scholarly journals lncRNA/miR-29c-Mediated High Expression of LOX Can Influence the Immune Status and Chemosensitivity and Can Forecast the Poor Prognosis of Gastric Cancer

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aitao Nai ◽  
Huihui Zeng ◽  
Qiong Wu ◽  
Zirui He ◽  
Shuwen Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Gastric Carcinoma ◽  
Immune Escape ◽  
Macrophage Polarization ◽  
Gene Overexpression ◽  
M2 Macrophage ◽  
Stomach Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Immune Escape ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Dismal Prognosis

Gastric carcinoma is the fourth most prevalent cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide because of dismal prognosis and few therapeutic options. Accumulated studies have indicated that targeting lysyl oxidase (LOX) family members may serve as an anticancer strategy. Nevertheless, the specific mechanisms of LOX in stomach carcinoma are still unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that LOX is significantly different in 13 types of cancers and may act as a potential therapeutic target, especially in stomach carcinoma. Moreover, overexpression of LOX in gastric carcinoma was validated by multiple databases and contributed to the poor overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and post-progression survival (PPS) of stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) patients. Next, based on the ceRNA hypothesis, the HIF1A-AS2/RP11-366L20.2-miR-29c axis was characterized as the upstream regulatory mechanism of LOX gene overexpression in gastric cancer by combining correlation analysis, expression analysis, and survival analysis. Finally, we illustrated that LOX gene overexpression leads to dismal prognosis of gastric cancer, perhaps through promoting M2 macrophage polarization and tumor immune escape and enhancing drug resistance of tumor cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. Our research demonstrate that LOX may be potentially applied as a novel prognostic marker and targeting inhibition of LOX holds promise as a treatment strategy for gastric cancer.

scholarly journals The Progress of T Cell Immunity Related to Prognosis in Gastric Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Wei ◽  
Duo Shen ◽  
Sachin Mulmi Shrestha ◽  
Juan Liu ◽  
Junyi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Immune Escape ◽  
Memory Cell ◽  
T Cell Immunity ◽  
Tumor Immune Escape ◽  
Cancer Breast ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
Gastric Cancer Patients ◽  
Cd8 T Cell Memory

Gastric cancer is the fifth most common malignancy all over the world, and the factors that can affect progress and prognosis of the gastric cancer patients are various, such as TNM stages, invasive depth, and lymph node metastasis ratio. T cell immunity is important component of human immunity system and immunity responding to tumor and dysfunction or imbalance of T cell immunity will lead to serious outcomes for body. T cell immunity includes many different types of cells, CD4+ T cell, CD8+ T cell, memory cell, and so on, and each of them has special function on antitumor response or tumor immune escape which is revealed in lung cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and so on. But its correlation with gastric cancer is not clear. Our review was preformed to explore the relationship between the progress and prognosis of gastric cancer (GC) and T cell immunity. According to recent researches, T cell immunity may have an important role in the progress and prognosis of GCs, but its function is affected by location, category, related molecule, and interaction between the cells, and some effects still are controversial. More researches are needed to clarify this correlation.

scholarly journals Pentraxin-3 inhibits milky spots metastasis of gastric cancer by inhibiting M2 macrophage polarization

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 4686-4697
Author(s):  
Xinye Cui ◽  
Tao Qin ◽  
Zhengdong Zhao ◽  
Guang Yang ◽  
Jaceline Gislaine Pires Sanches ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Macrophage Polarization ◽  
M2 Macrophage ◽  
Pentraxin 3 ◽  
Milky Spots ◽  
M2 Macrophage Polarization

scholarly journals Gastric cancer-derived mesenchymal stromal cells trigger M2 macrophage polarization that promotes metastasis and EMT in gastric cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Fenglei Wu ◽  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Zengtao Bao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Macrophage Polarization ◽  
M2 Macrophage ◽  
Gastric Cancer Cells ◽  
Arginase 1 ◽  
M2 Macrophage Polarization ◽  
Cancer Tissues

