scholarly journals Effectiveness of antiviral drug Kagocel® in complex treatment of viral and bacterial pneumonia in hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (27) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
A. F. Popov ◽  
A. I. Simakova ◽  
I. A. Komarova
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Therapy ◽  
Bacterial Pneumonia ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antibacterial Drug

Viruses that cause acute respiratory infections are currently widespread and are reported worldwide. Among the most dangerous among them are influenza viruses, with a difficult to predict course and the possibility of rapidly developing life-threatening complications that can lead to death.The purpose of the research work: to analyze the effectiveness and safety of the treatment of community-acquired viral-bacterial pneumonia in hospital patients using only antibacterial therapy as an etiotropic treatment in comparison with the combined use of antibacterial therapy and the antiviral drug Kagocel®.Materials and methods. An open, prospective comparative study was conducted (from January 1 to December 31, 2018) to study the effectiveness of monotherapy compared with combination therapy with the antiviral drug Kagocel® for 60 patients diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia who were admitted during the period of an epidemic rise in the incidence of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza. All patients were treated in the infectious ward of the Regional Clinical Hospital No. 2, (Vladivostok, Russia). Patients were divided into 2 groups, 30 people each, comparable in age, gender and timing of admission to the hospital. The age of patients ranged from 18 to 65 years. The first group consisted of patients who received an antibacterial drug (control group) as an etiotropic therapy, the second group — those who received a combination of antibacterial and antiviral (Kagocel®) drugs (experimental group).Results. In the group of patients receiving both antibacterial and antiviral therapy with Kagocel®, there was a significant reduction in the duration of the febrile period and catarrhal manifestations compared with patients taking only antibiotics as part of etiotropic therapy. An analysis of the data showed that the use of Kagocel® in the treatment of viral-bacterial pneumonia significantly facilitates the patient’s condition during the illness, shortens the duration of the disease, reduces the duration of the main clinical symptoms of pneumonia, namely the duration of intoxication, catarrhal syndromes, and physical changes in the lungs.Conclusions. The use of the antiviral drug Kagocel® in the treatment of community-acquired viral-bacterial pneumonia leads to a more rapid relief of the main symptoms of the disease and reduces the duration of the disease. Good tolerance of the therapy, the absence of adverse reactions was noted.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the effectiveness of ARVI treatment regimen including etiotropic (enisamium iodide) and symptomatic treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
D. A. Lioznov ◽  
E. J. Karnaukhova ◽  
T. G. Zubkova ◽  
E. V. Shakhlanskaya
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Symptomatic Therapy ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections

Aim. To assess the effectiveness of the use of the antiviral drug enisamium iodide in the complex treatment of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) caused by various pathogens in routine clinical practice. Materials and methods. А prospective randomized study included 134 patients who were treated in the epidemic season of influenza and ARVI in 20182019. All patients were examined for the presence of influenza A and B viruses, respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza virus, coronaviruses, rhinoviruses, adenoviruses in nasopharyngeal swabs by PCR. Patients of the main group received enisamium iodide along with symptomatic therapy, the control group received only symptomatic therapy. The primary parameter of the effectiveness of therapy was evaluated on the scale of the general severity of the manifestations of ARVI (Total Symptom Score TSS) from the 2nd to the 4th day and by the secondary criteria of effectiveness: assessment of the duration of ARVI, the severity of fever, the proportion of patients with normal body temperature, the duration of the main clinical symptoms of acute respiratory viral infections, the proportion of patients in whom complications requiring antibiotics were noted, the dynamics of interferon status on the 6th day. To conduct a statistical analysis, depending on the efficiency parameter, the ANCOVA method with a fixed group factor and an initial score on the TSS severity scale was used as covariates, a criterion for comparing quantitative indicators in two independent groups. Results. According to the results of the analysis of the primary efficacy parameter, the median (interquartile range) of the average score on the scale of the general severity of ARVI manifestations in the main group was 4.33 (3.675.83), in the comparison group 6.00 (4.677.25; p0.001). The duration of systemic and local manifestations of acute respiratory viral infections was statistically significantly less in the main group (p=0.002 and p=0.019, respectively). Prescription of additional therapy was required in 2 (2.9%) patients of the main group (patients taking enisamium iodide), compared with 8 (11.9%) patients in the control group. Serum levels of interferon  and interferon  on the last day of treatment were statistically significantly higher in patients of the main group compared with the control group (p0.001). Treatment (excellent) was evaluated by 42 (62.7%) patients, while in the control group only 17 (25.8%) patients gave similar ratings. Both patients (p0.001) and doctors (p0.002) rated therapy tolerance better in the study group. Conclusion. The results confirmed the safety and effectiveness of enisamium iodide as a treatment for ARVI and influenza. The antiviral, interferonogenic and anti-inflammatory properties of the drug are involved in the formation of an antiviral response and reduce the risk of complications, which makes it possible to reduce the number of symptomatic agents used.

