scholarly journals Qur'anic Studies in al-Andalus: An Overview of the State of Research on qirāʾāt and tafsīr

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-102
Author(s):  
Adday Hernández López
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
The State ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
New Methodologies ◽  
Art Assessment ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Online Catalogue ◽  
Qur'anic Exegesis

In this paper I aim to offer a state-of-the-art assessment of extant studies on qiraʾāt and tafsīr, and an overview of the development of research in Qur'anic exegesis, in al-Andalus. Over the last decade, humanities research has embraced the use of new methodologies, and different types of bio-bibliographical resources have recently become available within the field of Andalusī studies. As a result, we have at our disposal new tools that allow us to manage a larger amount of data, such as the HATA online catalogue, which will be employed to study the transmission of Andalusian exegetical knowledge in the Islamic world. Pilgrimages and studies trips (riḥlāt fī ṭalab al-ʿilm) have always been the main connection between al-Andalus and the Islamic East and, as it will be shown, certain Andalusī works are known nowadays in the contemporary Islamic world because of this medieval link. Therefore, this contribution will not only discuss the most famous tafsīr titles and authors within the Andalusian literary tradition, but also the diffusion of these Andalusian works to the Islamic East, as well as the reciprocal spread of major Arabic works into Andalusia.

scholarly journals Grand challenges in model-driven engineering: an analysis of the state of the research

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Bucchiarone ◽  
Jordi Cabot ◽  
Richard F. Paige ◽  
Alfonso Pierantonio
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Model Driven Engineering ◽  
Grand Challenges ◽  
Model Driven ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
State Of Practice ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Research Initiatives

AbstractIn 2017 and 2018, two events were held—in Marburg, Germany, and San Vigilio di Marebbe, Italy, respectively—focusing on an analysis of the state of research, state of practice, and state of the art in model-driven engineering (MDE). The events brought together experts from industry, academia, and the open-source community to assess what has changed in research in MDE over the last 10 years, what challenges remain, and what new challenges have arisen. This article reports on the results of those meetings, and presents a set of grand challenges that emerged from discussions and synthesis. These challenges could lead to research initiatives for the community going forward.

SEISMIC RESISTANT DESIGN OF CYLINDRICAL LIQUID STORAGE TANKS

1981 ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Vitelmo Bertero
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Behavior ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Liquid Storage ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Seismic Resistant ◽  
Recent Earthquakes

This is a paper that summarizes the state of the practice and state of the art in the prediction of seismic behavior of cylindrical liquid storage tanks. It can be divided into five parts. In the first part the seismic performance of these types of tanks during recent   earthquakes is brielfly reviewed. From this review it becomes evident that a large percentage of these tanks have failed or suffered severe damages. The different types of failure are classified into several categories. The second part of the paper discusses the desing of some of the thank that suffered damages andthe state of the practice is summarized by reviewing present seismic code desing provisions. Thirdly, the soundness of these code provisions is analyzed in view of the state of thank.  Results obtained in recent theoretical and experimental investigations of such behavior are summarized and implications regarding needed improvement in seismic desing are assessed. Results from analyses of an existing  thank using different methods are presented and compared. An improved procedure for the practical seismic resistant desing of these thanks is outlined in the fourth part of the paper. A series of practical desing rules which provide extra margins of safety are offered and the extra cost required is discussed. Finally, recommendations for future research to improve the desing and construction of this type of liquid storage thanks are formuated.

Understanding Diversity as Culture

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Salas ◽  
Maritza R. Salazar ◽  
Michele J. Gelfand
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Team Performance ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Group Processes ◽  
The State ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Key Issues

Cultural diversity—the degree to which there are differences within and between individuals based on both subjective and objective components of culture—can affect individual and group processes. However, much is still unclear about the effects of cultural diversity. We review the literature on cultural diversity to assess the state of the art and to identify key issues for future research. This review emphasizes the importance of understanding different types of cultural diversity and their independent and combined effect on team performance. We identify key contributions to the study of cultural diversity and discuss frontiers for future research.

Two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks with hierarchical porosity

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 3920-3951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong-Ran Liang ◽  
Shu-Yan Jiang ◽  
Ru-Han A ◽  
Xin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Covalent Organic Frameworks ◽  
Hierarchical Porosity ◽  
Different Types

This review highlights the state-of-the-art progress achieved in two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with hierarchical porosity, an emerging class of COFs constructed by integrating different types of pores into one framework.

LASER Combined with Plasma—Will It Be the Future’s Green and Safe IC Decapsulation Method

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Poirier ◽  
Michael Obein
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Etching ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Wet Chemistry ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Laser Techniques ◽  
Plasma Techniques

Abstract LASER techniques are widely used for pre-opening in combination with a final manual or automated wet chemistry decapsulation. Even if most of the ICs may be opened today, and if opening the recently introduced Ag wires packages have been solved with novel chemical recipes, the need for a greener and safer solution is still there. Plasma techniques combined with LASER can be a promising solution to these challenges. In this paper, after a presentation of the state of the art of the different techniques available in laboratories nowadays, the latest solution combining LASER and acid or plasma etching is presented. The paper compares the results obtained with these solutions on Cu an Ag wires devices with pros and cons for each solution. The results presented show the benefits, the constraints and the limitations of each technique regarding the different types of wires used in industry.

scholarly journals Evaluation Methods for the Impacts of Shared Mobility: Classification and Critical Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10504
Author(s):  
Anastasia Roukouni ◽  
Gonçalo Homem de Almeida Correia
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Shared Mobility ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Pros And Cons

In recent years, shared mobility services have had a growing presence in cities all over the world. Developing methodologies to measure and evaluate the impacts of shared mobility has therefore become of critical importance for city authorities. This paper conducts a thorough review of the different types of methods that can be used for this evaluation and suggests a classification of them. The pros and cons of each method are also discussed. The added value of the paper is twofold; first, we provide a systematic recording of the state of the art and the state of the practice regarding the evaluation of the impacts of shared mobility, from the perspective of city authorities, reflecting on their role, needs, and expectations. Second, by identifying the existing gaps in the literature, we highlight the specific needs for research and practice in this field that can help society figure out the role of urban shared mobility.

