scholarly journals In the Right Place at the Right Time: Regulation of Cell Metabolism by IP3R-Mediated Inter-Organelle Ca2+ Fluxes

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulises Ahumada-Castro ◽  
Galdo Bustos ◽  
Eduardo Silva-Pavez ◽  
Andrea Puebla-Huerta ◽  
Alenka Lovy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Degradation Pathways ◽  
Ip3 Receptor ◽  
Organelle Communication ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Synthesis And Degradation

In the last few years, metabolism has been shown to be controlled by cross-organelle communication. The relationship between the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria/lysosomes is the most studied; here, inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) receptor (IP3R)-mediated calcium (Ca2+) release plays a central role. Recent evidence suggests that IP3R isoforms participate in synthesis and degradation pathways. This minireview will summarize the current findings in this area, emphasizing the critical role of Ca2+ communication on organelle function as well as catabolism and anabolism, particularly in cancer.

Patent Foramen Ovale, the Role of Antiplatelet Therapy Alone or Anticoagulant Therapy Alone Versus Device Closure for Cryptogenic Stroke: A Review of the Literature and Current Recommendations

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-150
Author(s):  
Harsha S. Nagarajarao ◽  
Chandra P. Ojha ◽  
Archana Kedar ◽  
Debabrata Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Patent Foramen Ovale ◽  
Cryptogenic Stroke ◽  
Narrow Channel ◽  
Paradoxical Embolism ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Foramen Ovale ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Current Guidelines

: Cryptogenic stroke and its relation to the Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO) is a long-debated topic. Recent clinical trials have unequivocally established the relationship between cryptogenic strokes and paradoxical embolism across the PFO. This slit-like communication exists in everyone before birth, but most often closes shortly after birth. PFO may persist as a narrow channel of communication between the right and left atria in approximately 25-27% of adults. : In this review, we examine the clinical relevance of the PFO with analysis of the latest trials evaluating catheter-based closure of PFO’s for cryptogenic stroke. We also review the current evidence examining the use of antiplatelet medications versus anticoagulants for stroke prevention in those patients with PFO who do not qualify for closure per current guidelines.

scholarly journals “When” Does It Pay to Be Good? Attributions Mediate the Way CSR Elements Impact on Consumer Responses, and Are Controllable

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 5869
Author(s):  
Athanasios Krystallis ◽  
Vlad Zaharia ◽  
Antonis Zairis
Keyword(s):  
Past Research ◽  
Consumer Response ◽  
Multiple Mediation ◽  
Consumer Responses ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Consumer Attributions ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Experimental Survey

Responding to the appeal for more research on the contingencies that shape the relationship between CSR and corporate performance, this paper incorporates environmental CSR, sets up an experimental survey and employs multiple mediation analysis with the aim to test the mediating role of consumer attributions on the CSR elements–consumer responses relationship; and further to examine the degree to which attributions are controllable, i.e., specific CSR elements activate specific type of attributions. Results support that attributions have a strong predicting power on consumer outcomes. The right time of appearance and the appropriate amount of resources committed to a CSR campaign, through the dual type of attributions they activate (more positive, i.e., values-driven and less negative, i.e., egoistic), impact positively on consumer reactions. In this respect, the study adds to past research showing that attributions are controllable, i.e., specific CSR initiative characteristics of a impact on the dimensionality of attributions and, through that, on specific target-types of consumer responses. This study thus shows that the activation of a dual-level attributions’ system is ambivalent, dependent on the character of the CSR campaign. The fact that specific CSR elements (i.e., CSR Timing) activate dual-level CSR motives that act complementarily indicates that managers should be clear about the capabilities of the elements of their CSR initiatives and how much impact they expect those elements to have on consumer response.

The gray matter volume of the right insula mediates the relationship between symptoms of depression/anxiety and sleep quality among college students

2019 ◽  
pp. 135910531986997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huazhan Yin ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Dan Li ◽  
Lu Xiao ◽  
Mei Cheng
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigated the neuroanatomical basis of the association between depression/anxiety and sleep quality among 370 college students. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between sleep quality and depression/anxiety. Moreover, mediation results showed that the gray matter volume of the right insula mediated the relationship between depression/anxiety and sleep quality, which suggested that depression/anxiety may affect sleep quality through the right insula volume. These findings confirmed a strong link between sleep quality and depression/anxiety, while highlighting the volumetric variation in the right insula associated with emotional processing, which may play a critical role in improving sleep quality.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Social Support and Student Academic Involvement: The Mediating Role of School Belonging

2021 ◽  
pp. 082957352110347
Author(s):  
Luis Francisco Vargas-Madriz ◽  
Chiaki Konishi
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
School Belonging ◽  
School Students ◽  
Academic Involvement ◽  
The Relationship

Canada’s high school graduation rates are still low when compared to other members of the OECD. Previous studies have found academic involvement is associated with positive trajectories toward graduation, that social support promotes student engagement, and that school belonging could mediate this relationship. Still, little is known about the specificity of such mediation, especially in Québec. Therefore, this study examined the role of belonging as mediator of the relationship between social support and academic involvement. Participants ( N = 238) were high-school students from the Greater Montréal Area. All variables were measured by the School-Climate Questionnaire. Results from hierarchical multiple regressions indicated parental support had a direct relationship, whereas peer and teacher support had a mediated relationship by school belonging with academic involvement. Results highlight the critical role of school belonging in promoting academic involvement in relation to social support.

