scholarly journals Cannabis vaping: Understanding the health risks of a rapidly emerging trend

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S16-S20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Chadi ◽  
Claudia Minato ◽  
Richard Stanwick
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Canadian Youth ◽  
Toxic Emissions ◽  
Sense Of Security ◽  
False Sense ◽  
Mode Of Consumption ◽  
Health Experts

Abstract The rapid emergence of youth vaping has completely changed the landscape of adolescent substance use in Canada and has become a pressing public health issue of our time. While nicotine remains the most common substance encountered in vaping devices, cannabis vaping is now reported by one-third of youth who vape. Though cannabis vaping is thought to generate fewer toxic emissions than cannabis smoking, it has been associated with several cases of acute lung injury and often involves high-potency forms of cannabis, exposing youth to several acute and long-term health risks. The low perceived riskiness of cannabis as a substance and of vaping as a mode of consumption may bring a false sense of security and be particularly appealing for youth who may be looking for a ‘healthier way’ to use substances. While research is still lacking on how best to support youth who may have already initiated cannabis vaping, concerted efforts among paediatric providers, public health experts, schools, communities, and families are urgently needed to limit the spread of cannabis vaping among Canadian youth.

scholarly journals Global Health Impacts of Dust Storms: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 117863022110183
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Aghababaeian ◽  
Abbas Ostadtaghizadeh ◽  
Ali Ardalan ◽  
Ali Asgary ◽  
Mehry Akbary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Dust Storms ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Emergency Medical Dispatch ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
English Articles

Background: Dust storms and their impacts on health are becoming a major public health issue. The current study examines the health impacts of dust storms around the world to provide an overview of this issue. Method: In this systematic review, 140 relevant and authoritative English articles on the impacts of dust storms on health (up to September 2019) were identified and extracted from 28 968 articles using valid keywords from various databases (PubMed, WOS, EMBASE, and Scopus) and multiple screening steps. Selected papers were then qualitatively examined and evaluated. Evaluation results were summarized using an Extraction Table. Results: The results of the study are divided into two parts: short and long-term impacts of dust storms. Short-term impacts include mortality, visitation, emergency medical dispatch, hospitalization, increased symptoms, and decreased pulmonary function. Long-term impacts include pregnancy, cognitive difficulties, and birth problems. Additionally, this study shows that dust storms have devastating impacts on health, affecting cardiovascular and respiratory health in particular. Conclusion: The findings of this study show that dust storms have significant public health impacts. More attention should be paid to these natural hazards to prepare for, respond to, and mitigate these hazardous events to reduce their negative health impacts. Registration: PROSPERO registration number CRD42018093325

scholarly journals Research Progress of Carrier-Free Antitumor Nanoparticles Based on Phytochemicals

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siliang Jiang ◽  
Yu Fu ◽  
Xinyang Zhang ◽  
Tong Yu ◽  
Bowen Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Increase Cancer Risk ◽  
Traditional Treatment ◽  
Acquired Drug Resistance ◽  
Nanodrug Delivery ◽  
Carrier Free

Cancer is a major worldwide public health issue, responsible for millions of deaths every year. Cancer cases and deaths are expected to increase rapidly with population growth, age, and lifestyle behaviors that increase cancer risk. Long-term chemotherapy results in acquired drug resistance. Traditional treatment methods have limitations and cannot effectively treat distal metastatic cancers. Application of nanocarriers in multi-chemotherapy must be promoted. With research progress, the shortcomings of traditional nanocarriers have gradually become evident. Carrier-free nanodrugs with desirable bioactivity have attracted considerable attention. In this review, we provide an overview of recent reports on several carrier-free nanodrug delivery systems based on phytochemicals. This review focuses on the advantages of carrier-free nanodrugs, and provides new insights for establishment of ideal cancer treatment nanosystems.

scholarly journals Policies for tackling health inequities in migrants in an irregular situation: learning from Italy

