scholarly journals Sequential Storage and Release of Microdroplets for On and Off-chip Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zenon Toprakcioglu ◽  
Tuomas Knowles
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Phase ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Computational Simulations ◽  
Droplet Deformation ◽  
Critical Rate ◽  
Storage And Retrieval ◽  
Key Features ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Chip Analysis

Droplet microfluidic methods have opened up the possibility of studying a plethora of phenomena ranging from biological to physical or chemical processes at ultra-low volumes and high throughput. A key component of such approaches is the ability to trap droplets for observation, and many device architectures for achieving this objective have been developed. A challenge with such approaches is, however, recovering the droplets following their confinement for applications involving further analysis. Here, we present a device capable of generating, confining and releasing microdroplets in a sequential manner. Through a combination of experimental and computational simulations, we shed light on the key features required for successful droplet storage and retrieval. Moreover, we explore the effect of the ow rate of the continuous phase on droplet release, determining that a critical rate is needed to ensure complete droplet deformation through constrictions holding the droplets in place prior to release. Finally, we find that once released, droplets can be retrieved and collected off chip. The ability to generate, store and sequentially release droplets renders such a device particularly promising for future applications where reactions may not only be monitored on-chip, but droplets can be retrieved for further analysis, facilitating new exploratory avenues in the fields of analytical chemistry and biology.

scholarly journals Sequential storage and release of microdroplets

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zenon Toprakcioglu ◽  
Tuomas P. J. Knowles
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Chemistry ◽  
Continuous Phase ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Computational Simulations ◽  
Droplet Deformation ◽  
Critical Rate ◽  
Storage And Retrieval ◽  
Key Features ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Shed Light

AbstractDroplet microfluidic methods have opened up the possibility of studying a plethora of phenomena ranging from biological to physical or chemical processes at ultra low volumes and high throughput. A key component of such approaches is the ability to trap droplets for observation, and many device architectures for achieving this objective have been developed. A challenge with such approaches is, however, recovering the droplets following their confinement for applications involving further analysis. Here, we present a device capable of generating, confining and releasing microdroplets in a sequential manner. Through a combination of experimental and computational simulations, we shed light on the key features required for successful droplet storage and retrieval. Moreover, we explore the effect of the flow rate of the continuous phase on droplet release, determining that a critical rate is needed to ensure complete droplet deformation through constrictions holding the droplets in place prior to release. Finally, we find that once released, droplets can be retrieved and collected off chip. The ability to generate, store and sequentially release droplets renders such a device particularly promising for future applications where reactions may not only be monitored on-chip, but droplets can also be retrieved for further analysis, facilitating new exploratory avenues in the fields of analytical chemistry and biology.

scholarly journals Integrating Biosensors in Organs-on-Chip Devices: A Perspective on Current Strategies to Monitor Microphysiological Systems

Biosensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Ferrari ◽  
Cecilia Palma ◽  
Simone Vesentini ◽  
Paola Occhetta ◽  
Marco Rasponi
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Biological Models ◽  
Electromechanical Properties ◽  
Human Organs ◽  
Tissue Constructs ◽  
Microphysiological Systems ◽  
Metabolic Activities ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Chip Analysis

Organs-on-chip (OoC), often referred to as microphysiological systems (MPS), are advanced in vitro tools able to replicate essential functions of human organs. Owing to their unprecedented ability to recapitulate key features of the native cellular environments, they represent promising tools for tissue engineering and drug screening applications. The achievement of proper functionalities within OoC is crucial; to this purpose, several parameters (e.g., chemical, physical) need to be assessed. Currently, most approaches rely on off-chip analysis and imaging techniques. However, the urgent demand for continuous, noninvasive, and real-time monitoring of tissue constructs requires the direct integration of biosensors. In this review, we focus on recent strategies to miniaturize and embed biosensing systems into organs-on-chip platforms. Biosensors for monitoring biological models with metabolic activities, models with tissue barrier functions, as well as models with electromechanical properties will be described and critically evaluated. In addition, multisensor integration within multiorgan platforms will be further reviewed and discussed.

A Microfluidic Platform for On-Chip Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Darabi ◽  
Joseph Schober
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Automated Image Analysis ◽  
Rare Cancer ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Chip Analysis ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Studies have shown that primary tumor sites begin shedding cancerous cells into peripheral blood at early stages of cancer, and the presence and frequency of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in blood is directly proportional to disease progression. The challenge is that the concentration of the CTCs in peripheral blood may be extremely low. In the past few years, several microfluidic-based concepts have been investigated to isolate CTCs from whole blood. However, these devices are generally hampered by complex fabrication processes and very low volumetric throughputs, which may not be practical for rapid clinical applications. This paper presents a high-performance yet simple magnetophoretic microfluidic chip for the enrichment and on-chip analysis of rare CTCs from blood. Microscopic and flow cytometric assays developed for selection of cancer cell lines, selection of monoclonal antibodies, and optimization of bead coupling are discussed. Additionally, on-chip characterization of rare cancer cells using high resolution immunofluorescence microscopy and modeling results for prediction of CTC capture length are presented. The device has the ability to interface directly with on-chip pre and post processing modules such as mixing, incubation, and automated image analysis systems. These features will enable us to isolate rare cancer cells from whole blood and detect them on the chip with subcellular resolution.

