scholarly journals EVALUATION OF FOUR PERENNIAL RYEGRASS CULTIVARS IN NEW ZEALAND

1987 ◽  
pp. 137-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.A. Kerr
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Yielding Ability ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Dry Areas ◽  
Large Plot ◽  
Sowing Seed

Four perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) cultivars have been evaluated at a range of summer-autumn drought prone sites in New Zealand. Evaluation has been carried out at seven repllcated large plot grazing trials sown with clover and one trial without clover evaluated under mowing. The cultivars with a low level of lolium endophyte (Acremonium loliae) infection, Ruanui and the majority of Nui lines, have displayed poor persistence. In summer-autumn dry areas, sowing seed with a high endophyte content appears the only alternative to obtain a persistent perennial ryegrass pasture. Within the high endophyte cultivars (Yatsyn 1, Ellett and some Nui lines), Yatsyn 1 has performed consistently well in terms of long term yielding ability, indicating persistence. Keywords: Lolium perenne, endophyte (Acremonium loliae), annual yields, seasonal yields, Ruanui, Nui, Ellett, Yatsyn 1.

scholarly journals Strategies to manage the evolution of glyphosate resistance in New Zealand

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 252-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.C. Harrington ◽  
T.K. James ◽  
M.D. Parker ◽  
H. Ghanizadeh
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
Glyphosate Resistance ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Sustainable Farming

The first cases of weeds developing resistance to glyphosate within New Zealand have recently been reported and investigated Both perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) populations have become resistant to glyphosate in several Marlborough vineyards due to many years of weed control using mainly just glyphosate Glyphosate is currently being used in many situations throughout New Zealand that could easily lead to further resistance developing such as in other perennial fruit crops on roadsides railways amenity areas waste areas fence lines and headlands of crops Following wide consultation as part of a Sustainable Farming Fund project strategies for resistance management in three systems (vineyard and orchards amenity and waste areas and crops and pastures) are suggested Adoption of these strategies will allow glyphosate to continue as a useful herbicide in New Zealand

scholarly journals Can pasture persistence be improved through the use of nonryegrass species?

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 157-162
Author(s):  
G.D. Milne
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Nutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Recent Discussion

Recent discussion about pasture persistence concentrates on pastures based on perennial ryegrass, the most commonly used grass species. This paper raises the question as to whether some of the causes of poor pasture persistence are due to perennial ryegrass being used in environments to which it is not suited. The adaptation to environmental stresses, particularly water, temperature and nutrient deficiencies, in different regions of New Zealand of tall fescue, cocksfoot, phalaris, and lucerne are discussed, and how this impacts on persistence advantages over perennial ryegrass. Keywords: persistence, pasture, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca arundinacea, Lolium perenne, Medicago sativa, Phalaris aquatica

Sulphate fertilization ameliorates long-term aluminum toxicity symptoms in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne)

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 88-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Wulff-Zottele ◽  
Holger Hesse ◽  
Joachim Fisahn ◽  
Mariusz Bromke ◽  
Hernán Vera-Villalobos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Aluminum Toxicity

scholarly journals Confirmation of glyphosate resistance in two species of ryegrass from New Zealand vineyards

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 89-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ghanizadeh ◽  
K.C. Harrington ◽  
T.K. James ◽  
D.J. Woolley
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Glyphosate Resistance ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Two Populations

Plants were obtained from two populations of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) and three populations of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) from different vineyards in Marlborough and Nelson that were suspected of being resistant to glyphosate following many consecutive applications of this herbicide over recent years Each population was multiplied by splitting out tillers and this was also done for plants taken from a population of each species from Manawatu pastures where they had not been exposed to glyphosate application A doseresponse experiment showed that four populations taken from the vineyards were about 10 times as resistant to glyphosate as those plants that had not been previously exposed to the herbicide The experiment was repeated and showed one perennial ryegrass population to have a 30fold level of resistance These are the first confirmed cases of glyphosate resistance within New Zealand

scholarly journals Creeping Bentgrass and Perennial Ryegrass Seedling Tolerance to Bispyribac-sodium

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 2186-2190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter H. Dernoeden ◽  
Steven J. McDonald ◽  
John E. Kaminski
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Agrostis Stolonifera ◽  
Severely Injured ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Sequential Treatments