scholarly journals Study of effectiveness of antiviral drugs (umifenovir, triazavirin) against acute respiratory viral infections

2018 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
E P Tikhonova ◽  
T Yu Kuz'mina ◽  
N V Andronova ◽  
O A Tyushevskaya ◽  
T A Elistratova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Therapy ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Antiviral Drugs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections ◽  
Adaptive Reactions

Aim. Comparative study of clinical efficacy and safety of antiviral drug triazavirin and umifenovir in the treatment of patients with acute respiratory viral infections and influenza. Methods. The study included 100 patients aged 18 to 65 years diagnosed with moderate acute respiratory viral infection. Group 1 included 34 patients receiving umifenovir 200 mg 4 times a day for 5 days, and comparison group included 32 patients who received triazavirin 1 capsule (250 mg) 3 times a day for 5 days. Group 3 (control group) included 34 patients not treated with antiviral therapy. Efficacy and safety of the studied antiviral drugs were evaluated based on clinical symptoms in the disease course and were confirmed by adaptive reactions of the organism. Results. Among patients receiving triazavirin, recovery time and fever, headache and catarrhal syndrome resolution time were less than among patients who received umifenovir. On triazavirin treatment with favorable tolerability, symptomatic medications (antipyretics) were discontinued, and the duration of their use was less, than in patients receiving umifenovir. Evaluation of clinical efficacy of umifenovir and triazavirin for the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza demonstrated that the drugs effectively reverse the main symptoms of the disease (p <0.05), reduce complications incidence (18.1±2.1% vs. 55.9±3.2%, p <0.05) and contribute to the stabilization of adaptive reactions of the organism in contrast to the results of patients not receiving etiotropic therapy (6.9±2.9% vs. 12.8±2.7, p <0.05). During the use of umifenovir by day 4 and during the use of triazavirin by day 3 intoxication and catarrhal syndromes had been reversed, while in case of the absence of antiviral therapy, 55.8% of patients had continuing intoxication and catarrhal symptoms. Conclusion. The results of the study allow defining umifenovir and triazavirin as the first line of defense against acute respiratory viral infections with good efficacy and tolerability of the drugs.

scholarly journals The local interferon-corrective therapy in children with congenital cleft lip and palate, suffering from the recurrent respiratory infections

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 368-374
Author(s):  
I. V. Nesterova ◽  
M. N. Mitropanova ◽  
G. A. Chudilova ◽  
S. V. Kovaleva ◽  
E. O. Khalturina
Keyword(s):  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Recurrent Respiratory Infections ◽  
Congenital Cleft ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

It is known that children with congenital cleft lip and palate are suffering from recurrent respiratory infections, which worsen the state of their health, and also complicate the results of reconstructive surgical treatment. The aim of the study was to detect defects of mucosal immunity in children with congenital cleft lip and palate, suffering from recurrent respiratory infections, and to create the program of local interferon corrective therapy with an assessment of its effectiveness. The studies included 56 children from the age of 1 to 3 years. Three groups of children were formed: group 1 – 26 children with congenital cleft lip and palate (antibiotic therapy); group 2 — 30 children with congenital cleft lip and palate (antibiotic therapy + local interferon therapy), group 3 — the control group. The clinical examination included a medical history, an assessment of the symptoms of recurrent episodes of acute respiratory infections and exacerbations of chronic infections. Microbiological studies were performed using standard methods. The status of local immunity was detected: the concentrations of secretory IgA, cytokines IL-17, IL-4, IL-6, IL-1β, IFNγ in the oral fluid were tested by ELISA. Results of the study established that in group 1 and group 2 clinical criteria of immunodeficiency with an infectious syndrome were revealed: repeated acute respiratory viral infections from 10 or more times a year, complicated by frequent exacerbations of chronic bacterial infection (up to 10 or more per year). Assessment of the state of local immunity in children with congenital cleft lip and palate revealed a lack of sIgA compared with the control group. Before treatment in group 2 oral fluid level of IL-17, IL-6 were statistically significant increase (p < 0.05); the results of the study also established increase in the level of IL-1β and a decrease in anti-inflammatory IL-4 and regulatory IFNγ relative to the control group (p > 0.05). After complex treatment with the inclusion of local interferon therapy in group 2 the appearance of sIgA, increase in the concentration of IL-4, IL-1β and a decrease IL-17 in oral fluid were observed (p > 0.05). The concentrations of IL-6, IFNγ did not change (p > 0.05). After treatment in group 2 there were a decrease in exacerbations of chronic upper respiratory tract infection and in frequency of acute respiratory viral infections compared with group 1 (p < 0.05). Positive clinical efficacy of local interferon therapy (the gel of recombinant IFNα2b in combination with oxidants — Viferon gel) in the process of staged rehabilitation of children with congenital cleft lip and palate has a protective clinical effect in reducing the frequency of acute respiratory viral infections, reducing the number of postoperative complications, reducing hospital stay, duration of antibacterial therapy and the number of exacerbations of chronic bacterial infection.

