11. The Economic Empowerment of Women; Increased Bargaining Power; Structural Change; Towards a Broader Perspective on Women’s Empowerment

Speaking Out ◽  
1996 ◽  
pp. 203-218
Author(s):  
Marilyn Carr ◽  
Martha Chen ◽  
Renana Jhabvala
Keyword(s):  
Structural Change ◽  
Bargaining Power ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Economic Empowerment

scholarly journals Dimensions of women’s empowerment on access to skilled delivery services in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Januka Khatiwada ◽  
Basilua Andre Muzembo ◽  
Koji Wada ◽  
Shunya Ikeda
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Skilled Birth Attendants ◽  
Skilled Delivery ◽  
Birth Attendants ◽  
Delivery Services

Abstract Background Each day, approximately 810 women die during pregnancy and childbirth and 94% of the deaths take place in low and middle income countries. Only 45% of the births in South Asia are attended by skilled professionals, which is lower than that in other Asian regions. Antenatal and postnatal care received from skilled providers can help prevent maternal and neonatal mortality by identifying pregnancy-related complications. Women’s empowerment is considered to be a significant determinant of maternal health care outcomes; however, studies on the contextual influences of different dimensions of empowerment in Nepal are relatively limited. Therefore, this study analyzed nationwide survey data to examine the influence of women’s economic empowerment, sociocultural empowerment, familial/interpersonal empowerment and media and information technology empowerment on accessing skilled delivery services among the married women in Nepal. Methods This study examined the influence of women’s empowerment on skilled delivery services among married women (n = 4400) aged 15–49 years using data from the 2016 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey. Descriptive analysis and binary logistic regression analysis were employed to analyze the data. Results Significant associations were found between women’s media and information technology empowerment, economic empowerment and sociocultural empowerment and access to skilled birth attendants. Specifically, the education of women, their occupation, owning a bank account, media exposure, and internet use were significantly associated with the use of skilled birth attendants. Conclusion Focusing on women’s access to media and information technology, economic enhancement and education may increase the use of skilled birth attendants in Nepal.

scholarly journals SOCIOECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT: A CASE OF FARM HOUSEHOLDS IN ABEOKUTA, OGUN STATE

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-78
Author(s):  
Chioma Patricia Adekunle ◽  
◽  
Augustine Adebayo Kutu ◽  
David Alaba Alori ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bargaining Power ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socioeconomic Determinants

This study examines the socioeconomic determinants of women’s empowerment or bargaining power among married couples living in farm households in Nigeria. A multistage random sampling technique is employed to collect cross-sectional data from 320 farm households aged between 15 to 50 years. Women’s empowerment or bargaining power is measured using 18 questions, and a Tobit regression model is used to analyze all the variables employed. According to the findings, husbands have five more years of formal education than wives and literacy rates are higher for men (62%) than for women (30%). This differenceleads to more decision-making power for men. The result shows that there is a visible gender disparity in the worth and value of assets brought into the marriage, with the men bringing around 34% while that of the women is around 3% making men the main decision-makers and women less empowered. As a policy recommendation, women’s status in society should be enhanced through investment in education and well-being. Additionally, policies and programs aimed at leveraging the bargaining power of the woman in her attempts to make decisions in the household and increasing her empowerment should be formulated and implemented by policymakers.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Educational dan Economic Empowerment Terhadap New Venture Creation: Peran Moderasi Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1451-1460
Author(s):  
Noormalita Primandaru
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
New Venture ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Family Welfare ◽  
New Venture Creation ◽  
Venture Creation

The current condition of women in the Bantul Coast has low knowledge, skills, creative attitudes, and aspirations, which results in many women living in poverty. Therefore, women on the coast need to be empowered. Women's empowerment that needs to be done is empowerment in the economic field which is useful for overcoming poverty and education that is useful for developing organizational skills. This study aims to examine the effect of educational empowerment and economic empowerment on new venture creation and entrepreneurial self-efficacy as moderating variables in women on the Bantul coast. This research is expected to be able to provide additional empirical evidence to strengthen the concepts and theories regarding the factors that influence women's empowerment towards new venture creation and entrepreneurial self-efficacy and the application of these contents to the community. In terms of time dimension, this research is included in the cross-sectional research category. The sampling technique uses nonprobability sampling type purposive sampling. The sample in this study are women who are members of the Family Welfare Development (PKK) group in the coastal village of Bantul. The analytical model used is the Partial Least Square (PLS). The results of this study are the first effect of economic empowerment on new venture creation, the second is the effect of educational empowerment on new venture creation, and the third is entrepreneurial self-efficacy moderating the effect of education empowerment and economic empowerment on new venture creation.

Economic Empowerment of Women in Pakistan

2019 ◽  
pp. 411-432
Author(s):  
Sofia Idris
Keyword(s):  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Institutional Structure ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Limited Time ◽  
Economic Sphere ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Government ◽  
Laws And Policies ◽  
Status Of Women

This chapter gives an account of the situation on the status of women in Pakistan. It studies the various steps taken by the Government of Pakistan to empower the women. It also studies the various ways to empower women in Pakistan. The chapter only studies the empowerment of women in economic sphere due to the limited time and resources of the author. Moreover, the chapter focuses on the problems of women to participate in economic affairs, the hindrances in achieving economic uplift/empowerment and equality of women in Pakistan and the existing laws and policies of the government regarding women's empowerment and their implementation. Furthermore, it gives a brief comparison of women's economic empowerment with the neighboring countries, India and Bangladesh as these countries have a similar institutional structure as Pakistan. It then seeks to learn from the successful examples of the countries mentioned regarding the matter.