Establishing creeping bentgrass [Agrostis stolonifera L. (CBG)] and perennial ryegrass [Lolium perenne L. (PRG)] from seed can be hampered by competition from annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.). Bispyribac-sodium (BPS) is a postemergence annual bluegrass herbicide that may have applications for use when establishing these grasses. This field study was undertaken to determine if BPS could be applied safely to CBG and PRG seedlings. Ethofumesate (ETHO) was applied sequentially (840 + 840 g·ha−1 a.i.) and served as a standard. In 2004, BPS was applied once (49, 74, 111, and 148 g·ha−1 a.i.) or sequentially (49 + 49 and 74 + 74 g·ha−1 a.i.) to CBG and PRG seedlings 4 weeks after emergence in Maryland. In 2004, BPS discolored CBG and PRG and reduced PRG cover, whereas ETHO reduced CBG cover but was not injurious to PRG. In 2005, a single (148 g·ha−1 a.i.) and sequential (25 + 25, 49 + 49 and 74 + 74 g·ha−1 a.i.) applications of BPS were made to CBG and PRG 2 and 4 weeks after seedling emergence (WASE) in Maryland and Connecticut. Treatments applied 2 WASE generally resulted in more injury when compared with applications made 4 WASE. In Maryland in 2005, CBG only sustained long-term loss of cover when treated 2 WASE with 148 g·ha−1 a.i. of BPS. The PRG was more sensitive to BPS and 148 g·ha−1 a.i. applied once and sequential treatments 49 g·ha−1 a.i. or greater applied 2 and 4 WASE generally caused the greatest loss in PRG cover. Conversely, CBG was severely injured by all BPS treatments and ETHO in Connecticut. In PRG, only 25 + 25 g·ha−1 a.i. of BPS and ETHO in both timings did not cause a loss in cover in Connecticut or Maryland. High levels of precipitation and probably other unknown factors may have enhanced the phytotoxicity observed in Connecticut. Ethofumesate generally was safer than BPS for use on PRG seedlings.

scholarly journals Identifying morphological traits associated with vegetative persistence in the perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) cultivar 'Grasslands Samson'

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 139-147
Author(s):  
Jessica R. O'Connor ◽  
James R. Crush ◽  
Zulfi Jahufer
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Tiller Number ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Lolium Perenne L ◽  
Genetic Shift

Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) vegetative persistence (maintained herbage growth and survival without reseeding) is an important economic trait for farmers in New Zealand as it decreases the frequency of reseeding pastures. Vegetative persistence is difficult to breed for due to a lack of long-term trials to observe the complex interactions between plant genotype and the environment. In a long-term trial a genetic shift in the sown cultivar population could occur as individual plants with advantageous traits outcompete other plants and survive. The objectives of our study were to investigate the occurrence of a potential genetic shift in a sample (30 plants) of a persistent population of ‘Grasslands Samson’ perennial ryegrass. Persistent plants were collected from a nine-year-old trial at Poukawa, Hawke's Bay. To identify a genetic shift, these plants were compared to a sample of 30 plants sourced from commercial seed of ‘Grasslands Samson’ representing the original population. This study estimated genotypic variation within and between the populations for eight morphological traits after 10 weeks' growth under glasshouse conditions. Phenotypic and genotypic correlations between the traits were estimated. Results showed that the persistent population had significantly (P<0.05) greater means for tiller number, reproductive tiller number, lamina sheath length, and dry weight. Future research studying these traits across farm environments would further understanding of their roles in vegetative persistence of ryegrass.

scholarly journals Agronomic performance of AR37-infected ryegrass in northern New Zealand

2007 ◽  
pp. 201-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.E. Hume ◽  
D.L. Ryan ◽  
B.M. Cooper ◽  
A.J. Popay
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Neotyphodium Lolii ◽  
Plant Persistence ◽  
African Black

The agronomic merits of a perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) cultivar infected with a new endophyte (Neotyphodium lolii), AR37, were compared with the same cultivar infected with currently available endophytes (AR1, Standard) at two sites in northern New Zealand for at least 3 years. AR37-infected ryegrass was the highest yielding treatment at both sites (11 080 kg DM/ ha/yr) producing more dry matter than either AR1 or Standard-infected ryegrass which yielded similar amounts (8870 kg DM/ha/yr). Yield advantages of AR37-infected ryegrass were greater at Kerikeri (36%) than Hamilton (17%), with differences increasing over successive years at both sites. At Hamilton, tiller populations were lowest in AR37-infected ryegrass in Year 2, and lowest in AR1- infected ryegrass 3 and 5 years after sowing. At both sites AR37-infected ryegrass had the lowest infestation scores for root aphid. At Hamilton in Year 4, more damage by African black beetle larvae occurred to AR1-infected plants than to AR37 and Standard-infected plants. These pests are likely to have contributed to the differences in agronomic performance observed. These agronomic results suggest AR37-infected ryegrass cultivars will be a useful choice for farmers in northern New Zealand. Keywords: endophyte, Neotyphodium lolii, perennial ryegrass, Lolium perenne, dry matter yields, plant persistence, root aphid, Aploneura lentisci, African black beetle, Heteronychus arator

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