Evaluation of feeding spray-dried bovine plasma protein on production performance of laying hens exposed to high ambient temperatures

Abstract Fermentable fiber may increase endogenous losses of P and AA, thereby reducing apparent nutrient digestibility. Acacia gum fiber with medium-to-high fermentability and low viscosity was used to investigate its effect on apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients, and standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of P in grower pigs. A P-free basal diet (49% corn starch; 18% bovine plasma protein) was formulated to measure basal endogenous P losses (EPL). Three diets were formulated to include 2.5, 5.0, or 7.5% acacia gum fiber at the expense of corn starch in the P-free basal diet. Diets contained 16.1–17.4% CP and 0.31–0.33% total P (DM-basis). The 4 diets were fed to 8 ileal-cannulated barrows (initial BW, 54.6 kg) for four 9-d periods in a double 4 × 4 Latin square. Apparent hindgut fermentation (AHF) was ATTD minus AID. Increasing inclusion of acacia gum quadratically decreased (P < 0.01) AID of DM (∆ 11.1%), linearly decreased (P < 0.05) ATTD of DM (∆ 1.7%) CP (∆ 1.2%), and quadratically increased (P < 0.05) AHF of DM (∆ 9.4%). Basal EPL were 391 and 377 mg/kg DM intake (DMI) for ileum and total tract, respectively. Increasing inclusion of fiber linearly increased (P < 0.05) ileal EPL (∆ 184 mg/kg DMI), and tended to linearly increase (P < 0.10) EPL for total tract (∆ 243 mg/kg DMI). Dietary inclusion of acacia gum tended to linearly decrease (P < 0.10) AID of P, but did not affect (P > 0.10) ATTD, or STTD of P. In conclusion, increasing inclusion of fermentable, low viscous acacia gum fiber decreased diet digestibility of DM and ATTD of CP, but did not affect total tract P digestibility, indicating that increasing fermentable fiber did not increase specific endogenous losses of P in the total tract.

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Effect of the Pellet and Mash Feed Forms on the Productive Performance, Egg Quality, Nutrient Metabolism, and Intestinal Morphology of Two Laying Hen Breeds

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11030701 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 701

Author(s):

Yi Wan ◽

Ruiyu Ma ◽

Anam Khalid ◽

Lilong Chai ◽

Renrong Qi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Feed Intake ◽

Laying Hens ◽

Egg Quality ◽

Laying Hen ◽

Intestinal Morphology ◽

Production Performance ◽

Apparent Digestibility ◽

Villus Height ◽

Nutrient Metabolism ◽

Feed Form

One of the most important factors that determine feed utilization by chickens is the feed form. Although it is generally believed that pellet diets have a positive effect on chicken growth, there are some studies that have indicated no difference between pellet and mash on chickens performance. This study was conducted to assess the effects of feed form on production performance, egg quality, nutrient metabolism and intestinal morphology in two breed laying hens. Two hundred and sixteen 25-week-old Hy-Line brown (n = 108) and Hy-Line grey (n = 108) hens were selected. Each breed was randomly allocated into two treatments with 6 replications (9 birds in each replication), which were fed mash and pellet diets, respectively. Production performances were recorded daily and egg quality traits were measured every two weeks. At 42 weeks of age, one bird per replication from each experimental group was selected for metabolism determination and intestine morphology observation. Compared with mash diets, pellet diets improved laying rate (p < 0.05), ADFI (average daily feed intake, p < 0.05), egg weight, shell strength, yolk proportion and Haugh unit (p < 0.05) in both breeds and reduced the FCR (feed conversion ratio, p < 0.05) in Hy-Line grey. The apparent digestibility of DM% (dry matter) and CP% (crude protein) were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in both breed laying hens fed pellet than those fed mash. The apparent digestibility of P% (phosphorus) and Ca% (calcium) was higher in Hy-Line grey fed pellet and was higher in Hy-Line brown fed mash. Compared to mash diets, pellet diets increased the VH (villus height), CD (crypt depth) and VCR (ratio of villus height to crypt depth) of the small intestine of Hy-Line grey, and increased the VH and CD of duodenum and ileum of Hy-Line brown. Overall, pellet diets improved production performance and nutrition metabolism through positive changes in the laying rate, feed intake, egg albumen quality and apparent digestibility of laying hens. The current findings provided support for the advantages of feeding pellets during the peak egg laying period for the two popular laying hen strains, Hy-Line brown and Hy-Line grey.

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Effects of Bacillus subtilis on Production Performance, Bone Physiological Property, and Hematology Indexes in Laying Hens

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11072041 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 2041

Author(s):

