Two Key Ocean Governance Challenges for Sao Tome and Principe

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-417
Author(s):  
Vasco Becker-Weinberg
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Joint Development ◽  
Ocean Governance ◽  
Sao Tome And Principe ◽  
Development Regime ◽  
Governance Challenges ◽  
Development Agreement ◽  
Sao Tome E Principe ◽  
Unregulated Fishing

Living resources directly support the livelihood of coastal communities in Sao Tome e Principe, while oil and gas reserves are needed to improve economic growth. Yet these resources are widely coveted, resulting in illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing, as well as illegal oil bunkering and theft of crude oil. STP has settled its maritime boundaries with Equatorial Guinea and Gabon, but not with Nigeria. Instead, the two countries agreed on a joint development regime in the disputed maritime area, albeit unsuccessfully. This article examines two key challenges currently facing STP: unblocking the STP-Nigeria joint development agreement and addressing IUUF.

scholarly journals Horizontal Drilling of Crude Oil: A Challenge to the Norms of Property Rights

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Kato Gogo Kingston ◽  
Charity Olunma Kaniye-Ebeku
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vertical Wells ◽  
Horizontal Drilling ◽  
Joint Development ◽  
Oil Corporations ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas ◽  
Development Agreement

Two altitudinal relationships propel current crude oil exploration jurisprudence and litigation namely: Surface land ownership and sub-surface rights (including mineral ownership). In the United States, the conflicts between the surface and mineral owners has theatrically increased in the last decade. Elsewhere, notably Nigeria, conflicts over land rights and the ownership of sub-surface minerals is yet to be fully resolved. Our goal herein is to explore the interaction between the law of property and the tort of trespass as applicable to the surface and subsurface exploration and extraction of crude oil and natural gas with specific focus on the scientific advances in horizontal drilling techniques widely used by the oil corporations in the various oil reservoirs across the world. Horizontal drilling  is described in this paper, as the exercise of drilling for liquid and gaseous mineral resources by other means other than sinking vertical wells. We argue that, horizontal drilling is one of the easiest means by which governments could lawfully capture  crude oil and gas from reservoirs of neighbouring nations to the extent that joint development agreement becomes unnecessary. Also, we opined that nations such as Nigeria could easily resolve issues of resources allocation by reducing the spread of surface wells. This could be achieved through the establishment of very few centralised drilling sites where slant or horizontal drilling can tap into various reservoirs thereby, eliminating the contestation of local agitators.

Origins of the African Offshore Oil and Gas Cooperation Milestone: The Nigeria – São Tomé & Principe Regime

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-78
Author(s):  
Pablo Ferrara
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Oil Reserves ◽  
Development Capacity ◽  
Development Regime ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Sao Tome E Principe ◽  
Offshore Development ◽  
Political Governance

This paper aims at identifying and explaining the design principles of the joint development regime between Nigeria and São Tomé & Principe, analysing the subsequent dynamics – the nature of cooperation – generated by the regime's design. In order to fulfil its objectives, it shall start by explaining the applicable socio-legal research methodology, then continue with the analysis of the case study, finishing with the relevant conclusions. Characterized by large oil reserves, low development capacity, international oil companies appetite, and corrupt governments, this work depicts Nigeria and São Tomé e Príncipe as large oil reservists with potential but low development capacity, resulting in a dyad of international oil companies keen on offshore development and corrupt governments looking to exploit it. On the other hand, recognition of the offshore development potential in their overlapping claim zone and international oil companies’ pressured the States to improve their political governance, developing on both countries the decision to achieve an international development regime (JDZ) proven profitable for both countries in many ways – not only economic.

scholarly journals The main consequences of continued illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing within Indonesian waters for maritime security actors and coastal communities

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e24911566
Author(s):  
Deby Indah Lestari ◽  
Arfian R. Putra ◽  
Amanda Yofani Larasuci
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Maritime Security ◽  
Marine Resources ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
Coastal Community ◽  
Iuu Fishing ◽  
State Actors ◽  
Unregulated Fishing ◽  
Fishing Practices

Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing is known as a global serious threat and become International major issues. Indonesia, as one of the biggest archipelago countries and Mega Biodiversity that has rich, various, and potential marine resources has succeeded in attracting domestic fisheries and foreign fisheries to commit Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing (IUU Fishing) practices. This research aims to understand the phenomenon of Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing in Indonesia and to understand the consequences of IUU Fishing practices to the coastal community and the maritime security state actors. This research finds that IUU Fishing practices have significant and negative impact towards Coastal communities on Economic, Environmental, and Social aspect. Furthermore, IUU Fishing practices has also significant and negative impact on the integrity of Maritime Security State Actors in protecting Indonesian waters.

scholarly journals Proposta de Ações de Educação Ambiental em São Tomé e Príncipe

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 225
Author(s):  
Osvaldo Vaz FURTADO ◽  
Andrea Yumi Sugishita KANIKADAN
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Education ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Final Destination ◽  
Sao Tome And Principe ◽  
Urban Solid Waste ◽  
Investigación Cualitativa ◽  
Sociedad Civil ◽  
Sao Tome E Principe

RESUMOEste estudo tem como objetivo analisar o processo de coleta, tratamento, destinação final dos resíduos sólidos e a partir disso propor ações de educação ambiental em Água Grande, distrito de São Tomé e Príncipe (STP). O intuito é descrever as principais características que retratam a situação local. O estudo traz um levantamento teórico sobre poluição ambiental, resíduos sólidos urbanos e educação ambiental. Foi conduzida uma pesquisa qualitativa, com técnicas de análise documental e bibliográfica. Pôde-se verificar que o distrito de Água Grande carece de boas práticas para a coleta, separação, tratamento e a sua destinação final, englobando todos os processos de gerenciamento dos Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos (RSU). Nessa perspectiva, o estudo apresenta sugestão relacionada à educação ambiental desde a infância, de modo que exista um envolvimento integrado da gestão pública, sociedade civil e indústrias privadas. Tudo isso levando-se em consideração a questão da saúde pública no país.São Tomé e Príncipe. Educação ambiental. Gestão de resíduos sólidos. ABSTRACTThis study aims to analyze the process of collection, treatment, final disposal of solid waste in order to propose policies in environmental education in Água Grande, district of São Tomé and Príncipe (STP). The aim is to describe the main characteristics that portray the local situation. The study provides a theoretical survey on environmental pollution, solid urban waste and environmental education. A qualitative research was conducted, using techniques of documentary and bibliographic analysis. It was possible to verify that the district of Água Grande lacks of good practices for the collection, separation, treatment and its final destination, encompassing all the processes of management of Urban Solid Waste (MSW). In this perspective, the study presents a suggestion related to environmental education since childhood, so that there is an integrated partnership of public management, civil society and private industries. All of this taking into account the issue of public health within the country.São Tomé and Príncipe. Environmental education. Solid waste management.  RESUMENEste estudio tiene como objetivo analizar el proceso de recolección, tratamiento, disposición final de residuos sólidos y proponer acciones de educación ambiental en Água Grande, distrito de Santo Tomé y Príncipe (STP). El objetivo es describir las principales características que retratan la situación local. El estudio proporciona un levantamiento teórico sobre contaminación ambiental, residuos sólidos urbanos y educación ambiental. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa, utilizando técnicas de análisis documental y bibliográfico. Se pudo constatar que el distrito de Água Grande carece de buenas prácticas para la recolección, separación, tratamiento y su destino final, abarcando todos los procesos de gestión de Residuos Sólidos Urbanos (RSU). En esta perspectiva, el estudio presenta una sugerencia relacionada con la educación ambiental desde la infancia, para que exista un involucramiento integrado de la gestión pública, la sociedad civil y las industrias privadas. Todo ello teniendo en cuenta el tema de la salud pública en el país.Santo Tomé y Príncipe. Educación ambiental. Manejo de residuos sólidos.  SOMMARIOQuesto studio si propone di analizzare il processo di raccolta, trattamento, smaltimento finale dei rifiuti solidi e proporre azioni di educazione ambientale ad Água Grande, distretto di São Tomé e Príncipe (STP). L'obiettivo è descrivere le principali caratteristiche che ritraggono la situazione locale. Lo studio fornisce un'indagine teorica su inquinamento ambientale, rifiuti solidi urbani e educazione ambientale. È stata condotta una ricerca qualitativa, utilizzando tecniche di analisi documentaria e bibliografica. È stato riscontrato che il distretto di Água Grande manca di buone pratiche per la raccolta, la separazione, il trattamento e la sua destinazione finale, che comprende tutti i processi di gestione dei rifiuti solidi urbani (RSU). In questa prospettiva, lo studio presenta un suggerimento relativo all'educazione ambientale fin dall'infanzia, in modo che ci sia un coinvolgimento integrato della gestione pubblica, della società civile e delle industrie private. Tutto questo tenendo conto della questione della salute pubblica nel Paese.Sao Tome e Principe. Educazione ambientale. Gestione dei rifiuti solidi.

