scholarly journals Covid-19 and the environment – the role of the Public Health Institute

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Lea Ulm ◽  
Ana Klobucar ◽  
Sandra Sikic ◽  
Zvonimir Sostar ◽  
Mirjana Lana Kosanovic Licina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Adolescent Medicine ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Institute ◽  
Public Health Institute

The Croatian National Health Care Act defines the areas of activities of the public health institute, including the activities of the epidemiology of infectious diseases and chronic non-communicable diseases, public health, health promotion, environmental health, microbiology, school and adolescent medicine, mental health and addiction prevention at Zagreb City level. This paper reviews the highly variable activities in the Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health with the aim of promoting a comprehensive approach to the COVID-19 pandemic. Human and analytical resources in the Institute, activities and rapid implementation of innovations testify to the high capacities for adaptation to emerging risks. In the Institute, it is possible to carry out a whole range of tests and to monitor the environmental factors with predominant impact on human health and safety of the Zagreb environment. The supply of safe water for human consumption in the Republic of Croatia during the current COVID-19 crisis has been uninterrupted and in accordance with applicable legislation. Also, our laboratories have been developing and introducing a method for wastewater testing for SARS-CoV-2 presence. The sludge from wastewater treatment plants is used in agriculture, and potential risks associated with the COVID-19 outbreak should be assessed prior to each application on the soil. Increased use of disinfectants during the epidemic may present a higher risk to the aquatic environment. Air quality monitoring indicates a positive impact on air quality as result of isolation measures.

scholarly journals Risk Assessment and Adoption of Foodstuffs Sampling Plans for Microbiological Safety Based on the Results of Multiyear Food Sampling

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marin Kvaternik ◽  
Milena Todorović
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Food Analysis ◽  
Sampling Plans ◽  
The Public ◽  
Microbiological Safety ◽  
Health Institute ◽  
Regional Centre ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Public Health Institute

The goal of this paper is to point at the possibility of risk assessment and adoption of foodstuffs sampling plans for microbiological safety based on the results of multiyear food sampling. The results of microbiological food analysis performed in the Public Health Institute of the Republic of Srpska – Regional centre Doboj in the period 2015 – 2019 were used as a sample.

scholarly journals Contribution to the History of Serbian Medicine: Ten Years from the Introduction of Clostridium difficile into Microbiological Diagnostics in Serbia

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-240
Author(s):  
Predrag Stojanović ◽  
Branislava Kocić ◽  
Gorana Dragovac ◽  
Marina Randjelović ◽  
Vukica Pantović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Institute ◽  
Clinical Center ◽  
Toxigenic Strains ◽  
Scientific Meetings ◽  
Anaerobic Infections ◽  
Public Health Institute

SummaryIn Serbia, the first isolates ofC. difficilewere isolated in the Public Health Institute (PHI), Center for Microbiology in Niš, at the end of 2005.The National Reference Laboratory for Anaerobic Infections (NRLA) in PHI Niš confirmed the toxigenic strains that caused the first three registered hospital epidemics in Serbia, in 2006 at the Clinic of Neurology, Clinical Center Niš, in 2007 at the Clinical Center of Vojvodina in Novi Sad, and in 2009 in the General Hospital in Požarevac.In 2014,C. difficilespecies were isolated for the first time from 175 environment samples in the research studies which were conducted in NRLA of PHI Niš. In the samples of soil taken from the ground within the Clinical Center Niš, those taken from the parks at the territory of the Municipality of Niš, samples of mud and sand around the illegal sewage systems at the territory of the Municipality of Niška Banja, a small number of bacteriaC. difficileproducing the toxins (A+B+) as well as non-toxigenic isolates (A−B−) were found.Results of the first epidemiological investigations of cases of diarrhea associated with prior antibiotic treatment applied in hospitalized patients in a number of health centers in our country, microbiological investigations done in the Public Health Institute, valuable discussions at professional and scientific meetings influenced the general attitude that isolation and identification ofC. difficileand/or detection of toxin produced by this bacteria should be part of the routine work in the Serbian microbiological laboratories.

scholarly journals Mumps outbreak in young adults following a village festival in the Navarra region, Spain, August 2006

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (45) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Gerstel ◽  
A Lenglet ◽  
M García Cenoz
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Institute ◽  
Public Health Institute

On 10 August 2006, 12 cases of mumps were notified from a village of around 3500 inhabitants in Navarra, northern Spain. In 2005, the Public Health Institute of Navarra

Public health implications of waste water reuse for fish production

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. El-S. Easa ◽  
M. M. Shereif ◽  
A. I. Shaaban ◽  
K. H. Mancy
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Fresh Water Fish ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Treated Effluent

Public health and safety concerns have traditionally been the main reasons for resisting waste water reuse for fish farming. Potential adverse health effects in such applications could be avoided if the waste is sufficiently treated before reuse. In a full scale demonstration study in Suez, Egypt, about 400 m3/d of raw sewage were treated using a multi-compartment stabilization pond system, for a total residence time from 21-26 days. The treated effluent conformed to WHO guidelines and was used for rearing two types of local fish (tilapia and gray mullet). The produced fish were subjected to an extensive monitoring program. Bacteriological examination revealed that in all samples the fish muscles were free of bacterial contaminants. Nevertheless, low levels of Escherichia coli andAeromonas hydrophila, were isolated from the surface of the fish. Salmonellae, shigellae and staphylococcus aureus were absent from the surface of all the fish sampled. In addition, toxic metals (Pb, Cu, Zn, and Cd) were found to be at much lower levels than the international advisory limits for human consumption. It is concluded that fish reared in the treated effluent at Suez Experimental Station is (a) suitable for marketing for human consumption, and (b) it's quality is equal or better than fresh water fish in Egypt.

Construction and improvement of the public health system in conditions of normalization of epidemic prevention and control (on the example of PRC)

2021 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
D. Yang ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Chinese Communist Party ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
The Public ◽  
Control Of Epidemics ◽  
And Control ◽  
Great Victory

New coronavirus pneumonia has had a significant impact on people's health and safety since the outbreak in the early 2020. The latest version of the new coronavirus pneumonia virus is still spreading around the world. China's public health system has passed a severe test: under the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party and the joint efforts of people of all ethnic groups, China won a great victory in the anti-epidemic campaign. Nevertheless, the public health system has also identified some challenges that need to be actively addressed in the area of medicine and health during the prevention and control of epidemics. This article deals with these issues.

Relaxing Regulatory Controls: Vendor Advocacy and Rights in Mobile Food Vending

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ginette Wessel
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
The United States ◽  
Motivating Factors ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
The Public ◽  
Regulatory Decision ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
Regulatory Controls

Beginning in 2008, city policymakers across the nation became increasingly involved in regulatory debates and policy revisions surrounding mobile food vending. Despite vendors’ abilities to reactivate neglected urban areas and increase food access for underserved neighborhoods, many issues related to unfair competition, public health and safety, and prejudices continue to dominate regulatory frameworks that limit vendors’ entrepreneurial freedoms and spatial opportunities. Using three regulatory conflicts between food vendors and policymakers, this chapter highlights the motivating factors that can guide regulatory decision-making and the ways vendors destabilize and shape formal mechanisms of regulatory control. Topics include public health, restaurant protectionism, and cultural injustice at both state and city levels. This research suggests that despite rigid regulatory policies and the variety of economic, social, and political factors that influence governments’ responses to mobile food vending, active municipal investment in the public realm combined with vendors’ grassroots efforts can generate just policies. The chapter concludes with a discussion on the significance of vendor advocacy and the supportive roles of food vending organizations across the United States to illustrate the ways vendors increase social justice in cities.

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