scholarly journals Social Jetlag and Cardiometabolic Risk in Preadolescent Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Castro ◽  
Jake Diana ◽  
Jade Blackwell ◽  
James Faulkner ◽  
Sally Lark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Vascular Health ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Social Jetlag ◽  
The Difference

Objective: Childhood cardiometabolic disease risk (CMD) has been associated with short sleep duration. Its relationship with other aspects of sleep should also be considered, including social jetlag (SJL) which represents the difference between a person's social rhythms and circadian clock. This study investigated whether childhood CMD risk is associated with sleep duration, sleep disturbances, and SJL.Study Design: The observational study included 332 children aged 8–10 years (48.5% female). The three independent variables were sleep duration, sleep disturbances, and SJL. SJL was calculated as the variation in hours between the midpoint of sleep during free (weekend) days and work/school days. Eleven cardiometabolic biomarkers were measured, including central blood pressure, lipids, glycated hemoglobin, arterial wave reflection, and glucose. Underlying CMD risk factors were identified using factor analysis.Results: Four underlying CMD risk factors were identified using factor analysis: blood pressure, cholesterol, vascular health, and carbohydrate metabolism. Neither sleep disturbances nor sleep duration were significantly associated with any of the four CMD factors following adjustments to potential confounders. However, SJL was significantly linked to vascular health (p = 0.027) and cholesterol (p = 0.025).Conclusion: These findings suggest that SJL may be a significant and measurable public health target for offsetting negative CMD trajectories in children. Further studies are required to determine biological plausibility.

scholarly journals Modeling Sleep and Adiposity-Associated Cardiometabolic Disease Risk Factors: Protocol for the SLUMBRx Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Knowlden ◽  
John Higginbotham ◽  
Michael Grandner ◽  
John Allegrante
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Adiposity Indices ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease Risk

BACKGROUND Obesity and short sleep duration are significant public health issues. Current evidence suggests these conditions are associated with cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, inflammation, and premature mortality. Increased interest in the potential link between obesity and short sleep duration, and its health consequences, has been driven by: 1) the apparent parallel increase in prevalence of both conditions in recent decades; 2) their overlapping association with cardiometabolic outcomes; and 3) the potential causal connection between the two health issues. The Short Sleep Undermines Cardiometabolic Health (SLUMBRx) Study seeks to contribute to the development of a comprehensive adiposity-sleep model, while laying the groundwork for a future program of research that will be designed to prevent and treat adiposity and sleep-related cardiometabolic disease risk factors. OBJECTIVE SLUMBRx addresses four topics pertinent to the adiposity-sleep hypothesis: 1) the relationship between adiposity and sleep duration; 2) sex-based differences in the relationship between adiposity and sleep duration; 3) influence of adiposity indices and sleep duration on cardiometabolic outcomes; and 4) the role of socioecological factors as effect modifiers in the relationship between adiposity indices, sleep, and cardiometabolic outcomes. METHODS SLUMBRx will employ a large-scale survey (n=1,000) that recruits 159 participants (53 normal weight, 53 overweight, and 53 obese) to be assessed in two phases. RESULTS Phase 1, a lab-based study, will gather objective adiposity indices (air displacement plethysmography and anthropometrics) and cardiometabolic data (blood pressure, pulse wave velocity and pulse wave analysis, and blood-based biomarker). Phase 2, a one-week, home-based study, will gather sleep-related data (home sleep testing/sleep apnea, actigraphy, sleep diaries). During Phase 2, detailed demographic and socioecological data will be collected to contextualize hypothesized adiposity and sleep-associated cardiometabolic disease risk factors. Collection and analyses of these data will yield information necessary to customize future observational and intervention research. CONCLUSIONS Precise implementation of the SLUMBRx protocol promises to provide objective, empirical data on the interaction between body composition and sleep duration. The hypotheses that will be tested by SLUMBRx are important for understanding the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic disease and for developing future public health interventions to prevent its conception and treat its consequences. CLINICALTRIAL https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_description.cfm?aid=9822114&icde=45818775

scholarly journals Relationship between Sleep and Hypertension: Findings from the NHANES (2007–2014)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 7867
Author(s):  
Chunnan Li ◽  
Shaomei Shang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Pattern ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Sleep Patterns ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Definition Of

