunde O. Adetuyi ◽  
Miracle Rotimi ◽  
lohor Esalomi ◽  
Alaba Adeyemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Group 5

Abstract Background Diabetes, a global cause of mortality in developing countries is a chronic disorder affecting the metabolism of macromolecules and has been attributed to the defective production and action of insulin characterized by persistent hyperglycemic properties. This global disorder harms organs of the body such as the liver, kidney and spleen. Medicinal plants such as Hunteria umbellate have been shown to possess hypoglycemic, antioxidative and anti-diabetic properties owing to the high concentration of active phytochemical constituents like flavonoids and alkaloids. The present study seeks to evaluate the hypoglycemic activities of ethanolic seed extract of Hunteria umbellate on streptozotocin-induced diabetes rats. Methods Thirty (30) female experimental rats were randomly divided into five groups with six rats per group and were administered streptozotocin (STZ) and Hunteria umbellate as follows. Group 1 served as control and was given only distilled water, group 2 rats were administered 60 mg/kg STZ; Group 3 was administered 60 mg/kg STZ and 100 mg/kg metformin; group 4 rats were administered 60 mg/kg STZ and 800 mg/kg Hunteria umbellate, group 5 rats 60 mg/kg STZ and 400 mg/kg Hunteria umbellate. The fasting blood glucose level of each rat was measured before sacrifice. Rats were then sacrificed 24 h after the last dose of treatment. Results The results showed that Hunteria umbellate significantly reversed STZ-induced increase in fasting blood glucose and increase in body and organs weight of rats. Hunteria umbellate significantly reversed STZ-induced decrease in antioxidant enzyme in liver, kidney and spleen of rats. Hunteria umbellate significantly reversed STZ-induced increase in oxidative stress markers in liver, kidney and spleen of rats. Conclusion Collectively, our results provide convincing information that inhibition of oxidative stress and regulation of blood glucose level are major mechanisms through which Hunteria umbellate protects against streptozotocin-induced diabketes rats.

scholarly journals Role of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling in heart and liver-related complications in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 030006052199759
Author(s):  
Jiajia Tian ◽  
Yanyan Zhao ◽  
Lingling Wang ◽  
Lin Li
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Primary Response ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1

Aims To analyze expression of members of the Toll-like receptor (TLR)4/myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88)/nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway in the heart and liver in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Our overall goal was to understand the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Methods We measured fasting blood glucose (FBG) and insulin (FINS) in a rat model of T2DM. Expression of members of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway as well as downstream cytokines was investigated. Levels of mRNA and protein were assessed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. Protein content of tissue homogenates was assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results Diabetic rats had lower body weights, higher FBG, higher FINS, and higher intraperitoneal glucose tolerance than normal rats. In addition, biochemical indicators related to heart and liver function were elevated in diabetic rats compared with normal rats. TLR4 and MyD88 were involved in the occurrence of T2DM as well as T2DM-related heart and liver complications. TLR4 caused T2DM-related heart and liver complications through activation of NF-κB. Conclusions TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling induces production of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, leading to the heart- and liver-related complications of T2DM.

scholarly journals An anxiolytic drug buspirone ameliorates hyperglycemia and endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetic rat model

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-404
Author(s):  
Tugba Gurpinar Çavuşoğlu ◽  
Ertan Darıverenli ◽  
Kamil Vural ◽  
Nuran Ekerbicer ◽  
Cevval Ulman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

AbstractObjectivesType 2 diabetes is a common metabolic disease and anxiety disorders are very common among diabetics. Buspirone is used in the treatment of anxiety, also having blood glucose-lowering effects. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of buspirone on the glucose and lipid metabolism as well as vascular function in type 2 diabetic rats.MethodsA type 2-diabetic model was induced through a high-fat diet for eight weeks followed by the administration of low-dose streptozotocin (35 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) in rats. Buspirone was given at two different doses (1.5 mg/kg/d and 5 mg/kg/d) and combined with metformin (300 mg/kg/d). The fasting glucose and insulin levels, lipid profile were analyzed, and vascular response measured from the thoracic aorta was also evaluated.ResultsBoth doses of buspirone caused a significant improvement in fasting blood glucose levels. In particular, the buspirone treatment, combined with metformin, improved endothelial dysfunction and was found to be correlated with decreased nitrate/nitrite levels.ConclusionsBuspirone may be effective in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, either alone or in combination with other treatments, particularly in terms of endothelial dysfunction, inflammation and impaired blood glucose, and insulin levels.

Mean Platelet Volume and Platelet Distribution Width Correlate with Microvascular Complications in Egyptian People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed I. Abd El-Ghany ◽  
Nahed Abdallah ◽  
Waleed Eldars
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Mean Platelet Volume ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Platelet Distribution Width ◽  
Platelet Volume ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Diabetic Microvascular Complications

Background: Type 2 diabetes is a part of metabolic syndrome associated with a higher risk of vascular complications. Diabetes is characterized by changes in platelet morphology, function, and platelet hyperactivity so, it's considered a prothrombotic condition. Morbidity and mortality in people with type 2 diabetes-related to micro and macrovascular complications. Novel biomarkers are needed to identify and treat people at higher risk. Objective: The main objective of this controlled cross-sectional study was to evaluate Platelet volume indices (PVI) in subjects with type 2 diabetes with and without complications in comparison to subjects without diabetes. Methods: Hundred and thirty-five subjects aged from 35 to 60 years were subdivided into 3 groups. Group A includes 55 subjects with type 2 diabetes with complications. Group B includes 45 subjects with type 2 diabetes without complications. Group C includes 35 normal healthy subjects. Detailed clinical history was taken. Also, PVI, fasting blood glucose (FBG), hemoglobin A1c, and creatinine were obtained. Results: Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), Platelet Distribution Width (PDW), Plateletcrit (PCT), and Platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR) were significantly higher among subjects with retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy than other subjects with diabetes who didn't develop complications (P<0.001). At cutoff value > 11.9 fL, MPV have diagnostic sensitivity 80% and specificity 97.8%. Whereas PDW >16.9fL has a sensitivity of 74.5% and specificity of 100% for diabetic microvascular complications (retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy). Conclusion: MPV and PDW may be considered as possible biomarkers for the early detection of diabetic microvascular complications.

Antidiabetic with antilipidemic and antioxidant effects of flindersine by enhanced glucose uptake through GLUT4 translocation and PPARγ agonism in type 2 diabetic rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 114883
Author(s):  
Santiagu Stephen Irudayaraj ◽  
Jacob Jincy ◽  
Christudas Sunil ◽  
Veeramuthu Duraipandiyan ◽  
Savarimuthu Ignacimuthu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Glut4 Translocation ◽  
Antioxidant Effects ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Antioxidant effects of Artemis sphaerocephala Krasch. gum, on streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin-Zhong Hu ◽  
Xiao-Hui Xing ◽  
Zheng-Mao Zhang ◽  
Rui-Qin Wu ◽  
Qingbin Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Effects ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic
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