From Birth to Breadwinner

2019 ◽  
pp. 73-115
Author(s):  
Nina Macaraig
Keyword(s):  
Economic Relation ◽  
Total Income

This chapter describes the hamam’s original appearance and how it began to take up work, having been readied for business with a supply of water and wood for fuel. The hamam’s employees (hamam managers, bathhouse attendants, servants, furnace stokers, and many others) and their organization in guilds make up one group of people connected to the monument, which can be identified based on archival and visual sources with relative certainty. More difficult to identify are the bathers; however, an analysis of the hamam’s neighbourhood’s make-up allows some answers. This chapter also provides a more detailed view of the hamam’s economic relation to the endowment, by looking at its income from entrance fees and at how much exactly it contributed to the endowment’s total income.

Context Mediated

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-63
Author(s):  
Benjamin Pickford
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Ralph Waldo Emerson ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
Economic Relation ◽  
Economic Agency

Benjamin Pickford, “Context Mediated: Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Political Economy of Plagiarism” (pp. 35–63) Context has long been a critical determiner of methodologies for literary studies, granting scholars the tools to make objective claims about a text’s political or economic relation to the situation of its genesis. This essay argues that Ralph Waldo Emerson anticipatively criticizes our commitment to such practices through his use of plagiarism—a literary mode that exemplifies the denial of the sovereignty of context. I focus on two core principles that underlie Emerson’s conception of literature’s civic role in Essays: Second Series (1844): first, that literature is driven by an impulse to decontextualize; second, that this means that it has a deep affinity with the deterritorializing logic of capital. Provocatively proposing Emerson as a theorist of the relation between literature and economics, I argue that Essays: Second Series shows how the literary text can negotiate its ineluctable culpability with capitalism, but this does not mean that it can presume to possess a privileged point of vantage that might deny such culpability. Given that this is precisely what much historicizing or contextualizing scholarship implies, I contend that Emerson gives us a case study in the limits of literature and criticism’s economic agency.

Purification of Non-Halal Income in Malaysian Islamic Banks: An Overview (Penyucian Pendapatan Tidak-Halal Di Bank-Bank Islam Malaysia: Satu Tinjauan)

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-326
Author(s):  
Saidatolakma bt Mohd Yunus ◽  
Sayed Sikandar Al Haneef ◽  
Zuraidah Kamaruddin ◽  
Mek Wok Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Financial Impact ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Total Income

Abstract Purification of non-halal income (NHI) is the process of deducting non-halal or tainted income deemed unacceptable by Shairaah from the total income generated in Islamic banks. It is undeniable that Shariaah non-compliance events still occur in Islamic banking system considering the fact that Islamic banks have not been able to fully comply with the requirements of Shariaah in their transactions, operations and financial activities. The realization of Shariaah non-compliance events in Islamic banks in some situations involve a financial impact which leads to NHI. All NHI identified must be purified since Islam does not allow any non-halal income to be held, kept and utilized for their own benefits. This paper will give a new insight on purification of NHI by first delineating the concept of mal haram in Islam as well as the Shariaah non-compliant events realized in the banks, with special reference to cases involving Islamic banks in Malaysia. Keywords: Islamic banking, non-halal income, purification, charity, waqf. Abstrak Penyucian pendapatan tidak halal (NHI) adalah proses memisahkan pendapatan tidak halal menurut Syari'ah daripada jumlah keseluruhan pendapatan yang dihasilkan oleh bank Islam. Tidak dapat dinafikan bahawa masih berlaku ketidakpatuhan Syariah dalam sistem perbankan Islam. Ini adalah kerana bank Islam tidak dapat mematuhi sepenuhnya keperluan Syariah dalam transaksi, operasi dan kegiatan kewangan mereka. Kewujudan perkara yang tidak mematuhi Syariah di bank Islam dapat memberi kesan kepada status kewangan yang boleh membawa kepada berlakunya pendapatan haram. Pendapatan tidak halal yang sudah dikenalpasti mesti disucikan kerana Islam tidak membenarkan apa-apa pendapatan tidak halal disimpan dan digunakan untuk faedah mereka sendiri. Kajian ini memberi pandangan baru tentang penyucian pendapatan tidak halal dengan membincangkan konsep harta haram dalam Islam serta perkara-perkara yang tidak patuh syariah yang berlaku di bank-bank Islam di Malaysia. Kata Kunci: Perbankan Islam, pendapatan tidak-halal, Penyucian, Amal, wakaf.

