scholarly journals EVALUATION OF WATER HYACINTH STEM ASH AS POZZOLANIC MATERIAL FOR USE IN BLENDED CEMENT

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neelu Das ◽  
Shashikant Singh
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Blended Cement ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Pozzolanic Material ◽  
Time Specific

 In this paper, the potential use of water hyacinth stem ash (WHA) in the partial replacement of cement is studied. WHA was used as a replacement for ordinary Portland cement at 10, 15, 20 and 25 wt. %. To evaluate the pozzolanic activity of WHA, the properties investigated were chemical composition, particle size, soundness, setting time, specific gravity, presence of crystalline matter, compressive strength, water absorption and sorption. Mortar cubes were tested for compressive strength up to the age of 56 days, whereas water absorption and sorption tests are carried out at the age of 28 days. Test results reveal that mortar cubes with 10% WHA substitution for Portland cement produced comparative compressive strength values to control mortar. It was also observed that the use of WHA in Portland cement has reduced water absorption characteristics.

scholarly journals Permeation Resistance of Sawdust Ash Blended Cement Laterized Concrete

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Olufemi Folagbade ◽  
Aluko Olawale
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Blended Cement ◽  
The Other ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Initial Surface ◽  
Surface Absorption ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Curing Age

This paper compared the initial surface absorption of conventional concrete and laterized concrete containing Portland cement (PC) and sawdust ash (SDA). Laterized concrete was produced at laterite contents of 15 and 30% as partial replacement for sand and SDA contents of 10 and 20% as partial replacement for PC. Compressive strengths at 28 days and initial surface absorption after 10 minutes (ISA-10) at 28, 60 and 90 days were determined at the water/cement ratios of 0.35, 0.50 and 0.65 and assessed at equal 28-day strengths of 25-35 N/mm2. At equal water/cement ratios, compressive strength reduced and ISA-10 increased with increasing content of laterite and SDA. On the other hand, compressive strength and resistance to surface absorption of the blended cement laterized concretes increased with increasing curing age. At equal strengths, all the blended cement laterized concretes have better resistance to surface absorption than the conventional PC concrete.

scholarly journals Effects of a Natural Mordenite as Pozzolan Material in the Evolution of Mortar Settings

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5343
Author(s):  
Jorge L. Costafreda ◽  
Domingo A. Martín ◽  
Leticia Presa ◽  
José Luis Parra
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Volcanic Glass ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Initial Setting Time ◽  
Pozzolanic Cement

This paper shows the results of a study focused on the evolution and properties of mortars made with a mixture of portland cement (PC) and natural mordenite (Mor). To begin, samples of mordenite, cement and sand were studied with X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and granulometric analysis (GA). Next, mortars with a ratio of 75% PC and 25% mordenite were prepared to determine their initial and final setting times, consistency and density. Continuing, the density, weight and compressive strength of the specimens were determined at 2, 7, 28, 90 and 365 days. Finally, the specimens were studied using SEM, XRD and XRF. The results of the study of the mordenite sample showed a complex constitution where the major mineral component is mordenite, and to a lesser degree smectite (montmorillonite), halloysite, illite, mica, quartz, plagioclase and feldspar, in addition to altered volcanic glass. Tests with fresh cement/mordenite mortar (CMM) showed an initial setting time of 320 min and a final setting time of 420 min, much longer than the 212–310 min of portland cement mortar (PCM). It was established that the consistency of the cement/mordenite mortar (CMM) was greater than that of the PCM. The results of the density study showed that the CMM has a lower density than the PCM. On the other hand, the density of cement/mordenite specimens (CMS) was lower than that of portland cement specimens (PCS). The CMS compressive strength studies showed a significant increase from 18.2 MPa, at 2 days, to 72 MPa, at 365 days, with better strength than PCS at 28 and 365 days, respectively. XRD, XRF and SEM studies conducted on CMS showed a good development of primary and secondary tobermorite, the latter formed at the expense of portlandite; also, ettringite developed normally. This work proves that the partial replacement of PC by mordenite does not have a negative effect on the increase in the mechanical strength of CMS. It indicates that the presence of mordenite inhibits the spontaneous hydration of C3A and controls the anomalous formation of ettringite (Ett). All this, together with the mechanical strength reported, indicates that mordenite has a deep and positive influence on the evolution of the mortar setting and is an efficient pozzolan, meaning it can be used in the manufacture of mortars and highly resistant pozzolanic cement, with low hydration heat, low density, stability in extremely aggressive places and a low impact on the environment.