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Sesti ◽  
A Rosano ◽  
D Ingleby ◽  
G Baglio ◽  
R Bell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Integration Policy ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Access To Health

Abstract Issue With increasing of numbers of people moving in Europe and around the world, the health of migrants has become a key global public-health issue. Migrants in an irregular situation (MIS) represent an important part of the migration phenomenon, whether they have become irregular by entering a country without authorisation or by overstaying a visa, including whose applied unsuccessfully for asylum. Description of the problem Overstaying of visas is not unusual in EU countries and during 2015 and 2016 in particular, many countries experienced a large number of unauthorised entrants. Health policies for MIS are increasingly a matter of concern. Using the 2015 Migrant Integration Policy Index Health strand (MIPEX HS) it is possible to conduct an analysis of health policies, focusing on access to health services by MIS. Results Among the 34 European countries covered by the MIPEX HS, Italy’s overall score of 65 is exceeded only by Switzerland (70) and Norway (67). Averaging the indicators of access for MIS, Italy obtains the highest score (83), followed by Denmark, France, the Netherlands, Romania, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland with 67. Its score for legal entitlements to health care is 75 (the same as Sweden), while reporting of MIS to the immigration authorities is prohibited and there are no sanctions against helping them. However, legislation introduced by the new government in 2018 has restricted some of their rights. Lessons Current migration to Europe requires dealing with short-term health needs as well as strengthening public health and health systems in the long term. This presentation will discuss the lessons that can be learned from the comparative analysis of health policies for MIS using the MIPEX HS. Key messages Affordable health care is a human right, which should not be denied to any migrant. Policy analysis plays a key role in identifying interventions for promoting health equity.

scholarly journals The lag between daily reported Covid-19 cases and deaths and its relationship to age

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Jin
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Sense Of Security ◽  
False Sense ◽  
Time Of Infection ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) has infected millions and killed tens of thousands of people. Public health measures put in place by governments are essential to the success of controlling this disease. However, governments may not feel as incentivized to implement these measures when deaths are not rising along with cases. However, it is known that a delay exists between the time of infection and the time of death. This study attempted to find how long that lag is and how the age of people infected may affect that lag.Design and Methods: A descriptive and correlational study was carried out to investigate the length of the lag and the relationship between lag and age. Results: The average lag between daily Covid-19 cases and deaths was 8.053 days with a standard deviation of 4.116 days for nineteen regions. After excluding data from three more regions due to unavailable age data, the regression yielded an equation of lag = 14.015 – 0.153 (% cases above 60) with a p-value of 0.066. Because the p-value of 0.066 is lower than the 0.10 significance level, there is evidence that a relationship exists between the lag and the age of cases.Conclusions: The results show that regions must remain vigilant when Covid-19 cases rapidly increase without similar increases in deaths since there exists a significant lag between the two. Additionally, a younger demographic of cases may lead to an increased lag, further pushing regions into a false sense of security that should be avoided.

scholarly journals Pandemic of Paradoxes: The Indirect Global Health Impacts of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
M.R. Leipnik
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Automobile Accidents ◽  
Beer Consumption ◽  
Initial Reduction ◽  
Seasonal Flu ◽  
Paradoxical Consequence ◽  
Health Experts

The indirect impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on several public health issues will be examined in the context of its impacts on multiple nations around the world. Not all possible health aspects of COVID-19 that are indirectly related to the disease will be examined. The ones chosen are: I. influenza, II. suicide, III. alcohol consumption, IV. fatal automobile accidents and V. birth rates. In each of these cases COVID-19 has had a paradoxical impact. Although COVID-19 is a dangerous respiratory virus, there has not been a synergism with the influenza virus as initially feared by some public health experts. In fact, there has been a global nonappearance of seasonal flu; a good, though indirect, paradoxical consequence of COVID-19. But most other paradoxical health consequences of COVID-19 have been largely negative, these include an increase in suicide but unexpectedly an initial reduction and changes in suicide patterns in many countries, an increase in alcohol consumption but paradoxically a reduction in beer consumption, some evidence of an increase in fatal automobile accidents (at least on a per mile driven basis) and of monumental long term global consequence, a significant decline in births in many major nations.

