Will, Power and Pretensionality

2021 ◽  
pp. 108-147
Author(s):  
Stephen Connelly
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Activity ◽  
The Will ◽  
Will Power

Leibniz’s theory of the will is explored and linked to his theory of power, establish that active and passive potencies for him are of technical but ultimately lesser status that intellectual activity. This discounts these potencies as candidates for power, indicating that ontological power must be found elsewhere in Leibniz’s philosophy, in the notion that the possible claims or pretends to existence.

Belief and the Will

Philosophy ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 47 (180) ◽  
pp. 95-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony O'Hear
Keyword(s):  
Long Period ◽  
General Account ◽  
The Will ◽  
Will Power ◽  
The Way

In this article, we will consider how far we might be said to be active in forming our beliefs; in particular, we will ask to what extent we can be said to be free in believing what we want to believe. It is clear that we ought to believe only what is really so, at least in so far as it lies in our power to determine this, but reflection shows that, regrettably, we do not confine our beliefs to what we have evidence for, nor do we always believe in accordance with the evidence we do have. So it is natural to conclude that non-intellectual factors may be at work here; such, at least, was the view of Descartes, who attributed error to the influence of our will in leading us to assent to judgments which go beyond the evidence presented by our infallible intellect. This view has some initial plausibility when we think of cases in which emotional considerations lead people to take up and genuinely believe things they have no evidence for, but it is not a view which has received much support from modern philosophers. So, in Part 1 we will look at criticisms levelled against Descartes' view by J. L. Evans, and in Part 2 we will see how far Descartes can be defended. Our conclusions here will lead us to give in Part 3 a general account of the influence of the will in beliefs. We will suggest that we are always responsible for our explicit beliefs, even though it is not true that we can simply believe what we like. Thus we will reject the idea that a man can consciously know something, and at the same time, by will power, believe the opposite. Belief is not then totally free, but we will argue that people do sometimes form beliefs which go against what they should and could believe, and that this can in a way be put down to the influence of the will. Finally we will consider some of the ways in which it is possible to influence our beliefs by willed acts over a long period of time, though this is not the way that we clami that the will might be said to play a part in every judgment that we make.

scholarly journals The Power of Will to Survive: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-125
Author(s):  
Gitumoni Konwar ◽  
Urmijyoti Deori
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Vocal Cord ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Cervical Injury ◽  
The Will ◽  
Will Power

The will to survive is very essential for someone to keep himself struggle until he survives a dreadful situation. This perfectly matches with a case of a man surviving an accident. A 35 year old man met with an accident and fell into a ditch with his motorbike on top of him and the handle of the motorbike pressed his vocal cord. Nobody noticed him falling into the ditch nor could he shout for help. He was all alone by himself in an isolated area where no help will arrive unless somebody sees him. He fell on the ground where the area of the soil under his head was raised which made even harder for him to move his head and free his vocal cord. To save himself he dug out the soil under his head so that he could move his head by creating some space by reducing the bumpiness of the soil. After digging out the soil for several hours he finally could move his head and free his vocal cord too. He shouted for help and soon some people gathered there who took him to the hospital. The victim suffered cervical injury, bruises and cuts on his body along with psychological trauma. Keywords: will power, survival, struggle, accident, dreadful situation.

scholarly journals Enabling and Impending Factors of NGOs in Karnali Zone, Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Kushendra Bahadur Mahat ◽  
Bihari Binod Pokharel
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
National Development ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Enabling Factors ◽  
Democratic Practice ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Development Region ◽  
The Will ◽  
Will Power

 Introduction: Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs) are one of the major parts of the Civil Society institutions to develop the nation. Government has established the separate social welfare act to register and operate to contribute their efforts as complementary support for addressing the basic development requirements of the community to synergic the joint efforts of the development stakeholders. The study was conducted in Midwestern Development Region of Karnali Zone in Nepal where Social Welfare Council and Donor communities are highly prioritized to mainstream into national development process.Objective: The objective of this research was to identify the enabling and impending factors of NGOs in Karnai Zone, Nepal.Methodology: This study was based on the pragmatism philosophy. The study had done 45 in-depth interview and 15 focus group discussion with key informants. Qualitative analysis was done to identify the enabling and impending factors of NGOs.Result: Nine factors find the enabling and 7 points impending in general. In enabling factors are the will power of the NGOs, donors are interested and their priority, structural factors, environmental, ethical, program based, policy and democratic practice in the institution. Similarly, impending factors were geographical factors, weak planning and implementation, dependency mentality, lack of trained human resources, inadequate coordination and socio-economic problem.Conclusion: Impending factors may cause the problem in performances of NGOs so it is necessary to minimize the effect of impending factors by addressing though policy and program.

