scholarly journals Relationships With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus of the Basic Parameters of Urine Acid Metabolism With Indicators of Insulin Resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-128
Author(s):  
I. Madyanov
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Tyg Index ◽  
Insulin Dependent

Hyperuricemia (HU) occurs in one third of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM 2). The formation of HU in DM 2 is due to metabolic factors and impaired renal function. At the stage of prediabetes, GU reveals a connection with insulin resistance (IR), it is not clear to what extent this phenomenon is associated with an increase in uricemia in DM 2. Direct assessment of IR in patients with DM 2 is difficult. There are methods for indirect estimation of IR based on the calculation of indices using the results of simple laboratory tests. These indices are based on the determination of fasting plasma levels of triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) — TG/HDL-C, TG and glucose — TyG index, as well as TG, HDL-C and glucose — MI (metabolic index). The aim of the study was to study the relationship in patients DM 2 between the main indicators of uric acid metabolism and the TG/HDL-C index, TyG index, and MI. 368 patients with DM 2 an average age of 55.8 years, and an average disease duration of 7.2 years were examined. There were 147 men, 221 women. The connection of uricemia with TG/HDL-C was established (Rs=0.2, p=0.03). In the non-insulin-dependent course of DM 2, uricemia was positively correlated with TG/HDL-C (Rs=0.21, p=0.03), negative relations of renal clearance of urates with TG/HDL-C (Rs=0.34, p=0.007) and fractional clearance of urates with TyG (Rs =−0.27, p=0.007) were recorded. In the insulin-dependent course of DM 2, a positive association of TyG with uricuria (Rs=0.44, p=0.03) and a negative correlation with GGFRT, the main enzyme for purine reuse (Rs=−0.44, p=0.03), were revealed. The results obtained do not contradict the previously established patterns of uric acid metabolism in DM 2. The conclusion is made on the feasibility of using the TG/HDL-C index as an indicator of metabolic disorders of uric acid and IR in DM 2. In the insulin-dependent course of DM2, TyG index becomes important, an increase in which is associated with increased catabolism of purines and their insufficient reutilization.

scholarly journals Effects of Encapsulated Propolis on Blood Glycemic Control, Lipid Metabolism, and Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yajing Li ◽  
Minli Chen ◽  
Hongzhuan Xuan ◽  
Fuliang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Density Lipoprotein

The present study investigates the encapsulated propolis on blood glycemic control, lipid metabolism, and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats. The animal characteristics and biological assays of body weight, fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting serum insulin (FINS), insulin act index (IAI), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured and euglycemic hyperinsulinemic glucose clamp technique were used to determine these effects. Our findings show that oral administration of encapsulated propolis can significantly inhibit the increasing of FBG and TG in T2DM rats and can improve IAI and M value in euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp experiment. There was no significant effects on body weight, TC, HDL-C, and LDL-C in T2DM rats treated with encapsulated propolis. In conclusion, the results indicate that encapsulated propolis can control blood glucose, modulate lipid metabolism, and improve the insulin sensitivity in T2DM rats.

scholarly journals Insulin Resistance Remission Following Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy in Chinese Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients With a Body Mass Index of 27.5–32.5 kg/m2

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Luo ◽  
Yaoquan Cao ◽  
Pengzhou Li ◽  
Guohui Wang ◽  
Zhi Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Composite Endpoint ◽  
Tyg Index