Treatment Adherence and Long-Term Outcomes

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (S17) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Kane
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Functional Domains ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Successful Management ◽  
Antipsychotic Medications ◽  
Critical Step ◽  
Over Time

AbstractThe successful management of schizophrenia is an enormous public health issue. Although antipsychotic medications can be very helpful in reducing rates of relapse and rehospitalization, nonadherence to medication is a frequent cause of exacerbations in psychopathology, psychotic relapse, and rehospitalization. Relapses can have devastating consequences in a variety of clinical and functional domains. Nonadherence can result from a variety of factors that vary from patient to patient and vary over time in individual patients. A number of strategies have been developed to assess and facilitate adherence. The first critical step is clinician awareness of the scope of the problem and consideration of appropriate strategies to address it.

Effective monitoring of trihalomethanes in water supply systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
(Sathaa) Arumugam Sathasivan ◽  
George Kastl ◽  
Ian Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Water Utilities ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Health Safety ◽  
Microbiological Safety ◽  
Supply Systems

To ensure public health safety, water supplied to consumers should meet both microbiological and disinfection by-product (DBP) requirements. Water utilities are ensuring microbiological safety of water, but there is considerable variation in monitoring and reporting trihalomethane (THM) levels across Australia, for the obvious reasons of cost and lack of resources and skills to monitor total THMs (TTHMs). Such practices lead to neglecting the long-term health risks from DBPs, which are often exacerbated by overdosing chlorine.

scholarly journals Co-creating nature-based solutions for healthy and sustainable cities: Urban public health approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Skodra ◽  
S Zorita ◽  
I Garcia Perez ◽  
S Moebus
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Theory Of Change ◽  
Sustainable Cities ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Population Groups ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Health Experts

Abstract Issue Urban green spaces are necessary for developing healthy and sustainable cities. Benefits of Nature-based solutions (NBS) that increase the amount and quality of urban green go beyond environmental aspects (noise/air pollution mitigation) and have positive impact on mental health, active lifestyles and social cohesion. However, there is a need for the transdisciplinary co-creation processes including multidisciplinary partners and local community to ensure that different population groups use NBS and that health, social and environmental benefits are maximised. The Horizon2020 project CLEVER Cities (2018-2023) focuses on the development of NBS in deprived areas to address health, socio-economic and ecological challenges in a transdisciplinary co-creation approach. Description The three pilot cities, Hamburg, London and Milan, have formed Urban Innovation Partnerships (UIP) based on the stakeholder mapping. Each UIP involves citizens, companies, universities and local authorities to support CLEVER Action Labs (CAL) as alliances of local actors involved in the co-creation and assessment of place-based NBS interventions. The Theory of Change method (impact chain) was used to structure the transdisciplinary process, by initially determining the desired long-term outcomes related to the above-mentioned challenges. Proceeding from the identification of the local conditions, the necessary “outputs” were identified to achieve short-term and intermediate outcomes, which themselves lead to the determined long-term outcomes. Results/lessons Preliminary results show that Theory of Change provides a good structure for transdisciplinary discussions as well as an overview of a complex transformative change, underlying assumptions and unintended negative effects. Involving urban public health experts is essential to determine the relationship between different NBS and health outcomes, to maximize health benefits for all population groups and to reduce potential side effects. Key messages Inclusion of local community in the collaborative co-creation process is essential to ensure that NBS is adapted to their needs and that the desired health and wellbeing outcomes are achieved. The involvement of urban public health experts in the Theory of Change is essential to raise the awareness about the relationship between NBS interventions, their use and multiple health outcomes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document