Review of recent trends in gas sensing technologies and their miniaturization potential

Sensor Review ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sari Lakkis ◽  
Rafic Younes ◽  
Yasser Alayli ◽  
Mohamad Sawan
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Recent Trends

Purpose – This paper aims to give an overview about the state of the art and novel technologies used in gas sensing. It also discusses the miniaturization potential of some of these technologies in a comparative way. Design/methodology/approach – In this article, the authors state the most of the methods used in gas sensing discuss their advantages and disadvantages and at last the authors discuss the ability of their miniaturization comparing between them in terms of their sensing parameters like sensitivity, selectivity and cost. Findings – In this article, the authors will try to cover most of the important methods used in gas sensing and their recent developments. The authors will also discuss their miniaturization potential trying to find the best candidate among the different types for the aim of miniaturization. Originality/value – In this article, the authors will review most of the methods used in gas sensing and discuss their miniaturization potential delimiting the research to a certain type of technology or application.

Business models in tourism – state of the art

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 1120-1134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Reinhold ◽  
Florian J. Zach ◽  
Dejan Krizaj
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Business Models ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Model Concept ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
State Of Research

Purpose This paper aims to review the state of the art for the Tourism Review special issue on “Business Models in Tourism”. The authors’ purpose is twofold: first, to contextualize the empirical and conceptual contributions featured in the special issue in relation to the state of research on business models in tourism. Second, the authors position the special issue in the broader scholarly conversation on business models to identify avenues for future research. Design/methodology/approach The authors systematically review the content of tourism-specific business model studies from leading literature databases to answer four questions relevant for future work on business models in tourism: First, how do tourism scholars define the business model concept? Second, what is the ontological stance (object, schema or tool) of existing studies of tourism business models? Third, what are the methodological preferences of existing work on business models in tourism? And finally, what qualifies as rigorous business model research? Findings From the critical review of 32 contributions, the authors identify a minimal consensus and dominant approach to conceptualizing the business model concept in tourism studies. In addition, the authors reveal a strong preference for small-n case study research designs. In sum, those findings point to important gaps and design decisions for future business model studies in tourism. Originality/value This review of the state of research on business models in tourism details research opportunities with regard to theory, methods and applications that tourism scholars can investigate to contribute to the theory and practice of business model management.

On the Maximization of Joint Velocities and Generalized Reactions in the Workspace and Singularity Analysis of Parallel Mechanisms

Robotica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 675-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Laryushkin ◽  
Victor Glazunov ◽  
Ksenia Erastova
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
External Load ◽  
Parallel Mechanism ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Screw Theory ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Singularity Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Parallel Mechanisms ◽  
Different Types

SummaryAn approach for calculating the maximum possible absolute values of joint velocities or generalized reactions in a leg of a parallel mechanism has been considered in this paper. The Jacobian analysis and the Screw theory-based methods have been used to acquire the result. These values are calculated for the “worst” directions of the external load or end-effector’s velocity for each leg. The feasibility of using these parameters as the measures of closeness to different types of parallel mechanism singularity is discussed. Further, how this approach is related to the state-of-the-art methods has been illustrated. The key aspect of the discussed approach is that the normalization of vectors or screws is carried out separately for angular and linear components. One possible advantage of such an approach is that it deals only with the kinematic and statics of the mechanism while still providing physically meaningful and practically applicable measures. Case studies of a 3-Degrees Of Freedom translational parallel mechanism and a planar parallel mechanism are presented for illustration and comparison.

Between Epigraph and Epigram: Pompeian Wall Writing and the Latin Literary Tradition

Ramus ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-222
Author(s):  
Kristina Milnor
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
The State ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Good Fortune ◽  
Public Monuments ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Marginal Means ◽  
The Phoenix

It has become a scholarly commonplace to remark that the ancient Roman city had, at least after the time of Augustus, a wide, varied, and almost omni-present regime of writing in public. This regime included texts of many different types, commercial, political, dedicatory; written with charcoal, paint, stylus or chisel; on stone, wood, plaster and mortar; on private houses, public monuments, temples, shops, baths, fountains and tombs. In part, this is due to what has come to be known as the ‘epigraphic habit’, the characteristically Roman practice of recording acts and events on stone. From the late Republic onwards, both public and private individuals who had even marginal means to hire a stonecutter left behind inscriptions—honorific, commemorative, funerary—which document multiple aspects of social life, from birth to death. Many of these texts have direct ties to civic authority: decrees of the Senate or the Emperor; dedicatory texts on buildings by consuls, tribunes or other magistrates; milestones, boundary markers, altars, statue bases and the like, all of which record the names of the officials responsible for their placement. The production of such publicly-readable texts, however, was not simply the purview of the state: wealthy private individuals also could and did erect monumental inscriptions, which often recorded some act of public beneficence like the construction of a building or the presentation of gladiatorial games. Other writing was less formal: thus, in Pompeii, the famouscaue canem(‘beware of the dog’) mosaic which marked the threshold of the House of the Tragic Poet; the bakery which featured a terracotta plaque with a phallus and the perhaps aspirational legendhic habitat felicitas(‘here dwells good fortune’); or the cookshop of Euxinus whose front sign announcesphoenix felix et tu(‘the phoenix is lucky, and so may you be!’). As William Harris once noted, ‘Roman cities…were full of things to read’.

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