scholarly journals Research Progress of Carrier-Free Antitumor Nanoparticles Based on Phytochemicals

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siliang Jiang ◽  
Yu Fu ◽  
Xinyang Zhang ◽  
Tong Yu ◽  
Bowen Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Increase Cancer Risk ◽  
Traditional Treatment ◽  
Acquired Drug Resistance ◽  
Nanodrug Delivery ◽  
Carrier Free

Cancer is a major worldwide public health issue, responsible for millions of deaths every year. Cancer cases and deaths are expected to increase rapidly with population growth, age, and lifestyle behaviors that increase cancer risk. Long-term chemotherapy results in acquired drug resistance. Traditional treatment methods have limitations and cannot effectively treat distal metastatic cancers. Application of nanocarriers in multi-chemotherapy must be promoted. With research progress, the shortcomings of traditional nanocarriers have gradually become evident. Carrier-free nanodrugs with desirable bioactivity have attracted considerable attention. In this review, we provide an overview of recent reports on several carrier-free nanodrug delivery systems based on phytochemicals. This review focuses on the advantages of carrier-free nanodrugs, and provides new insights for establishment of ideal cancer treatment nanosystems.

scholarly journals Global Health Impacts of Dust Storms: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 117863022110183
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Aghababaeian ◽  
Abbas Ostadtaghizadeh ◽  
Ali Ardalan ◽  
Ali Asgary ◽  
Mehry Akbary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Dust Storms ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Emergency Medical Dispatch ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
English Articles

Background: Dust storms and their impacts on health are becoming a major public health issue. The current study examines the health impacts of dust storms around the world to provide an overview of this issue. Method: In this systematic review, 140 relevant and authoritative English articles on the impacts of dust storms on health (up to September 2019) were identified and extracted from 28 968 articles using valid keywords from various databases (PubMed, WOS, EMBASE, and Scopus) and multiple screening steps. Selected papers were then qualitatively examined and evaluated. Evaluation results were summarized using an Extraction Table. Results: The results of the study are divided into two parts: short and long-term impacts of dust storms. Short-term impacts include mortality, visitation, emergency medical dispatch, hospitalization, increased symptoms, and decreased pulmonary function. Long-term impacts include pregnancy, cognitive difficulties, and birth problems. Additionally, this study shows that dust storms have devastating impacts on health, affecting cardiovascular and respiratory health in particular. Conclusion: The findings of this study show that dust storms have significant public health impacts. More attention should be paid to these natural hazards to prepare for, respond to, and mitigate these hazardous events to reduce their negative health impacts. Registration: PROSPERO registration number CRD42018093325

scholarly journals Policies for tackling health inequities in migrants in an irregular situation: learning from Italy

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Sesti ◽  
A Rosano ◽  
D Ingleby ◽  
G Baglio ◽  
R Bell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Integration Policy ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Access To Health

Abstract Issue With increasing of numbers of people moving in Europe and around the world, the health of migrants has become a key global public-health issue. Migrants in an irregular situation (MIS) represent an important part of the migration phenomenon, whether they have become irregular by entering a country without authorisation or by overstaying a visa, including whose applied unsuccessfully for asylum. Description of the problem Overstaying of visas is not unusual in EU countries and during 2015 and 2016 in particular, many countries experienced a large number of unauthorised entrants. Health policies for MIS are increasingly a matter of concern. Using the 2015 Migrant Integration Policy Index Health strand (MIPEX HS) it is possible to conduct an analysis of health policies, focusing on access to health services by MIS. Results Among the 34 European countries covered by the MIPEX HS, Italy’s overall score of 65 is exceeded only by Switzerland (70) and Norway (67). Averaging the indicators of access for MIS, Italy obtains the highest score (83), followed by Denmark, France, the Netherlands, Romania, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland with 67. Its score for legal entitlements to health care is 75 (the same as Sweden), while reporting of MIS to the immigration authorities is prohibited and there are no sanctions against helping them. However, legislation introduced by the new government in 2018 has restricted some of their rights. Lessons Current migration to Europe requires dealing with short-term health needs as well as strengthening public health and health systems in the long term. This presentation will discuss the lessons that can be learned from the comparative analysis of health policies for MIS using the MIPEX HS. Key messages Affordable health care is a human right, which should not be denied to any migrant. Policy analysis plays a key role in identifying interventions for promoting health equity.

Treatment Adherence and Long-Term Outcomes

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (S17) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Kane
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Functional Domains ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Successful Management ◽  
Antipsychotic Medications ◽  
Critical Step ◽  
Over Time

AbstractThe successful management of schizophrenia is an enormous public health issue. Although antipsychotic medications can be very helpful in reducing rates of relapse and rehospitalization, nonadherence to medication is a frequent cause of exacerbations in psychopathology, psychotic relapse, and rehospitalization. Relapses can have devastating consequences in a variety of clinical and functional domains. Nonadherence can result from a variety of factors that vary from patient to patient and vary over time in individual patients. A number of strategies have been developed to assess and facilitate adherence. The first critical step is clinician awareness of the scope of the problem and consideration of appropriate strategies to address it.

scholarly journals Cannabis vaping: Understanding the health risks of a rapidly emerging trend

