Adaptation of the Golgi Apparatus in Cancer Cell Invasion and Metastasis

The Golgi apparatus plays a central role in normal cell physiology by promoting cell survival, facilitating proliferation, and enabling cell-cell communication and migration. These roles are partially mediated by well-known Golgi functions, including post-translational modifications, lipid biosynthesis, intracellular trafficking, and protein secretion. In addition, accumulating evidence indicates that the Golgi plays a critical role in sensing and integrating external and internal cues to promote cellular homeostasis. Indeed, the unique structure of the mammalian Golgi can be fine-tuned to adapt different Golgi functions to specific cellular needs. This is particularly relevant in the context of cancer, where unrestrained proliferation and aberrant survival and migration increase the demands in Golgi functions, as well as the need for Golgi-dependent sensing and adaptation to intrinsic and extrinsic stressors. Here, we review and discuss current understanding of how the structure and function of the Golgi apparatus is influenced by oncogenic transformation, and how this adaptation may facilitate cancer cell invasion and metastasis.

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The Role of WAVE2 Signaling in Cancer

Biomedicines ◽

10.3390/biomedicines9091217 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 1217

Author(s):

Priyanka Shailendra Rana ◽

Akram Alkrekshi ◽

Wei Wang ◽

Vesna Markovic ◽

Khalid Sossey-Alaoui

Keyword(s):

Actin Cytoskeleton ◽

Cancer Cell ◽

Cell Invasion ◽

Critical Role ◽

Therapeutic Strategies ◽

Small Gtpases ◽

Cancer Cell Invasion ◽

Invasion And Metastasis ◽

Regulatory Complex

The Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP) and WASP family verprolin-homologous protein (WAVE)—WAVE1, WAVE2 and WAVE3 regulate rapid reorganization of cortical actin filaments and have been shown to form a key link between small GTPases and the actin cytoskeleton. Upon receiving upstream signals from Rho-family GTPases, the WASP and WAVE family proteins play a significant role in polymerization of actin cytoskeleton through activation of actin-related protein 2/3 complex (Arp2/3). The Arp2/3 complex, once activated, forms actin-based membrane protrusions essential for cell migration and cancer cell invasion. Thus, by activation of Arp2/3 complex, the WAVE and WASP family proteins, as part of the WAVE regulatory complex (WRC), have been shown to play a critical role in cancer cell invasion and metastasis, drawing significant research interest over recent years. Several studies have highlighted the potential for targeting the genes encoding either part of or a complete protein from the WASP/WAVE family as therapeutic strategies for preventing the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. WAVE2 is well documented to be associated with the pathogenesis of several human cancers, including lung, liver, pancreatic, prostate, colorectal and breast cancer, as well as other hematologic malignancies. This review focuses mainly on the role of WAVE2 in the development, invasion and metastasis of different types of cancer. This review also summarizes the molecular mechanisms that regulate the activity of WAVE2, as well as those oncogenic pathways that are regulated by WAVE2 to promote the cancer phenotype. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic strategies that target WAVE2 or the WAVE regulatory complex, aimed at preventing or inhibiting cancer invasion and metastasis.

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MicroRNA-301a promotes pancreatic cancer invasion and metastasis through the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway by targeting SOCS5

Carcinogenesis ◽

10.1093/carcin/bgz121 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 502-514 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Hui Hu ◽

Qin Zhang ◽

Weiqun Chen ◽

Tangwei Wu ◽

Shuiyi Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pancreatic Cancer ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Cancer Cell ◽

Cell Invasion ◽

Pancreatic Cancer Cell ◽

Cancer Invasion ◽

Janus Kinase ◽

Cancer Cell Invasion ◽

Invasion And Metastasis ◽

And Migration

AbstractPancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal digestive malignant tumors. We had previously found that microRNA-301a (miR-301a) is a oncogenic microRNA whose recognized conduce to nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation in pancreatic cancer, yet the underlying mechanisms of miR-301a in promoting pancreatic cancer invasion and migration is obscure. In this work we found that high expression of miR-301a in human pancreatic cancer patients is related to poor survival. Overexpression of miR-301a enhances pancreatic cancer cell invasion, angiogenesis and migration, whereas inhibition of miR-301a suppresses pancreatic cancer cell invasion and reduces orthotopic pancreatic tumor growth and metastasis. Furthermore, suppressor of cytokine signaling 5 (SOCS5) is identified as a target gene of miR-301a. We found that miR-301a suppressed the expression of SOCS5 leads to janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK/STAT3) activation and is related to poor overall survival of pancreatic cancer patients. Taken together, our data show for the first time that the feedback loop between miR-301a and JAK/STAT3 pathway may play a significant role in pancreatic cancer invasion and metastasis. Targeting the loop may prove beneficial to prevent metastasis and provide a more effective therapeutic strategy for pancreatic cancer.

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A Review on Phytopharmaceutical shaving Concomitant Experimental Anti-Diabetic and Anti-Cancer Effects as Potential Sources for Targeted Therapies Against Insulin Mediated Breast Cancer Cell Invasion and Migration

Current Cancer Therapy Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573394716999200831113335 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

Author(s):

Vibhavana Singh ◽

Rakesh Reddy ◽

Antarip Sinha ◽

Venkatesh Marturi ◽

Shravani Sripathi Panditharadyula ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Cancer Cell ◽

Breast Cancer Cell ◽

Cell Invasion ◽

Breast Tumor ◽

Cancer Cell Invasion ◽

Invasion And Migration ◽

Anti Cancer ◽

And Migration

: Diabetes and breast cancer are pathophysiologically similar and clinically established diseases that co-exist with a wider complex similar molecular signalling and having similar set of risk factors. Insulin plays a pivotal role for invasion and migration of breast cancer cells. Several ethnopharmacological evidences light the concomitant anti-diabetic and anti-cancer activity of medicinal plant and phytochemicals against breast tumor of patients with diabetes. This present article reviewed the findings on medicinal plants and phytochemicals with concomitant anti-diabetic and anti-cancer effects reported in scientific literature to facilitate the development of dual-acting therapies against diabetes and breast cancer. The schematic tabular form of published literatures on medicinal plants (63 plants belongs to 45 families) concluded the dynamics of phytochemicals against diabetes and breast tumor that could be explored further for the discovery of therapies for controlling of breast cancer cell invasion and migration in patient with diabetes.

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