scholarly journals Respiratory viral infections in children: modalities for pathogenic treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 762-767
Author(s):  
S.V. Nikolaeva ◽  
◽  
Yu.N. Khlypovka ◽  
V.A. Zavolozhin ◽  
E.K. Shushakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Emerging Viruses ◽  
Therapeutic Measures ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections ◽  
Rhinovirus C

Respiratory viruses are the leading cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality worldwide. Rapid identification of a pathogen, epidemiological surveillance, description of symptoms, and the development of preventive and therapeutic measures are keystones to limit the spread of respiratory infections. Novel viruses with specific properties are regularly discovered. This paper addresses essential data on the most common viruses provoking acute respiratory infections, including whose in children and the pattern of their course. Conventionally, the most vital concern is flu. Influenza viruses provoke seasonal outbreaks, epidemics, and pandemics. Many studies demonstrate the role of rhinovirus C in the development of bronchiolitis and, subsequently, asthma. Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and SARS-CoV-2 provoking COVID-19 were recently described. Knowledge of known and newly emerging viruses is crucial for timely adequate medical care. The authors discuss major therapeutic strategies for acute respiratory infections that provide a more favorable course of infectious inflammation irrespective of viral etiology. KEYWORDS: acute respiratory infections, influenza virus, rhinovirus, coronavirus, pneumonia, interferon. FOR CITATION: Nikolaeva S.V., Khlypovka Yu.N., Zavolozhin V.A. et al. Respiratory viral infections in children: modalities for pathogenic treatment. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2021;5(11):762–767 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-11-762-767.

scholarly journals Perinatal viral hepatitis C and performance capabilities for its therapy

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
L. G Goryacheva ◽  
N. V Rogozina ◽  
V. A Greshnyakova ◽  
V. V Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Sustained Viral Response ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Biochemical Indices

The aim of the study: to establish the rate of the vertical transmission of HCV infection and justify the usefulness of the drug a-IFN2b (Viferon®) in children with perinatal infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) at the early stages of the disease. There were examined 465 children aged 2.5 months to 3 years old (at the time of the enrollment in the study), born to mothers with HCV infection and the frequency of transmission from mother to child was established to be is 7.1% (33 cases). In 54.5% the genotype 1b was recorded, in 3% - 1a, and in 6.0 % - 2 genotype. Viferon® drug in doses of 3х10 6IU/m 2 was introduced to 17 infants aged from 3 to 12 months (duration of the course: 6 months in cases with 3, 2 genotype and 12 months - in patients with genotype 1). The efficacy of therapy was 58.8 % (RNA HCV (-) 10 cases. In prescription the drug to children under 6 months the efficacy was 62.5%, under 6-12 months - 44.4%. In the control group (16patients) spontaneous viral clearance was established to be in 18.7% of cases. The medication did not cause adverse effects and was well tolerated by children. In none out of the 17 children treated with the drug Viferon®, we have not reported adverse events (clinical symptoms, abnormalities in the hemogram and biochemical indices). The obtained data confirm the expediency of the early use of antiviral drug Viferon® in the treatment of children with perinatal HCV. Nо significant difference in the efficacy of therapy in different genotypes of the virus was identified. Virtually in all children (9 out of 10 children) responded to Viferon® therapy, there was noted Sustained Viral Response