scholarly journals Experimental Analysis on the Properties of Concrete Brick With Partial Replacement of Sand by Saw Dust and Partial Replacement of Coarse Aggregate by Expanded Polystyrene

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 27-36
Author(s):  
Anjana Ghimire ◽  
Sanjeev Maharjan
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
Expanded Polystyrene ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Sieve Analysis ◽  
Saw Dust

An experimental study had been conducted to study the effects of saw dust and EPS as partial replacement of sand and coarse aggregate in various percentages such as 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% in concrete brick samples of M20 and M15 Grade. Compressive strength, Bulk density and Water absorption of prepared saw dust and EPS M20 and M15 concrete brick were determined. The properties of materials were first determined before the conduction of experimental works. The normal consistency, initial and final setting time and compressive strength of cement used for the experiment were found as 31%,115 minutes, 265 minutes and 39.5 N/mm2 respectively. Sieve analysis to determine the particle size distribution of sand, coarse aggregates, saw dust and EPS was performed. From the sieve analysis, the nominal maximum size of sand, coarse aggregate, saw dust and EPS used for preparing concrete brick sample were 2.36 mm, 12.5 mm, 2.36 mm and 4.75 mm respectively. Impact value of coarse aggregate obtained was 11.20 %.The experimental results showed that water absorption of prepared M15 and M20 concrete brick samples increased with increase in percentage replacement of sand by saw dust and EPS by coarse aggregate. Compressive strength and Bulk density of prepared M15 and M20 concrete brick sample decreased with increase in percentage content of saw dust and EPS. The results showed that the partial replacement of sand by saw dust and coarse aggregate by EPS in concrete brick sample had sufficient strength as compared to common bricks.

scholarly journals Application of Corn Husk Ash as Partial Replacement for Cement in the Production of Interlocking Paving Stones

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (March 2018) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
A.A Raheem ◽  
S.I Adedokun ◽  
Q.A Uthman ◽  
A.O Adeyemi ◽  
O.M Oyeniyi
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Ordinary Portland Cement ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Replacement Level ◽  
Corn Husk ◽  
Pozzolanic Material ◽  
Increased Strength ◽  
Curing Age

As a way of converting agro-wastes into useful materials for the construction industry, this research considered the application of corn husk ash (CHA) as partial replacement for ordinary Portland cement (OPC) in the production of interlocking paving stones. The study investigated the oxide composition of CHA to ascertain its suitability as a pozzolanic material. Some properties of paving stones with CHA as a replacement for OPC were evaluated. The results showed that CHA is a good pozzolana having satisfied the required standards. The compressive strength of the specimens, with replacement levels ranging from 5 to 25% cured for periods of 3-56 days, was lower at early curing age but improved significantly at later age. Five percent (5%) replacement level showed increased strength compared to 0% CHA regardless of curing age. Density decreased with increasing CHA content, water absorption increased with CHA content, while abrasion resistance decreased with CHA substitution. The test results revealed that CHA paving stones at 5% replacement can attain higher strength than the conventional ones at longer curing periods due to its pozzolanic characteristics.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation on Effect of Partial Replacement of Cement with Bamboo Leaf Ash on Concrete Property

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Gashaw Abebaw ◽  
Bahiru Bewket ◽  
Shumet Getahun
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Sulfate Attack ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Bamboo Leaf Ash ◽  
Price Escalation