scholarly journals ChIP-on-chip analysis of thyroid hormone-regulated genes and their physiological significance

Oncotarget ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (16) ◽  
pp. 22448-22459 ◽  
Author(s):  
I-Hsiao Chung ◽  
Hsuan Liu ◽  
Yang-Hsiang Lin ◽  
Hsiang-Cheng Chi ◽  
Ya-Hui Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Physiological Significance ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Chip Analysis

Design of Router Supporting Multiply Routing Algorithm for NoC

2014 ◽  
Vol 981 ◽  
pp. 431-434
Author(s):  
Zhan Peng Jiang ◽  
Rui Xu ◽  
Chang Chun Dong ◽  
Lin Hai Cui
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
Network On Chip ◽  
System On Chip ◽  
Low Latency ◽  
Deterministic Routing ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Design Challenge ◽  
On Chip

Network on Chip(NoC)，a new proposed solution to solve global communication problem in complex System on Chip (SoC) design，has absorbed more and more researchers to do research in this area. Due to some distinct characteristics, NoC is different from both traditional off-chip network and traditional on-chip bus，and is facing with the huge design challenge. NoC router design is one of the most important issues in NoC system. The paper present a high-performance, low-latency two-stage pipelined router architecture suitable for NoC designs and providing a solution to irregular 2Dmesh topology for NoC. The key features of the proposed Mix Router are its suitability for 2Dmesh NoC topology and its capability of suorting both full-adaptive routing and deterministic routing algorithm.

Chromosome conformation capture-on-chip analysis of long-range cis-interactions of the SOX9 promoter

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 781-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Smyk ◽  
Przemyslaw Szafranski ◽  
Michał Startek ◽  
Anna Gambin ◽  
Paweł Stankiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Chromosome Conformation Capture ◽  
Chromosome Conformation ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Chip Analysis

Advanced 3D Packaging of Chips and Materials Integrity: Stress-Induced Effects and Mechanical Properties of New Ultra Low-k Dielectrics for On-Chip Interconnect Stacks

2013 ◽  
Vol 592-593 ◽  
pp. 563-568
Author(s):  
Christoph Sander ◽  
Martin Gall ◽  
Kong Boon Yeap ◽  
Ehrenfried Zschech
Keyword(s):  
Computing Time ◽  
Orientation Dependence ◽  
Chip Design ◽  
Simulation Methodology ◽  
3D Packaging ◽  
Internal Mechanical Stress ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Physics Based Simulation ◽  
Low K ◽  
Chip Analysis

Managing the emerging internal mechanical stress in chips particularly if they are 3D-tscked is a key task to maintain performance and reliability of microelectronic products. Hence, a strong need of a physics-based simulation methodology/flow emerges. This physics-based simulation, however, requires materials parameters with high accuracy. A full-chip analysis can then be performed, balancing the need for local resolution and computing time. Therefore, effective composite-type materials data for several regions of interest are needed. Advanced techniques to measure FEA-and design-relevant properties such as local and effective Youngs modulus and effective CTE values were developed and described in this paper. These data show a clear orientation dependence, caused by the chip design.

scholarly journals Deformation characteristics of a single droplet driven by a piezoelectric nozzle of the drop-on-demand inkjet system

2019 ◽  
Vol 869 ◽  
pp. 634-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shangkun Wang ◽  
Yonghong Zhong ◽  
Haisheng Fang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Pressure Wave ◽  
Deformation Process ◽  
Deformation Characteristics ◽  
Single Droplet ◽  
Computational Simulations ◽  
Droplet Deformation ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Drop On Demand ◽  
Maximum Value

In the drop-on-demand (DOD) inkjet system, deformation process and the direct relations between the droplet motions and the liquid properties have been seldom investigated, although they are very critical for the printing accuracy. In this study, experiments and computational simulations regarding deformation of a single droplet driven by a piezoelectric nozzle have been conducted to address the deformation characteristics of droplets. It is found that the droplet deformation is influenced by the pressure wave propagation in the ink channel related to the driven parameters and reflected in the subsequent droplet motions. The deformation extent oscillates with a certain period of $T$ and a decreasing amplitude as the droplet moves downwards. The deformation extent is found strongly dependent on the capillary number ($Ca$), first ascending and then descending as the number increases. The maximum value of the deformation extent is surprisingly found to be within range of 0.068–0.082 of the $Ca$ number regardless of other factors. Furthermore, the Rayleigh’s linear relation of the oscillation frequency of the droplet to the parameter, $\sqrt{\unicode[STIX]{x1D70E}/\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}r^{3}}$ (where $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70E}$ is the surface tension coefficient, $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}$ is the density and $r$ is the droplet’s radius), is updated with a smaller slope shown both by experiment and simulation.

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