scholarly journals Effect of Huoxuejiangu Decoction on Osteoarthritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 03017
Author(s):  
Zike He ◽  
Kaifei He ◽  
Shangzeng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Sodium Hyaluronate ◽  
Effective Rate ◽  
Clinical Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Improvement Rate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective: To explore the clinical intervention effect of applying Huoxue Jiangu Decoction in the treatment of patients with osteoarthritis. Methods: Research work was carried out in our hospital from December 2018 to December 2019. A total of 100 patients with osteoarthritis received treatment during this period were selected and divided into two groups using random number method. One group was given sodium hyaluronate injection for treatment, which was the control group, and the other group was given Huoxuejiangu Decoction combined with sodium hyaluronate injection, which was the experimental group. The clinical treatment of the two groups of patients was compared and analyzed. Results: The patients' pain levels were compared. There was no significant difference between the groups before the intervention treatment. After treatment, the experimental group score was (3.05±0.55), which was lower than the control group, the improvement effect was more significant, and the difference between the groups was significant (P< 0.05), the experimental group had a better effect. The clinical treatment of the two groups of patients was compared and analyzed. There was no significant difference in the WOMAS index between the two groups before treatment. After treatment, the score of the experimental group was (34.33±6.98), and the improvement rate was (37.45±13.22). After treatment, the score was lower and the improvement rate was higher, which was significantly higher than the control group (P <0.05), which was significant. The treatment effective rate of the patients in the experimental group was 80.00%, and the treatment effective rate of the patients in the control group was 64.00%. When comparing, the effective rate of the experimental group was higher, and the data comparison between the groups was significantly different. Conclusion: For the patients with osteoarthritis, the application of Huoxue Jiangu Decoction has a significant clinical effect, which can reduce the patient's pain level, improve the patient's clinical symptoms, have high clinical value, and it can be promoted.

scholarly journals Antiviral Activity of Isoquinolone Derivatives against Influenza Viruses and Their Cytotoxicity

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 650
Author(s):  
Yejin Jang ◽  
Jinhe Han ◽  
Xiaoli Li ◽  
Hyunjin Shin ◽  
Won-Jea Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Polymerase Activity ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Viral Polymerase ◽  
Chemical Library ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Chemical Derivatives

Influenza viruses are one of the major causative agents for human respiratory infections. Currently, vaccines and antivirals approved for preventing and treating viral infections are available. However, limited protection efficacy and frequent emergence of drug-resistant viruses stand for a need for the development of antivirals with different chemical skeletons from existing drugs. Screening of a chemical library identified an isoquinolone compound (1) as a hit with 50% effective concentrations (EC50s) between 0.2 and 0.6 µM against the influenza A and B viruses. However, it exhibited severe cytotoxic effects with a 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) of 39.0 µM in canine kidney epithelial cells. To address this cytotoxic issue, we synthesized an additional 22 chemical derivatives. Through structure-activity, as well as structure-cytotoxicity relationship studies, we discovered compound 21 that has higher EC50 values ranging from 9.9 to 18.5 µM, but greatly alleviated cytotoxicity with a CC50 value over 300 µM. Mode-of-action and cell type-dependent antiviral experiments indicated that it targets viral polymerase activity and functions also in human cells. Here, we present a new class of viral polymerase inhibitors with a core skeleton of isoquinolone, of which antiviral activity could be better improved through following design and synthesis of its derivatives for drug development.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF THE ANTIVIRAL DRUG KAGOCEL® ON THE LEVELS OF MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES MMP-8 AND MMP-9 AND THEIR TISSUE INHIBITORS TIMP-1 AND TIMP-2 IN INDUCED SPUTUM IN THE COMBINED TREATMENT OF COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED VIRAL-BACTERIAL PNEUMONIA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Popov ◽  
E. V. Markelova ◽  
I. A. Komarova ◽  
A. V. Kosciuszko ◽  
M. Yu. Shchelkanov
Keyword(s):  
Reference Values ◽  
Bacterial Pneumonia ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Induced Sputum ◽  
Tissue Inhibitors ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Days Of Therapy

The effect of the antiviral drug Kagocel on the levels of metalloproteinases MMP-8 and MMP-9 and their tissue inhibitors TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in induced sputum in the treatment of community-acquired viral-bacterial pneumonia was analyzed. 60 adult patients with a confirmed diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia and viral-bacterial etiology were included in the follow-up research work. Materials and methods. All patients were randomly divided into 2 groups: 1 group (comparison group) included 30 patients receiving Ceftriaxone monotherapy; in the 2nd group (main) - 30 people who were prescribed Ceftriaxone and the antiviral drug Kagocel as etiotropic treatment. Both groups were comparable in terms of gender, age and time of admission to the hospital. Results. During hospitalization, patients in both groups had elevated levels of MMP-8, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in induced sputum compared to the reference values. By 7 days of inpatient treatment, the level of MMP-8 continued to be significantly higher than the reference values ​​in both groups, and in patients of the 2nd group there was a decrease compared to baseline values, and in patients in the 1st group at the same time. The activity of MMP-9 during hospitalization was also high in patients of both groups compared with the level of these enzymes in healthy people. By the 7th day of therapy various indicators' changes were recorded. The level of MMP-9 in patients of the 1st group increased, and in patients of the 2nd group - on the contrary - decreased. The level of TIMP-1 decreased in patients of the 1st group below the control value, and in patients of the 2nd group - reached the reference values. The level of TIMP-2 decreased in both groups and reached the level of control values. Conclusion. Inclusion in the standard antibacterial regimen of community-acquired viral-bacterial pneumonia of the antiviral drug Kagocel reduces the level of MMR-9 and reduces the severity of the imbalance in the MMP and TIMP system by 7 days of therapy, which leads to a faster clinical recovery of patients.