scholarly journals Dictionary-Based Method for Fishing Gear Pattern Detection

10.29007/npz9 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramón Aranda ◽  
Hugo Carlos
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Pattern Detection ◽  
Upper Paleolithic ◽  
Fishing Gear ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Iuu Fishing ◽  
Marine Habitats ◽  
Automatic Information ◽  
Fishing Fleets ◽  
Unregulated Fishing

Fishing is an ancient practice that dates back to at least the beginning of the Upper Paleolithic period about 40,000 years ago. Nowadays, Fishing is one of the most important activities, as it provides a source of food and economic income worldwide. A key challenge in ecology and conservation is to decrease the Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated fishing (IUU). IUU fishing depletes fish stocks, destroys marine habitats, distorts competition, puts honest fishers at an unfair disadvantage, and weakens coastal communities, particularly in developing countries. One strategy to decrease the IUU fishing is monitoring and detecting the fishing vessel behaviors. Satellite–based Automatic Information Systems (S– AIS) are now commonly installed on most ocean–going vessels and have been proposed as a novel tool to explore the movements of fishing fleets in near real time. In this article, we present a dictionary–based method to classify, by using AIS data, between two fishing gear types: trawl and purse seine. The data was obtained from Global Fishing Watch. Our experiments show that our proposal has a good performance in classifying fishing behaviors, which could help to prevent overexploit and improve the strategies of the fisheries management.

A Note on the Sao Tome Archives

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 399-400
Author(s):  
Stanley B. Alpern
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Director General ◽  
Reading Room ◽  
Western Africa ◽  
Sao Tome And Principe ◽  
National Archives ◽  
New Nation ◽  
Sao Tome E Principe ◽  
Story Building

When I wrote two prominent European historians of western Africa that I was planning a trip to São Tomé and would check out the national archives, one replied: “Are there really local archives? The Cape Verdes seem to have lost theirs.” The other remarked that “[i]t would certainly be worth finding out whether any of the old archives are still on the island.” Even the person who would be my host there, a resident American official, had the impression that the Portuguese had carted off all the colonial records when São Tomé and Príncipe became independent in 1975.I am happy to report that the Arquivo Histórico of the new nation is alive and surprisingly well. On my visit in March of 1996 I met two dedicated and cultivated young women who were doing their utmost against long odds to organize and preserve all that is left of their country's written records. They are Maria Nazaré Ceita, a trained historian who is Director General of Culture of São Tomé e Principe, and, under her, Anabela Barroso, Director of the Arquivo Histórico.Since December of 1995 they and a tiny staff have been moving the archives into spacious, if spartan, new quarters in the heart of São Tomé city. The modernistic one-story building used to be the offices of the Prime Minister. When I visited the place, much had already been done. Long neat rows of boxed and dated dossiers were up on shelves, though jumbles of papers remained to be sorted. The archives also contains a small library for researchers and space for a large, as yet unfurnished, reading room.

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