Institutional effect on born global firms in China: the role of Sun Tzu’s The Art of War strategies

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Man Zhang ◽  
Qian Gao ◽  
Jane V. Wheeler ◽  
Jungsook Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Born Global ◽  
Internationalization Process ◽  
Content Type ◽  
International Performance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Born Global Firms

Purpose – This paper aims to investigate the role of Sun Tzu’s significant strategies on the relationship between the institutional environment and international performance of Chinese born global firms, a type of small- and medium-sized enterprise (SME) characterized by the company’s limited resources and its early efforts to internationalize. Design/methodology/approach – The methodology is based on a multi-case analysis of interviews conducted with four chosen born global firms, coupled with public database and Web site searches. Through the use of qualitative methods, propositions were developed. Findings – This paper provides insights regarding how the institutional environment, both formal and informal, has a strong positive relationship with born global firm’s international performance. Moreover, Sun Tzu’s significant strategies play a critical role in the internationalization process of born global firms in emerging markets. Originality/value – Although existing studies discuss the application of Eastern philosophical strategies adopted by firms in emerging markets, to the best of our knowledge, this is one of the earliest studies which evaluates the moderation effect of Sun Tzu’s significant strategies on the relationship between institutional environment and business performance. The paper contributes to scholarly discourse on the influencing factors of born global firm’s internationalization process. It also has practical relevance to international entrepreneurs and SMEs from emerging markets.

scholarly journals LEADERSHIP STYLE AND EMPLOYEES’ PERFORMANCE IN PAKISTAN: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF ORGANISATIONAL COMMITMENT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abbas ◽  
Asif Ali ◽  
Muhammad Ahsan Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Organisational Commitment ◽  
Organisational Performance ◽  
Missing Link ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Relationship

The paper investigates the critical role of organisational commitment between leadership style and employees’ performance. Generally, the relationship between leadership style and the organisational performance has been discussed widely but ignoring the employees’ performance. It has been accepted that the organisational commitment leads to higher employee performance but the existing literature has not focused much on this view. A conceptual model has been developed which links the constructs together.The model reveals the missing link of organisational commitment between leadership style and employees’ performance. The sample of 242 was collected from the managers and employees of manufacturing and service organisations. The finding confirmed that organisational commitment acted as a mediator between the leadership style and employees’ performance.  

scholarly journals Role of Amygdala-Infralimbic Cortex Circuitry in Glucocorticoid-Induced Facilitation of Auditory Fear Memory Extinction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Masoomeh Dadkhah ◽  
◽  
Abbas Ali Vafaei ◽  
Ali Rashidy-Pour ◽  
Parnia Trahomi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Fear Memory ◽  
Fear Extinction ◽  
Freezing Behavior ◽  
Extinction Training ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Memory Extinction ◽  
The Right ◽  
Fear Expression

Purpose: The basolateral amygdala (BLA) and infralimbic area (IL) of medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) are two inter-connected brain structures that mediate both fear memory expression and extinction. Besides the well-known role of the BLA in the acquisition and expression of fear memory, projections from IL to BLA inhibit fear expression and have a critical role in fear extinction. However, the details of IL-BLA interaction remain unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of functional reciprocal interactions between BLA and IL in mediating fear memory extinction. Methods: Using lidocaine (LID), male rats underwent unilateral or bilateral inactivation of the BLA and then unilateral intra-IL infusion of CORT, prior to extinction training of auditory fear conditioning paradigm. Freezing behavior was reported as an index for the measurement of conditioned fear. Infusions were performed before the extinction training, allowing to examine the effects on fear expression and also further extinction memory. Experiments 1-3 investigated the effects of left or right infusion of CORT into IL, and LID unilaterally into BLA on fear memory extinction. Results: Results showed that intra-IL infusion of CORT in the right hemisphere reduced freezing behavior when administrated before the extinction training. Auditory fear memory extinction was impaired by asymmetric inactivation of BLA and CORT infusion in the right IL; however, the same effect was not observed with symmetric inactivation of BLA. Conclusion: It is concluded that that the IL-BLA neural circuit may provide additional evidence to contribution of this circuit in auditory fear extinction. This study demonstrate dissociable roles for right or left BLA in subserving the auditory fear extinction. Our finding also raise the possibility that left BLA-IL circuitry may contribute in mediating auditory fear memory extinction via underlying mechanisms, however further research is required.

scholarly journals Critical Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Aminopeptidase 1 in Determining the Length and Sequence of Peptides Bound and Presented by HLA-B27

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liye Chen ◽  
Roman Fischer ◽  
Yanchun Peng ◽  
Emma Reeves ◽  
Kirsty McHugh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Hla B27 ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum Aminopeptidase 1

Targeting mTOR Signaling in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetes Complications

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Yang ◽  
Zhixin Zhang ◽  
Doudou Wang ◽  
Yu Jiang ◽  
Ying Liu
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Protein Complexes ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Mtor Inhibitors ◽  
Mtor Signaling

Abstract: The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a pivotal regulator of cell metabolism and growth. In the form of two different multi-protein complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2, mTOR integrates cellular energy, nutrient and hormonal signals to regulate cellular metabolic homeostasis. In type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) aberrant mTOR signaling underlies its pathological conditions and end-organ complications. Substantial evidence suggests that two mTOR-mediated signaling schemes, mTORC1-p70S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) and mTORC2-protein kinase B (AKT), play a critical role in insulin sensitivity and that their dysfunction contributes to development of T2DM. This review summaries our current understanding of the role of mTOR signaling in T2DM and its associated complications, as well as the potential use of mTOR inhibitors in treatment of T2DM.

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