AbstractResident macrophages in the tumor microenvironment exert a dual role in tumor progression. So far, the mechanism of intratumoral macrophage generation is still largely unknown. In the present study, the importance of macrophages in the pro-tumor role of gastric cancer-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (GC-MSCs) was observed in a mouse xenograft model with macrophage depletion. In gastric cancer tissues, high expression levels of Ym-1, Fizz-1, arginase-1, and CCR-2, as well as a low expression level of iNOS, were verified, and co-localization of GC-MSCs and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) was observed by dual immunofluorescence histochemistry. TAMs isolated from gastric cancer tissues predominantly displayed an M2 phenotype. In a co-culture system, the contribution of GC-MSCs to M2 polarization of macrophages was confirmed by the M2-related protein expression, M2-like immunophenotype and cytokine profile of GC-MSC-primed macrophages in vitro. Blockade of IL-6/IL-8 by neutralizing antibodies significantly attenuated the promoting effect of GC-MSCs on M2-like macrophage polarization via the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. In addition, GC-MSC-primed macrophages promoted the migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells, and the process of EMT in gastric cancer cells was significantly enhanced by GC-MSC-primed macrophage treatment. Our study showed that tumor-promoting GC-MSCs contribute to M2 macrophage polarization within the gastric cancer niche through considerable secretion of IL-6 and IL-8. These GC-MSC-primed macrophages can subsequently prompt gastric cancer metastasis via EMT promotion in gastric cancer cells.

scholarly journals Prognostic and Predictive Value of Cadherin 11 for Patients with Gastric Cancer and Its Correlation with Tumor Microenvironment: Results from Microarray Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Zhijun Feng ◽  
Xue Li ◽  
Zhijian Ren ◽  
Jie Feng ◽  
Xiaodong He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Epithelial To Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Immune Escape ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Potential Therapeutic Target ◽  
Tumor Immune Escape ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Gastric Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Tissues

Gastric cancer is a disease characterized by inflammation, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) both play a vital role in epithelial-driven malignancy. In the present study, we performed an integrated bioinformatics analysis of transcriptome data from multiple databases of gastric cancer patients and worked on a biomarker for evaluating tumor prognosis. We found that cadherin 11 (CDH11) is highly expressed not only in gastric cancer tissues but also in EMT molecular subtypes and metastatic patients. Also, we obtained evidence that CDH11 has a significant correlation with infiltrating immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Our findings reflected that CDH11 likely plays an important role in tumor immune escape and could provide a prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for patients with gastric cancer.

Exosome-mediated transfer of lncRNA HCG18 promotes M2 macrophage polarization in gastric cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 196-205
Author(s):  
Lin Xin ◽  
You Wu ◽  
Chuan Liu ◽  
Fei Zeng ◽  
Jin-Liang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Macrophage Polarization ◽  
M2 Macrophage ◽  
M2 Macrophage Polarization

Linitis Plastica of The Stomach: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-138
Author(s):  
Md Mizanur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Linitis Plastica ◽  
Diffuse Gastric Cancer ◽  
Biological Behaviour ◽  
Desmoplastic Reaction ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Diagnostic Approaches ◽  
Poor Outcomes

Linitis plastica (LP) is a particular subtype of diffuse gastric cancer and is thought to have a separate entity in respect with its biological behaviour, pathology, presentation and treatment outcome. The poor prognosis of LP gastric cancer is due primarily to its advanced stage at diagnosis. The characteristic histopathological feature of this entity is cellular spread to the submucosa and stroma with minimal mucosal alterations accompanied by an excessive desmoplastic reaction. Despite recent research on alternative therapies, surgical resection appears the only potentially curative approach. Patient selection and multidisciplinary management are paramount when considering surgical resection in patients with gastric LP. The operative approach in patients with LP has historically been questioned because of the poor outcomes. The aim of this review is to highlight different dimension of linitis plastica stomach in respect to its definition, classification, clinico-pathological characters, diagnostic approaches and treatment outcome. Journal of Surgical Sciences (2018) Vol. 22 (2) : 125-138