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S16-S20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Chadi ◽  
Claudia Minato ◽  
Richard Stanwick
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Canadian Youth ◽  
Toxic Emissions ◽  
Sense Of Security ◽  
False Sense ◽  
Mode Of Consumption ◽  
Health Experts

Abstract The rapid emergence of youth vaping has completely changed the landscape of adolescent substance use in Canada and has become a pressing public health issue of our time. While nicotine remains the most common substance encountered in vaping devices, cannabis vaping is now reported by one-third of youth who vape. Though cannabis vaping is thought to generate fewer toxic emissions than cannabis smoking, it has been associated with several cases of acute lung injury and often involves high-potency forms of cannabis, exposing youth to several acute and long-term health risks. The low perceived riskiness of cannabis as a substance and of vaping as a mode of consumption may bring a false sense of security and be particularly appealing for youth who may be looking for a ‘healthier way’ to use substances. While research is still lacking on how best to support youth who may have already initiated cannabis vaping, concerted efforts among paediatric providers, public health experts, schools, communities, and families are urgently needed to limit the spread of cannabis vaping among Canadian youth.

Stress of Nursing Students Studying Online

2011 ◽  
pp. 1923-1930
Author(s):  
Deana L. Molinari ◽  
Alice E. Dupler ◽  
Naomi Lungstrom
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Allostatic Load ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Linked Learning ◽  
Ultimate Result ◽  
Length Of Life

Stress impacts both quality and length of life (Bowman, 2005; Sapolsky, 1998), but the stress of learning is yet to be understood. Recent researchers attempt to explain how stress can both increase and hamper learning, but no studies were found that linked learning stress to life long stress. Until recently no technologies could measure the biophysical variables in normal activities of life. Invasive technologies made it difficult to study people in vivo. The Allostatic Load Theory provides a foundation for the study as learning begins at the earliest stages of life and continues until old age (Alfarez, Wiegert, & Krugers, 2006; McEwen, 1998). Research indicates stress over long periods induces a variety of chronic diseases (Kiecolt-Glaser, McGuire, Robles, & Glaser, 2002; Blair, Granger, & Raza, 2005). Weight gain, hypertension, osteoporosis, immunosuppression, insulin resistance, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease are a few complications of long term stress (Karlamangla, Singer, McEwen, Rowe, Seeman, 2002). The ultimate result is death. Stress may be the largest public health issue for the new century.

scholarly journals Environmental drivers of Ross River virus in southeastern Tasmania, Australia: towards strengthening public health interventions

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. WERNER ◽  
S. GOATER ◽  
S. CARVER ◽  
G. ROBERTSON ◽  
G. R. ALLEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Environmental Drivers ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Ross River Virus ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
Lag Period

SUMMARYIn Australia, Ross River virus (RRV) is predominantly identified and managed through passive health surveillance. Here, the proactive use of environmental datasets to improve community-scale public health interventions in southeastern Tasmania is explored. Known environmental drivers (temperature, rainfall, tide) of the RRV vector Aedes camptorhynchus are analysed against cumulative case records for five adjacent local government areas (LGAs) from 1993 to 2009. Allowing for a 0- to 3-month lag period, temperature was the most significant driver of RRV cases at 1-month lag, contributing to a 23·2% increase in cases above the long-term case average. The potential for RRV to become an emerging public health issue in Tasmania due to projected climate changes is discussed. Moreover, practical outputs from this research are proposed including the development of an early warning system for local councils to implement preventative measures, such as public outreach and mosquito spray programmes.

Socio-demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patient with Thyroid Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
AKM Farhad Hossain ◽  
Md Mahmudur Rahman Siddiqui ◽  
Sayada Fatema Khatun
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Follicular Carcinoma ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant disease in endocrine system. It is an emerging public health issue associated with burden on the family, community and the nation. The aim of this study is to determine the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of patient with thyroid cancer attending in tertiary hospital. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among 246 thyroid cancer patients in two tertiary hospitals of Dhaka city from 01 July 2018 to 30 June 2019. The subjects were selected purposively following specific selection criteria and maintaining ethical issues. Data were collected by face to face interview using a semi-structured questionnaire and checklist. Data were analyzed by the statistical package for the social science (SPSS) version 23. Results: This study revealed that majority (74.4%) of respondents was female, married (72%), housewife (61.4%), rural respondent (41.1%) and had primary education (69%). Mean (± SD) age of the respondent was 37.85(±12.20) years (Range 14-70 years) and mean (± SD) monthly family income was Tk. 17681(±10602). Out of 246 cases, 204 (82.9%) was papillary and 42 (17.1%) was follicular carcinoma. Various clinical presentations included visible neck swelling in 225 (91.5%), swollen lymph node in 103 (41.9%), pain 90 (36.6%), Difficulties in swallowing 87 (35.4%), Hoarseness of voice in 141 (57.3%), cough along with swelling 47(19.1%), Difficulties in breathing due to swelling in 13(5.3%) of the patients. Conclusion: Incidence of thyroid cancer has increased worldwide specially in female patients in 3rd and 4th decades of life. As thyroid cancer is a growing public health problem in Bangladesh, proper screening and early diagnostic facilities at all level should be available to measure its actual burden in the country. Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 11, No. 1: Jan 2020, P 54-58

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