Institutional trap of the region's economic development in conditions of aggravated spatial competition

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
E. A. Ostapenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Spatial Competition ◽  
Total Income

The article considers the problem of low total income and its effect on the economic development of the region under conditions of aggravation of spatial competition, describes the main features of the institutional trap that shape its factors.

scholarly journals Spatial Proximity of ‘Ataulfo’ to ‘Haden’ Cultivar Increases Mango Yield and Decreases Incidence of Nubbins

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 450
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Lucas-García ◽  
Víctor Rosas-Guerrero ◽  
Lorena Alemán-Figueroa ◽  
R. Carlos Almazán-Núñez ◽  
Juan Violante-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Incidence ◽  
International Market ◽  
Spatial Proximity ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
Total Income ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Economic Income

Mexico is the leading exporter of mangos worldwide, and ‘Ataulfo’ is one of the most popular cultivars. However, their production has dramatically dropped in recent years due to the high incidence of nubbins. One of the possible causes is the presence of a delayed self-incompatibility found in this cultivar; thus, proximity to compatible cultivars may help to reduce this incidence. Nevertheless, there is a lack of studies that have rigorously tested this hypothesis in this cultivar. For two consecutive years, the present study evaluated the incidence of nubbins, as well as the quality and quantity of commercial fruits of ‘Ataulfo’ trees located at 10, 30, and 50 m away from ‘Haden’ cultivar. Additionally, the yield and economic income of different planting designs were estimated. During both sampling periods, our results clearly indicated that at 10 m away from ‘Haden’ individuals, ‘Ataulfo’ trees presented a lower incidence of nubbins and higher production of commercial fruits, and higher yield and total income per hectare than at 30 or 50 m away from them. These results indicate that planting designs of ‘Ataulfo’ trees located 10 m away from ‘Haden’ will help to satisfy the increasing demand for mangos of this cultivar in the international market.

scholarly journals Demand and Defective Growth Patterns: The Role of The Tradable and Non-Tradable Sectors in an Open Economy

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 272-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandile Hlatshwayo ◽  
Michael Spence
Keyword(s):  
Open Economy ◽  
Aggregate Demand ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Total Income ◽  
Us Economy ◽  
The Us ◽  
Tradable Sector

This paper examines the underlying structural elements of US growth patterns, pre- and post-crisis. Prior to the recession, the US economy exhibited a defective growth pattern driven by outsized domestic demand. As domestic aggregate demand retreats to more sustainable levels relative to total income, the tradable side of the economy is a catalyst for restoring strong growth. A structural rebalancing is already underway; although it is only a third of the economy, the tradable sector generated more than half of gross gains in value-added since the start of the recovery. However, distributional issues loom on the horizon.

Design of a Total Revenue Forecasting Tool to Estimate the Economic Output of Hardwood Logs

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-447
Author(s):  
Juan J. González ◽  
Henry Quesada ◽  
Sailesh Adhikari ◽  
Brian Bond ◽  
Shawn Grushecky
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Visual Basic ◽  
Total Revenue ◽  
Total Income ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Economic Output ◽  
Revenue Forecasting ◽  
Simple Tool ◽  
Hardwood Lumber ◽  
Volume Output

Abstract This article introduces a total revenue forecasting tool designed for calculating the economic output of visually graded hardwood lumber. The tool integrates Monte Carlo simulation from previous studies' data, providing a pseudoestimation of total board-feet based on log grades. The lumber output from different log groups is modeled using probability distributions for each lumber grade. The estimated volume output is multiplied by the respective price for each grade, leading to an expected amount of economic output for given log-grades. The tool was implemented using Microsoft Excel 2016 and Visual Basic. This work provides hardwood lumber producers with a valuable and simple tool to determine different scenarios of total income from each log, as established by the user with a statistical perspective. This total revenue forecasting tool provides the industry with a way to reduce waste and estimate their potential revenue by maximizing the interaction between the log yield's variables and providing the economic output of log, leading to an improvement of the economy of the hardwood market.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Factors that Affect the Quality of Federal Land Bank Loans

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Hardy ◽  
Stanley R. Spurlock ◽  
Donnie R. Parrish ◽  
Lee A. Benoist
Keyword(s):  
Debt Service ◽  
Bank Loans ◽  
Total Income ◽  
Discriminant Model ◽  
Financial Conditions ◽  
Total Debt ◽  
Federal Land ◽  
Land Bank ◽  
Loan Amount

AbstractFinancial conditions existing in agriculture are placing severe pressure on lenders as well as borrowers. Data from both good and foreclosed Federal Land Bank loans were analyzed to determine the most important characteristics leading to the failure of loans. The analysis was completed by comparing means through t-tests and the development of a discriminant model. The ratio of total debt service to total income, the debt to asset ratio, the ratio of total loan amount to appraised value, and the ratio of acres in security to acres owned were determined to be the most important discriminating variables.

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