scholarly journals U-2 Hazrat Umar’s power of judgment and his methodology of reasoning from the Quran

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-29
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yaqoob Gondal ◽  
Hadi Bux Chhijan ◽  
Amanullah Rana
Keyword(s):  
Religious Freedom ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Close Association ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Holy Quran ◽  
The Will ◽  
Will Power

This paper attempts to highlight the will power and wisdom of Hazrat Umar(R.A) in solving the problems he faced in his life. It highlights that how he sought guidance from Quranic verses on different occasions to settle different problems during his caliphate. On one hand this paper illustrates his intelligence and on the other hand it invites us to see guidance from the Holy Quran in daily life affairs. The rationale of present research is that the researcher felt a dire need to follow the footsteps of Hazrat Umar (RA) . So that all the Muslims should seek guidance from the Holy Quran as was done by Hazrat Umar(RA) . A lot of books on lives of companions (SahabaKiram RA) and history of Islam urge the Muslims to follow his footsteps in gaining determinations and forethought. Moreover, this paper focusses different aspects of Hazrat Umar (RA)’s life such as the conceding of Qasar prayer during sea voyage, religious freedom, decision about Landin the conquered territory and rights of minorities in the Muslim state have also been discussed. All these issues which have been discussed in relation to Hazrat Umar (RA)’s life have a close association with the reformation of society. Ignorance of Hazrat Umar (RA)’s examplary life may lead the muslim society to degradation. The findings suggest that in difficult situationsmuslim society must follow Hazrat Umar (RA)’s footsteps.

scholarly journals The Will Power; Its Range in Action

1888 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 733
Author(s):  
J. Milner Fothergill
Keyword(s):  
The Will ◽  
Will Power

scholarly journals Choice-less Choice in the 2019 Presidential Election: Towards the Intrigues Perfected by the Electoral System in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Kingsley E. Okoye ◽  
Chikwado Ezugwuorie ◽  
Francisca Onah
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Political System ◽  
Electoral System ◽  
The Political ◽  
Vote Buying ◽  
Campaign Strategies ◽  
Radical Nature ◽  
The Will ◽  
Will Power

Literature on election is mostly anchored on how the voting exercise was carried out successfully or rigged in favour of one candidate over another. These scholars were only interested in analyzing the outcome of election with little or no effort to understand why electorates who cast their votes during election do not choose their leaders. While we acknowledged that vote buying, snatching of ballot boxes, intimidation, and different pattern of malpractices among others contributed to these, we equally noted that scholars have not really tried to find out why the electoral system in Nigeria could not allow candidates that would not only attract massive support but become irresistible during and after election. Therefore, what is often witnessed among presidential flag bearers in Nigeria are candidates who the electorates knew would not make significant impact if elected. As a result, make them (electorates) see voting during election as a routine exercise that must be fulfilled without enthusiasm or eagerness in carrying out such obligation. Election in this situation becomes so difficult that whoever is elected is not actually chosen by the electorates but is allowed to keep the country on track. These political parties are only interested on the radical nature of candidates who can withstand the campaign strategies leaving other areas like understanding - the political terrain of the country and having the will power to transform society against other odds. Until this issue is properly addressed and handled in the political system, voting in election will remain a mere process of choosing leaders that will neither attract peoples mandate nor sustain the democratic structures

scholarly journals The patient's order as a separate manifestation of his will

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (20) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Nataliia Korobtsova
Keyword(s):  
Care Patient ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Legal Institution ◽  
Power Of Attorney ◽  
Patient’S Rights ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Will ◽  
Will Power ◽  
Patient’S Will

The article analyzes the issues of the patient's will in medical relations, it is proved that it is due to the expression of will to the proposed treatment (consent or refusal) that the patient is a full active participant in this relationship. However, his inability to express his will, temporary or irreversible, caused by the development of the disease, the peculiarity of its course may be an obstacle to determining his real desire for future treatment, medical intervention and jeopardize the violation or inability to exercise the patient's right to consent or refuse medical intervention. To avoid this, there is a certain legal institution in the legislation of a number of countries around the world, through which it is possible to plan your treatment in advance, to refuse it, in case of inability to do so in the future. In some legal systems, this institution has different names - "wishes made earlier", "medical will", "patient's will", "power of attorney to make decisions on health care", "patient orders" and so on. The paper analyzes the content of this institute, considers the views of scholars on it, made a comparative analysis with the legal construction of the "testament" and concluded that there are significant differences between these constructions, which makes it impossible, from the author's point of view, to call this will "testament". . It is proposed to consider such a will as one of the patient's rights - "patient order", which is made in writing by an adult - the patient, regardless of the type and stage of the disease in case of possible future inability to consent to medical examination, intervention or treatment. The patient has at his disposal not only his will for the future (list of medical procedures that are allowed to be performed in relation to his health, which are not), but also the case when it can be used (for example, coma, autonomic state). It is impossible to conclude it through a representative, because in this case the will of the patient is unknown. This order is executed by proxies (relatives, close persons, representatives, doctors, etc.). Despite the fact that in Ukraine today this legal institution is absent, the main directions of recoding of civil legislation indicate the possibility of its appearance in the updated legislation  