Ethiopia’s construction industry is aggressively expanding than ever before. Cement is the most essential and expensive material in this regard. Cement takes 10%–15% by volume of concrete. Nowadays, the construction industry is challenged by the scarcity of cement and price escalation of the cement market. However, scholars try to replace cement with pozzolanic material. Besides this, they investigated that bamboo leaf ash possesses pozzolanic properties. Ethiopia has about 850,000 hectares of lowland bamboo, so it is good to utilize bamboo leaf ash as a replacement material for cement. In this study, the capability of lowland Ethiopian bamboo leaf ash as a partial substitute for cement in C-25 concrete production with 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% replacement of OPC by BLA with 0.49 percent water-to-cement ratio was investigated. This study examines the chemical properties of BLA, physical properties of cement paste, workability, compressive strength, water absorption, density, and sulfate attack of concrete. The chemical composition of bamboo leaf ash was examined, the summation of SiO2, AlO3, and FeO3 is 76.35%, and the ash was classified class N pozzolan. The normal consistency percentage of water increases as the BLA replacement amount increases, and both initial and final setting time ranges increase as the BLA replacement amount increases. The compressive strength of concrete for 5% and 10% BLA achieves the target mean strength (33.5 MPa) on the 28th day, and on the 56th day, 5% and 10% replacements increase the concrete strength by 1.84% and 0.12%, respectively. The water absorption and sulfate attack have significant improvement of the BLA-blended concrete on 5% and 10% BLA content. According to the findings, bamboo leaf ash potentially substitutes cement up to 10%. The outcome of the study will balance the cement price escalation and increase housing affordability without compromise in quality.

scholarly journals Pozzolanic and mechanical properties of Date Palm Seed Ash (Dpsa) concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 680-686
Author(s):  
A.S.J. Smith ◽  
G. Xu ◽  
M.J. Garba ◽  
M.Y. Aliyu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Setting Times ◽  
Compressive Strength Test

This paper presents the findings of a research work conducted on how to improve the mechanical properties of concrete using Date Palm Seed Ash (DPSA) as partial replacement of cement. The DPSA used was obtained by controlled burning of date palm seed in a kiln at a maximum temperature of 630oC for eight hours and air cooled afterwards. The ash obtained was sieved through 75μm sieve and its oxide composition analysed using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) procedures. DoE method of mix design was used to produce concrete ingredients for grade 30N/mm2 giving a water-cement ratio of 0.53. The effect of partial replacement of cement with DPSA on cement paste and concrete using 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 15 and 20% DPSA was investigated through consistency and setting times tests, workability test, compressive strength test (at 7, 21, 28 and 56 days curing duration), pozzolanic activity index evaluation and water absorption test. Results show that DPSA has high silicon dioxide (45.50%), aluminum oxide (20.75%) and Iron oxide (7.25%). Findings indicate that the consistency and setting times of cement-DPSA paste increased with increase in the replacement of cement with DPSA. The workability of DPSA concrete decreased with increase in cement replacement. Compressive strength test results show that cement can be replaced with DPSA up to 10% as the compressive strength at 10% replacement is 31.5N/mm2 as against the 31N/mm2 of the normal concrete, at 56 days. The pozzolanic activity index result also show that DPSA concrete meets up the minimum requirement of 75% specified by ASTM C618-15. Also, the water absorption capacity of DPSA concrete at the highest replacement (20%) is 11% less than that at 0%. Keywords: Cement, Compressive strength, Concrete, Date palm seed ash, Partial replacement, Pozzolana

scholarly journals Influence of Agricultural Waste Ash as Pozzolana on the Physical Properties and Compressive Strength of Cement Mortar

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
O. Bagcal ◽  
M. Baccay
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Masonry Construction ◽  
Pozzolanic Material ◽  
Mix Proportion ◽  
Increasing Demand

Abstract The increasing demand in cement has inspired researchers in both developed and developing countries around the world to explore and consider alternative materials as partial replacement of cement both in concrete and in mortar. In this study, the influence of agricultural waste, particularly corn cob ash, (CCA) as pozzolanic material or supplementary cementitious material (SCM) on the physical properties and compressive strength of cement mortar was investigated. CCA was used as partial replacement of cement ranging from 0% to 20% by weight at water-cementitious ratio of 0.6 and mix proportion of 1 cementitious: 3 fillers. The physical properties evaluated for the mortar paste were setting time and consistency; and compressive strength of hardened mortar cube. The chemical analysis of CCA was conducted, and results indicated that the CCA used in this study is classified as Class C pozzolana with combined SiO2 + Al2O3 + Fe2O3 of 55.86%. The addition of CCA increases the initial and final setting time. The study also revealed that the addition of CCA in the mortar mix reduces the plasticity or fluidity of the paste. Further, the result indicated that the compressive strength of mortars with CCA decreased as the amount of CCA replacements increased in the mixture. The mortar pastes with varying amount of cement replacements, however, are superior for use as mortar for masonry construction.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Wood Ash Cement Mortar Incorporating Green-Synthesized Nano-TiO2