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) is closely associated with the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, remission of insulin sensitivity after bariatric surgery in patients with T2DM and a body mass index (BMI) of 27.5–32.5 kg/m2 has not been fully elucidated.Methods: Thirty-six T2DM patients with a BMI of 27.5–32.5 kg/m2 were prospectively consecutively recruited for laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) or laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). Hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and other indicators were tested at baseline and 6 months postoperative. Glucose disposal rate (GDR), time to reach euglycemia, homeostatic model assessment of IR, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, 30-min insulinogenic index (IGI30), and disposition index (DI) were calculated at baseline and 6 months after surgery. The criterion for remission in T2DM patients was the achievement of the triple composite endpoint.Results: Anthropometric and glucolipid metabolism parameters significantly improved following surgery. The GDR increased significantly from baseline to 6 months after LRYGB (from 4.28 ± 1.70 mg/kg/min to 8.47 ± 1.89 mg/kg/min, p < 0.0001) and LSG (from 3.18 ± 1.36 mg/kg/min to 7.09 ± 1.69 mg/kg/min, p < 0.001). The TyG index decreased after surgery (RYGB group, from 9.93 ± 1.03 to 8.60 ± 0.43, p < 0.0001; LSG group, from 10.04 ± 0.79 to 8.72 ± 0.65, p = 0.0002). There was a significant reduction in the IGI30 (RYGB group, from 2.04 ± 2.12 to 0.83 ± 0.47, p = 0.005; LSG group, from 2.12 ± 1.73 to 0.92 ± 0.66, p = 0.001). The mean DI significantly increased from 1.14 ± 1.35 to 7.11 ± 4.93 in the RYGB group (p = 0.0001) and from 1.25 ± 1.78 to 5.60 ± 4.58 in the LSG group (p = 0.003). Compared with baseline, HOMR-IR, QUICKI, area under the curve-C-peptide release test (AUC-CRT), and AUC-OGTT were significantly changed at 6 months postoperative. Overall, 52.63% of patients in the LRYGB group versus 29.41% of patients in the LSG group achieved the triple composite endpoint.Conclusion: Both LRYGB and LSG effectively induced remission of IR in patients with T2DM and a BMI of 27.5–32.5 kg/m2.

scholarly journals Bariatric surgery as a model to explore the basis and consequences of the Reaven hypothesis: Small, dense low-density lipoprotein and interleukin-6

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safwaan Adam ◽  
Yifen Liu ◽  
Tarza Siahmansur ◽  
Jan H Ho ◽  
Shaishav S Dhage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density

Background: Reaven originally described the clustering of insulin resistance/hyperinsulinaemia, obesity (particularly visceral), altered cytokine levels, glucose intolerance, hypertriglyceridaemia and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Subsequently, a potentially highly atherogenic small, dense low-density lipoprotein was also reported. We have studied the effect of bariatric surgery on this and other risk factors for atherosclerosis. Methods: Forty patients (20 with type 2 diabetes mellitus) undergoing bariatric surgery were studied before and 1 year after bariatric surgery. Results: Twelve months after bariatric surgery, median body mass index had decreased from 49.5 to 36.5 kg/m2, fasting insulin from 21.3 to 7.8 mU/L and insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance) from 5.9 to 1.8 (all p < 0.001). Thirteen out of 20 patients had remission from type 2 diabetes mellitus. Highly sensitive C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, fasting triglycerides ( p < 0.001) and small, dense low-density lipoprotein ( p < 0.001) decreased, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased ( p < 0.001) significantly, irrespective of having type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or being treated with statin therapy before surgery. Conclusion: The association between marked weight loss and change in insulin resistance and hyperinsulinaemia with the change in small, dense low-density lipoprotein and interleukin-6 warrants further investigation. Bariatric surgery provides a model for investigating the mechanisms linking insulin resistance/hyperinsulinaemia to atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Study on Association of Serum Uric Acid and Calcium with Insulin and its Resistance in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saffalya Nayak ◽  
Roma Rattan ◽  
Manmath Kumar Mandal ◽  
Debjyoti Mohapatra
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Newly Diagnosed

Introduction: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a multifactorial pathological condition associated with insulin resistance and insulin deficiency. Uric acid and calcium have shown inconsistent association with occurrence of diabetes. Aim: To evaluate the role of uric acid and calcium in development of T2DM. Materials and Methods: This was a case-control study conducted in Department of Biochemistry from March to November 2019 in Sriram Chandra Bhanja, Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India. A 180 subjects undertaken with the objective of finding any association of serum uric acid and calcium with insulin and its resistance in newly diagnosed T2DM cases. Newly diagnosed T2DM patients were taken as cases. Age and sex matched healthy individuals were taken as controls. Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), serum insulin, serum uric acid and ionised calcium were measured in autoanalyser and insulin resistance was calculated using Homeostasis Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA- IR). Other confounding risk factors for T2DM like Body Mass Index (BMI), family history was taken into account. Results: A significant positive correlation of serum uric acid with serum insulin (p=0.029) and its resistance (p=0.032) in cases. Serum calcium was negatively associated with insulin and its resistance in both cases and controls. Regression models showed serum uric acid as a strong independent risk factor for levels of insulin and its resistance. Conclusion: The findings of the study showed that regular evaluation of serum uric acid and calcium should be done in those who are at risk of developing T2DM. Larger prospective studies will be required for definite assessment.