scholarly journals Nietzsche's Pelagianism: Dionysus versus the Crucified

The Agonist ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-74
Author(s):  
Bradley Kaye
Keyword(s):  
Human Beings ◽  
Will To Power ◽  
Tree Of Knowledge ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Will ◽  
Ecce Homo ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
Will Power ◽  
Good And Evil ◽  
The Devil

When Nietzsche writes in Ecce Homo: “Theologically speaking - listen closely, for I rarely speak as a theologian - it was God himself who at the end of his days work lay down as a serpent under the tree of knowledge: thus he recuperated from being God. - He had made everything too beautiful. - The devil is merely the leisure of God on that seventh day.”  (Ecce Homo, “Beyond Good and Evil,” §2) He is insinuating an alliance with an uncited source - Pelagianus Hereticus who believed there was no ‘original sin’ but that the will power of human beings could bring humanity to salvation.  A method that bears stark affinities with Nietzsche’s writings on will to power in the sense that human will power wills a transcendence to what is, rather than the metaphysics of a transcendent God providing grace to those in need of salvation from above. This marks an interesting detour in church orthodoxy, a path not taken and one has to wonder that given Nietzsche’s reputation as a well read historian of ideas and theology whether he was writing a sort of theological exegesis through ressentiment.  A history of ideas for the future through the eyes of those who lost as a kind of error, a kind of pathos. In this paper, I try to explore this treatment of Nietzsche’s work to bring a new interpretation onto his work, one that is hidden in plain sight in lieu of his work on pushing ethics beyond good and evil, his views on phantasmagoria, and the penultimate writings at the end of his productive years where he describes his writings as “Dionysus versus the Crucified.”

scholarly journals Stipulation in the International Commercial Contracts

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Ali Honari Tehrani
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Theoretical Aspect ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
View Point ◽  
After Effects ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Islamic Jurisprudence ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Will Power

<p>According to the principle of will power or will dominance and the principle of freedom to contract which have been manifested in the article number ten of the civil code the will power of individuals dominates the regulations of closing a contract and its after effects and the freedom of will power here has gained the acceptance as a principle. By closing a contract by two free wills that contract becomes binding and according to the binding principle or provision in contracts the sides of a contract will be committed to carry out the terms and content which is inserted in a contract unless it becomes terminated with by the volition of the sides of the contract themselves or due to a legal cause. Since according to the principle of freedom to contract its sides can shun from closing any contract which is an obvious violation of law, due to the same reason they can also take into consideration any condition or term which isn’t an obvious violation of law and according to the principle of binding ness of contracts the sides of them and their vicars are bound to execute the conditions which are stated in it. One of the conditions of contracts which can be considered is the condition of stipulation.</p>In the present study in addition to scratch the surface on the subject of stipulation in contracts it is expected that the theoretical aspect of the essence of stipulation gets evident, the view point of Islamic jurisprudence and the legal proceedings become stated and the issue that stipulation is claimable under what conditions and in what manner. By carry out a comparative study we get aware of the views in several legal systems toward stipulation and also its position in the private international law and the latest changes in the domain of stipulation specifically ones which are presented at the international level.

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF ONTARIO: Toronto Branch

1906 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 210-210
Keyword(s):  
Personal Observation ◽  
Entomological Society ◽  
The Will ◽  
Will Power ◽  
Selection Of

The 109th meeting of the Toronto Branch was held in the Provinical Museum on March 20th.The event of the evening was a paper by Dr. Brodie, entitle “Insect Intelligence,” in which attention was drawn to some classes of insects which seemingly exhibit an unusal amount of brain develpment in the will-power shown in the deliberate selection of ways and means. This was followed by a discussion, in which Dr. Abbott gave some interesting examples from personal observation of the skillful way in which insects adapt themselves to abnormal conditions.

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