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bolanle Deborah Ikotun ◽  
Akeem Ayinde Raheem
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Wood Ash ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Nano Tio2 ◽  
Setting Times ◽  
Binder Ratio ◽  
Water To Binder Ratio

AbstractThis paper presents the findings of an investigation into the influence of green-synthesized nano-TiO2 on the characteristics of wood ash (WA) cement mortar. Mortar specimens were prepared by partial replacement of cement with WA (10% by weight) and addition of 1, 2 and 3% nano-TiO2 by weight of binder; using constant water-to-binder ratio (w/b) for all mixtures. The properties evaluated are setting time of the binder and flexural and compressive strength with water absorption of the mortar. The results indicated that addition of 1 and 2% nano-TiO2 reduced setting times of WA cement paste. Also, the flexural and compressive strength of WA cement mortar were higher with the incorporation of up to 2% nano-TiO2. The water absorption of WA cement mortar was reduced when nano-TiO2 was added with 2% incorporation having the best result. The incorporation of NT in WA cement mortar improved its workability and strength characteristics.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT WITH RICE HUSK ASH AND CELLULOSE INDUSTRIAL RESIDUE ON COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Ordinary Portland Cement ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Control Test ◽  
Industrial Residue

In this research work, the effect of rice husk ash on concrete produced with cellulose industrial residue was studied. A mix proportion of 1:1.8:3.7 with water cement ratio of 0.47 were used. The percentage replacement of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) with cellulose industrial residue and rice husk ash used were 0%, 5%, 10%, 20% 30% and 40%. Concrete cubes of 150mm x 150mm x 150mm of Ordinary Portland Cement/Cellulose Industrial Residue and Ordinary Portland Cement/Cellulose Industrial Residue/Rice Ash were cast and cured at 3,7,28,60 and 90 days respectively. At the end of each hydration period, the concrete cubes were crushed and their compressive strength were determined. The result of compressive strength of 5-40% replacement of cement with cellulose industrial residue ranges from 13.02-32.81 N/mm2 as against 25.60-42.08N/mm2 for the control test. The result of the compressive strength of 5-40% replacement of cement with Cellulose Industrial Residue and Rice Husk Ash ranges from 13.17-36.30N/mm2 as against 25.60-42.08N/mm2 for the control test. The result of the initial and final setting time of Ordinary Portland Cement/Cellulose Industrial Residue and Cement/Cellulose Industrial Residue/Rice Husk Ash for 5-40% replacement of cement ranges from 61-118mins, 58-110mins and 620 – 836mins, 598 – 799mins respectively as against 52mins and 590mins for the control test. The main conclusion of this study is that the incorporation rice husk ash into cellulose industrial residue increase the strength of concrete produced. The objective of this study is to assess the strength of concrete produced when two pozzolanic materials were used to replace cement in producing concrete.

scholarly journals Use of Rice Husk-Bark Ash in Producing Self-Compacting Concrete

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumrerng Rukzon ◽  
Prinya Chindaprasirt
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Chloride Penetration ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Replacement Level ◽  
Self Compacting Concrete ◽  
Rice Husk Bark Ash ◽  
Better Than

This paper presents the use of blend of Portland cement with rice husk-bark ash in producing self-compacting concrete (SCC). CT was partially replaced with ground rice husk-bark ash (GRHBA) at the dosage levels of 0%–40% by weight of binder. Compressive strength, porosity, chloride penetration, and corrosion of SCC were determined. Test results reveal that the resistance to chloride penetration of concrete improves substantially with partial replacement of CT with a blend of GRHBA and the improvement increases with an increase in the replacement level. The corrosion resistances of SCC were better than the CT concrete. In addition, test results indicated that the reduction in porosity was associated with the increase in compressive strength. The porosity is a significant factor as it affects directly the durability of the SCC. This work is suggested that the GHRBA is effective for producing SCC with 30% of GHRBA replacement level.

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