scholarly journals Clinical Effect of Buyang Huanwu Decoction in Treating Sequelae of Stroke

2020 ◽  
Vol 218 ◽  
pp. 03012
Author(s):  
Yujin Hou ◽  
Xiaosu Jie ◽  
Xin Guo ◽  
Yingying Zhang ◽  
Hua Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Clinical Effect ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Buyang Huanwu Decoction ◽  
Positive Meaning

Objective: To explore the clinical effect of applying Buyang Huanwu Decoction in the treatment of sequelae of stroke. Methods: The research work was carried out in our hospital, which was from November 2018 to November 2019. A total of 200 patients were selected for treatment during this period, all of whom were patients with sequelae of stroke, and 100 patients were grouped randomly. One group was given conventional acupuncture treatment as the control group, and the other group was given acupuncture combined with Buyang Huanwu Decoction treatment as the test group. The clinical effects of the two groups of patients were evaluated. Results: After treatment intervention, the treatment rates of the test group and the control group were 94.00% and 78.00%, respectively. The Fahl-Meyer score and Barthel index score of the test group were significantly higher than those of the control group, and the quality of life score was higher. There are significant data differences, which was statistically meaningful (P<0.05), and the test group has a better effect. Conclusion: The clinical effect of applying Buyang Huanwu Decoction in stroke patients is significant, which can improve the clinical symptoms and quality of life of patients, which has positive meaning for clinical development.

scholarly journals Sequential Immunization with Universal Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine Candidates Protects Ferrets against a High-Dose Heterologous Virus Challenge

Vaccines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Isakova-Sivak ◽  
Victoria Matyushenko ◽  
Tatiana Kotomina ◽  
Irina Kiseleva ◽  
Elena Krutikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Influenza Vaccines ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
T Cell Epitopes

The development of universal influenza vaccines has been a priority for more than 20 years. We conducted a preclinical study in ferrets of two sets of live attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIVs) expressing chimeric hemagglutinin (cHA). These vaccines contained the HA stalk domain from H1N1pdm09 virus but had antigenically unrelated globular head domains from avian influenza viruses H5N1, H8N4 and H9N2. The viral nucleoproteins (NPs) in the two sets of universal LAIV candidates were from different sources: one LAIV set contained NP from A/Leningrad/17 master donor virus (MDV), while in the other set this gene was from wild-type (WT) H1N1pdm09 virus, in order to better match the CD8 T-cell epitopes of currently circulating influenza A viruses. To avoid any difference in protective effect of the various anti-neuraminidase (NA) antibodies, all LAIVs were engineered to contain the NA gene of Len/17 MDV. Naïve ferrets were sequentially immunized with three doses of (i) classical LAIVs containing non-chimeric HA and NP from MDV (LAIVs (NP-MDV)); (ii) cHA-based LAIVs containing NP from MDV (cHA LAIVs (NP-MDV)); and (iii) cHA-based LAIVs containing NP from H1N1pdm09 virus (cHA LAIVs (NP-WT)). All vaccination regimens were safe, producing no significant increase in body temperature or weight loss, in comparison with the placebo group. The two groups of cHA-based vaccines induced a broadly reactive HA stalk-directed antibody, while classical LAIVs did not. A high-dose challenge with H1N1pdm09 virus induced significant pathology in the control, non-immunized ferrets, including high virus titers in respiratory tissues, clinical signs of disease and histopathological changes in nasal turbinates and lung tissues. All three vaccination regimens protected animals from clinical manifestations of disease: immunized ferrets did not lose weight or show clinical symptoms, and their fever was significantly lower than in the control group. Further analysis of virological and pathological data revealed the following hierarchy in the cross-protective efficacy of the vaccines: cHA LAIVs (NP-WT) > cHA LAIVs (NP-MDV) > LAIVs (NP-MDV). This ferret study showed that prototype universal cHA-based LAIVs are highly promising candidates for further clinical development.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document