scholarly journals Gender Equality in Asia-Pacific: Reflections on the Beijing+25 Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-17
Author(s):  
Cai Cai ◽  
Bharat Dahiya
Keyword(s):  
Political Participation ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Peace Building ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Made In

This article reviews the 25-year progress made in implementing the ‘Beijing Platform for Action’ and the challenges that remain towards achieving gender equality in the Asia-Pacific region. Adopted in 1995 at the Fourth World Conference on Women, the ‘Beijing Platform for Action’ has been hailed as the most progressive policy blueprint for gender equality and women’s empowerment. In November 2019, over 600 participants from 54 countries, comprising representatives from Governments, international organisations and civil society organisations attended the Asia-Pacific Ministerial Conference on the Beijing+25 Review in Bangkok. The delegations reviewed the “achievements, challenges and priority areas for realizing gender equality and women’s empowerment” (UNESCAP, 2019a:1) in Asia-Pacific. For 25 years, since the adoption of the ‘Beijing Platform for Action’, Asia-Pacific has witnessed significant progress in girls’ education and women’s health. Unprecedented progress has been made in and reducing maternal deaths and enhancing women’s representation in national parliaments and local governments in several countries. However, there are some enduring challenges, including women’s economic empowerment and political participation, and violence against women. Whilst women play a pivotal role in protecting the environment and natural resources, they have been underrepresented in environment-related decision making and negotiations. Accordingly, the key actions outlined by the ‘Asia-Pacific Declaration on Advancing Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment: Beijing+25 Review’ cover a wide range of issues, from women’s economic empowerment, political participation, to women’s full and effective participation in environment conservation, climate action and peace building process.

Economic Empowerment of Women in Pakistan

2015 ◽  
pp. 124-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Idris
Keyword(s):  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Institutional Structure ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Limited Time ◽  
Economic Sphere ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Government ◽  
Laws And Policies ◽  
Status Of Women

This chapter gives an account of the situation on the status of women in Pakistan. It studies the various steps taken by the Government of Pakistan to empower the women. It also studies the various ways to empower women in Pakistan. The chapter only studies the empowerment of women in economic sphere due to the limited time and resources of the author. Moreover, the chapter focuses on the problems of women to participate in economic affairs, the hindrances in achieving economic uplift/empowerment and equality of women in Pakistan and the existing laws and policies of the government regarding women's empowerment and their implementation. Furthermore, it gives a brief comparison of women's economic empowerment with the neighboring countries, India and Bangladesh as these countries have a similar institutional structure as Pakistan. It then seeks to learn from the successful examples of the countries mentioned regarding the matter.

Women’s Empowerment and Nonprofit Sector Development

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 856-871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crystal A. Evans ◽  
Lorin M. Mayo ◽  
Maria A. Quijada
Keyword(s):  
Granger Causality ◽  
Nonprofit Sector ◽  
State Level ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Political Empowerment ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Causality Tests ◽  
Granger Causality Tests

This research makes two main contributions: (a) validates Themudo’s findings of a positive correlation between women’s empowerment and the development of the nonprofit sector by using different forms of empowerment and (b) suggests women’s empowerment causes nonprofit development, thus contributing to the formation of a gender theory. Using women’s economic empowerment by county ( n = 3,428) and women’s state-level political empowerment ( n = 50), the positive correlation between women’s empowerment, both economic and political, and nonprofit development is confirmed. Next, Granger causality tests (1975-2013, n = 39) suggest women’s political empowerment causes nonprofit development. These results provide insights for further research in nonprofit development and suggest that policies that increase women’s empowerment will also benefit the nonprofit sector.

scholarly journals The development of a socio-economic model to promote women’s empowerment initiatives in the renewable energy sector of South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-47
Author(s):  
C. M. Adendorff ◽  
Harvey Keown ◽  
Ric Amansure
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Social Investment ◽  
Black Economic Empowerment ◽  
The Republic

This study investigates the main contributors that can positively influence the socio-economic empowerment of women in the renewable energy sector in the Republic of South Africa, and recommends new and innovative approaches to mainstream gender in the sector. Empirical evidence showed that ethical leadership positively influences good governance and successful women’s empowerment. The results also indicated that social investment and broad-based black economic empowerment positively influence successful women’s empowerment. Finally, the results indicated that sustainable programmes are a positive contributing factor to good governance. However, the respondents did not consider stakeholder engagement statistically significant to good governance or successful women’s empowerment. This study also has the potential to contribute to the improvement of impoverished communities in South Africa and elsewhere.

scholarly journals Drawing a Link—Women’s Empowerment and Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act: A Study Conducted in the Goalpara District, Assam

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr Manisha Bhattacharyya
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Cash Income ◽  
Mahatma Gandhi ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Rural Employment ◽  
Employment Guarantee

This article reports on an empirical research that examined the extent of economic empowerment gained by women engaged in Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) in the district of Goalpara, Assam. The key objective of the MGNREGA is to provide social security to rural households by guaranteeing 100 days of paid employment in public works within a year. Based on nine variables (education, land ownership, ownership of other assets, control over income contributed by a woman to her family, control over the income of the family, savings, access to credit, social participation, cash income earned from income generating activities) and calculated using empowerment index, the research compared the magnitude of women’s empowerment before and after getting involved in MGNREGA. The findings suggest that while MGNREGA is an important leap to ensuring economic empowerment to rural women, but the scheme has not been implemented properly in the district—women and men not getting 100 days of employment, irregular mode of payment, very slow progress and poor quality in public works.

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