HER2 Expression in Gastric Cancer and Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-82
Author(s):  
Md Azizur Rahman ◽  
Abdullah Md Abu Ayub Ansari ◽  
Kazi Mazharul Islam ◽  
Md Aminur Rahman ◽  
ABM Abdul Matin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Gastric Carcinoma ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Gastroesophageal Junction ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Her2 Expression ◽  
Her2 Positive ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Her2 Positivity

Background: Carcinoma of the stomach is a major cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Due to social impact of gastric carcinoma (GC), there is a need to stratify patients into appropriate screening, surveillance and treatment programs. Although histopathology remains the most reliable and less expensive method, numerous efforts have been made to identify and validate novel biomarkers to accomplish the goals. In recent years, several molecules have been identified and tested for their clinical relevace in GC management. Among the biomarkers with the exception of HER2, none of the biomarkers is currently used in clinical practice, and some of them were described in single studies. Materials and Methods: This prospective type of observational study was performed in the Department of Surgery, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, 6 months from approval of protocol. Total 45 consecutive patients aged 18 years and above without consideration of gender were selected purposefully. Every patient was evaluated by clinical examination, appropriate investigations and after a confirm diagnosis of the tissue from the cancer. All patients have undergone operative intervention and Gastrectomy specimens were subtotal (including cardiac and pylorus), subtotal (including the pylorus), total radical gastrectomy and oesophago-gastrectomy sample. All specimens obtained were immersed in 10% formalin. Samples of whom were sent to the department of pathology, DMCH for histopathology examination. Portion of representative tissue/block was sent to AFIP (Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Dhaka) for immunohistochemistry to find out the HER2 expression in gastric cancer and gastro-oesophageal cancer. Data was collected in a pre-designed questionnaire by face to face interview. Result and observation: In this study when 45 cases were categorized according to WHO grading system it was observed that majority (30) patients were found in grade II, among them 3(10%) were HER2 positive. But with grade III tumour the HER2 positivity were found more i,e; 37.5% (3/8). Grade- I tumor show HER2 neu expression 28.57% (2/7) and according to location most of the cases with HER2 positive expression was located in the gastro-esophageal junction which is 27.27% (3/11) than gastric carcinoma which is 14.70% (5/34). Conclusion: Most of the patients of gastric and gastrooesophageal junction adenocarcinoma are diagnosed at a very late stage, so they require special attention in treatment protocol, including chemotherapy and immunotherapy for increasing their survivability. The study showed with poorly differentiated (high grade) tumour, the HER2 positivity were found more. Journal of Surgical Sciences (2018) Vol. 22 (2) : 79-82

Surgery and metastases of stomach cancer in liver

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
F. M. Dzhuraev ◽  
S. L. Gutorov ◽  
E. I. Borisova ◽  
G. G. Khakimova
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Liver Metastases ◽  
Lymphovascular Invasion ◽  
Peritoneal Dissemination ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Relapse Free Survival ◽  
Cancer Markers ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Isolated Liver

Liver metastases of gastric cancer determine the poor prognosis. Until now The expediency of their surgical removal has been controversial. However, according to a number of studies, the removal of potentially operable isolated liver metastases allows a significant increase of overall and relapse-free survival in some cases. The review is dedicated to the analysis of prognostic factors that allow selecting patients for surgical removal of liver metastases of gastric cancer. The main criteria are: effective perioperative chemotherapy; stage under T4, N0, absence of lymphovascular invasion, absence of peritoneal dissemination, number less than 3, size up to 4 cm, localization of metastases in one lobe, low level of cancer markers CA 19-9 and CEA.

Polarization of M2 Macrophages to Promote Tumor Immune Escape via Il-10 in SCLC but Not NSCLC Patients

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xintong Hu ◽  
Yue Gu ◽  
Songchen Zhao ◽  
Shucheng Hua ◽  
Yanfang Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Immune Escape ◽  
M2 Macrophages ◽  
Tumor Immune Escape ◽  
Nsclc Patients
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