Xinyu Zou ◽

Sha Jiang ◽

Mi Zhang ◽

Haiqiang Hu ◽

Xiaoling Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Egg Production ◽

Laying Hens ◽

Maximum Load ◽

Physiological Property ◽

Production Performance ◽

Feed Additive ◽

Basic Diet ◽

Bone Damage ◽

Diet Control

This study was to investigate the effects of Bacillus subtilis on production performance and bone pathophysiological characteristics of layers. Twenty-four 48-week-old Lohmann Pink-shell laying hens were randomly divided into two groups: a basic diet (control) and the basic diet mixed with Bacillus subtilis (0.5 g/kg) for a 60-day trial. Statistically, independent-sample t-test was used to assess the treatment differences. The results showed that Bacillus subtilis supplementation improved the percent of marketable eggs (p < 0.05) with reduced numbers of broken and soft-shelled eggs but had no effects on egg weight, height of albumen, yolk color, and Haugh unit (p > 0.05). Bacillus subtilis supplement also elevated maximum load (p = 0.06), maximum stress (p = 0.01), stiffness (p < 0.01), and Young’s modulus (p < 0.01) but suppressed maximum strain (p = 0.06) in the femur. In addition, compared with control birds, phosphorous concentration (p < 0.01) was reduced in serum at day 61 but increased in the femur (p < 0.05) in Bacillus subtilis fed birds. Bacillus subtilis fed birds also had lower magnesium concentrations in both femur (p = 0.04) and feces (p = 0.09). Furthermore, Bacillus subtilis increased plasma estrogen concentration (p = 0.01) and femur TNF receptor superfamily member 11b (OPG) expression (p < 0.05) but reduced plasma IL-1 (p < 0.01) and TNF-α (p < 0.01) concentrations. These results indicate that Bacillus subtilis could be used as a health promotor to reduce overproduction-induced inflammation and associated bone damage and to increase marketable egg production. The data provide evidence for developing a management strategy to use Bacillus subtilis as a feed additive to improve marketable egg production and health and welfare status of laying hens.

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Bovine plasma protein as an alternative protein source in extruded aquafeeds for Piaractus mesopotamicus (pacú) at two fattening stages

Aquaculture Nutrition ◽

10.1111/anu.13015 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 536-544

Author(s):

Carla Bacchetta ◽

Andrea S. Rossi ◽

Raúl E. Cian ◽

David R. Hernández ◽

Sebastián Sánchez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plasma Protein ◽

Protein Source ◽

Piaractus Mesopotamicus ◽

Alternative Protein ◽

Bovine Plasma

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Research Note: Effect of Tu-Chung Leaf (Eucommia ulmoides) on Egg Production Performance, Egg Quality, and Fat Metabolism in Laying Hens at a Late Production Stage

Poultry Science ◽

10.3382/ps.0722176 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 72 (11) ◽

pp. 2176-2179 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

T. MURAMATSU ◽

K. ASAKURA ◽

J. OKUMURA ◽

S. TAKAHASHI ◽

K. TOYOSHIMA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Egg Production ◽

Laying Hens ◽

Egg Quality ◽

Fat Metabolism ◽

Research Note ◽

Production Performance ◽

Eucommia Ulmoides ◽

Production Stage

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Effect of the Feed Additive Clinoptilolite (ZeoFeed) on Nutrient Metabolism and Production Performance of Laying Hens

Acta Veterinaria Brno ◽

10.2754/avb201079s9s029 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 79 (9) ◽

pp. S29-S34 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Miroslav Macháček ◽

Vladimír Večerek ◽

Nora Mas ◽

Pavel Suchý ◽

Eva Straková ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Laying Hens ◽

Laying Hen ◽

Production Performance ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Control Group ◽

Egg Weight ◽

Indicator Method ◽

Balance Tests ◽

Gross Energy

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of two levels of clinoptilolite administered in feed (2% and 4%) on some selected performance indicators, metabolic utilization of basic nutrients and the health status of laying hens. The selected 24 Bovans Goldline hybrid laying hens were divided into three equal groups, two experimental groups (E1 and E2) and one control group (C). The laying hens were housed individually in cages with an automatic supply of drinking water, manual feeding, in a setting with controlled light and temperature regimens. Hens from individual groups were all fed a complete feed mix of the same composition and the only difference was in clinoptilolite supplementation: feed mixes for E1 and E2 groups contained 2% and 4% of clinoptilolite (commercial additive ZeoFeed) respectively, replacing the same amounts of wheat. The hens received feed mixes and drinking water ad libitum. During this 28-day experiment, feed consumption and the number and weight of eggs laid were monitored individually for each hen. At the end of the experiment, the balance test using the indicator method (Cr2O3) was performed in all eight hens in each of the groups. The results of balance tests were then used to calculate the metabolic utilization of selected nutrients (nitrogen, fat, ash, nitrogen-free extracts, starch, gross energy, Ca, P). After the balance tests, blood samples for haematological and biochemical examinations were collected via puncture of the vena basilica. The addition of 2% clinoptilolite to feed mix resulted in a highly significant (P ⪬ 0.01) increase in mean egg weight to 64.69 g, but the addition of 4% clinoptilolite in group E2 resulted in a highly significant (P ⪬ 0.01) decrease in mean egg weight to 62.20 g compared to the control (63.73 g). Moreover, daily feed mix consumption in group E1 decreased to 114 g per one laying hen/day compared to the controls (118 g per one laying hen/day). In group E2 (4% clinoptilolite), daily consumption of feed mix increased compared with the controls to 124 g. The 2% clinoptilolite supplementation of E1 group feed slightly increased metabolic utilization of fat, nitrogen-free extracts, starch and gross energy compared to group C. Results of haematological test of the hens’ blood showed significant changes in haemoglobin, whose values in groups C and E1 were significantly higher (P ⪬ 0.05) than in group E2. Differences in the values of the biochemical indicators monitored (total protein, glucose, cholesterol, triacylglycerols, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and the AST enzyme) between group C and experimental groups E1 and E2 were not significant and remained within the range of reference values.

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