scholarly journals Effectiveness and tolerability of early initiation of combined lipid-lowering therapy included simvastatin and fenofibrate vs simvastatin alone in patients with acute coronary syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus with hypertriglyceridemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-45
Author(s):  
O. A. Koval ◽  
S. V. Romanenko ◽  
P. O. Kaplan ◽  
T. V. Pugach
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Intergroup Difference ◽  
Statin Group

The aim – to determine the effect of early statin-fibrate combination therapy on correction of atherogenic dyslipidemia and apoprotein metabolism in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods. Patients (n=60) with T2DM, hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), were randomly assigned in 5–21 days of onset of any form of ACS to receive a combination of simvastatin 40 mg and fenofibrate 145 mg daily or simvastatin 40 mg daily during 12 months. At 3 and 12 months after randomization, we measured levels of absolute and percent changes in the total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), non high density lipoprotein cholesterol (Non-HDL-C), TG levels, percentage of patients achieving and retaining complex lipid goals according to ESC 2011 guideline, absolute and percent changes in apoproteins A1 and B (apoA1 and apoB) levels, аpoB/аpoA1 ratio and lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)), HbA1, uric acid and common safety measurements (ALT/AST, creatinine levels, eGFR). Results and discussion. Nonsignificant TC levels decrease all over the study without intergroup difference (p>0.05) was seen with the same results as for LDL-C levels in both groups. Constant decrease of Non-HDL-C to 2.88 (2.41–3.38) mmol/L with combined treatment (р=0.042 with index level) vs evident tendency to its increase 3.46 (2.87–4.44) mmol/l in the only statin group in 12 months was registered with intergroup difference (р=0.047). The constant greater extent of TG lowering in combined treatment was seen both at 3 months (р=0.037), and at 12 months (р=0.007) with significant intergroup changes: р=0.035 and р=0.03 respectively. Combination therapy has increased аpoA1 to 1.45 (1.29–1.62) g/L (р<0.00001 with initial), decrease аpoB level to 0.87 (0.71–0.97) g/L (p>0.05) and аpoB/аpoA1 relation to 0.57 (0.51–0.74) (р=0.0005 compared to initial). In statin group initial moderate increase of аpoA1 in 3 months changed by its prominent decrease to 1.32 (1.18–1.43) g/L (р=0.02 with initial data), аpoB increase to 0.97 (0.77–1.14) g/L along with ароВ/ароА1 relation 0.74 (0.56–0.87) with intergroup difference ароВ/ароА1 relation (р=0.047) at the study end. Combined therapy provided significant decrease of Lp(a) content compared to initial level all over the study: in 3 months (р=0.0004) and in12 months (р=0.005) unlike slight elevation during the study in simvastatin group (p>0.05). The combined therapy treatment with fenofibrate had led to highly significant decrease of uric acid levels just in 3 months of treatment (р<0.0001 from baseline) and this level withheld all the study period (р=0.002) without any changes in the control group. Combined therapy was associated with slight but significant (р=0.0006) decline of renal function during the study, not seen in the statin group without treatment withdrawal and requirements of replacement therapy. Conclusion. The combined therapy with simvastatin and fenofibrate in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and HTG initiated early after ACS for one year period is safe, effectively correctes atherogenic dyslipidemia, normalizes apolipoprotein metabolism and decreases Lp(a), uric acid levels unlike simvastatin therapy alone.

scholarly journals Uric Acid Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
Linda Ramadhanti ◽  
Devi Etivia Purlinda
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Exercise Activity

Type 2 diabetes mellitus accounts for about 90% of all diabetes cases worldwide. Type 2 DM is caused by the body's inability to respond well to insulin or called insulin resistance. Insulin resistance causes hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia which results in decreased uric acid excretion function in the kidney tubules, so that there will be an increase in uric acid in the blood or hyperuricemia. Type of research including descriptive with cross sectional approach. The examination was carried out at Dr. Adhyatma, MPH. The research respondents were 24 people, uric acid levels were examined with a TMS 50i Superior device. The data obtained is processed and presented in the form of diagrams and percentages. Type 2 DM respondents numbered 24 people. The highest hyperuricemia is based on the characteristics of the respondents, those are above 55 years old (25%), female sex (25%), high blood pressure (25%), and exercise activity 1x / day (21%). Of the 24 respondents, 14 people (58.3%) had normal uric acid levels and 10 people (41.6%) had hyperuricemia, with an average female uric acid value of 5.54 mg / dL and men of 6,48 mg / dL.

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