Background: To evaluate the association of sleep factors (sleep duration, self-reported trouble sleeping, diagnosed sleep disorder) and combined sleep behaviors with the risk of hypertension. Methods: We analyzed 12,166 adults aged 30–79 years who participated in the 2007–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Sleep duration, self-reported trouble sleeping and sleep disorders were collected using a standardized questionnaire. We included three sleep factors (sleep duration, self-reported trouble sleeping and sleep disorder) to generate an overall sleep score, ranging from 0 to 3. We then defined the sleep pattern as “healthy sleep pattern” (overall sleep score = 3), “intermediate sleep pattern” (overall sleep score = 2), and “poor sleep pattern” (0 ≤ overall sleep score ≤ 1) based on the overall sleep score. The definition of hypertension was based on self-reported antihypertensive medication use or biological measurement (systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg). We used weighted logistic regression models to investigate the associations between sleep and hypertension. Results: The overall prevalence of hypertension was 37.8%. A short sleep duration (OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.33, p = 0.001), self-reported trouble sleeping (OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.28 to 1.65, p < 0.001) and sleep disorder (OR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.07 to 1.66, p = 0.012) were related to the risk of hypertension. Poor sleep patterns were closely correlated with the risk of hypertension (OR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.62 to 2.24). Conclusions: Participants with poor sleep patterns were associated with an increased risk for hypertension.

534 Food Insecurity and Sleep Health by Race/Ethnicity and Age Group in the United States

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A211-A211
Author(s):  
Nyree Riley ◽  
Dana Alhasan ◽  
W Braxton Jackson ◽  
Chandra Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
High Food ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Falling Asleep

Abstract Introduction Food insecurity may influence sleep through poor mental health (e.g., depression) and immune system suppression. Although prior studies have found food insecurity to be associated with poor sleep, few studies have investigated the food security-sleep association among racially/ethnically diverse participants and with multiple sleep dimensions. Methods Using National Health Interview Survey data, we examined overall, age-, sex/gender-, and racial/ethnic-specific associations between food insecurity and sleep health. Food security was categorized as very low, low, marginal, and high. Sleep duration was categorized as very short (&lt;6 hours), short (&lt;7 hours), recommended (7–9 hours), and long (≥9 hours). Sleep disturbances included trouble falling and staying asleep, insomnia symptoms, waking up feeling unrested, and using sleep medication (all ≥3 days/times in the previous week). Adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and other confounders, we used Poisson regression with robust variance to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for sleep dimensions by very low, low, and marginal vs. high food security. Results The 177,435 participants’ mean age was 47.2±0.1 years, 52.0% were women, 68.4% were Non-Hispanic (NH)-White. Among individuals reporting very low food security, 75.4% had an annual income of &lt;$35,000 and 60.3% were ≥50 years old. After adjustment, very low vs. high food security was associated with a higher prevalence of very short (PR=2.61 [95%CI: 2.44–2.80]) and short (PR=1.66 [95% CI: 1.60–1.72]) sleep duration. Very low vs. high food security was associated with both trouble falling asleep (PR=2.21 [95% CI: 2.12–2.30]) and trouble staying asleep (PR=1.98 [95% CI: 1.91–2.06]). Very low vs. high food security was associated with higher prevalence of very short sleep duration among Asians (PR=3.64 [95% CI: 2.67–4.97]), Whites (PR=2.73 [95% CI: 2.50–2.99]), Blacks (PR=2.03 [95% CI: 1.80–2.31]), and Hispanic/Latinxs (PR=2.65 [95% CI: 2.30–3.07]). Conclusion Food insecurity was associated with poor sleep in a diverse sample of the US population. Support (if any):

Relationship between short sleep duration and cardiovascular risk factors in a multi-ethnic cohort – the helius study

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 1482-1488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Anujuo ◽  
Karien Stronks ◽  
Marieke B. Snijder ◽  
Girardin Jean-Louis ◽  
Femke Rutters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Helius Study

scholarly journals A Community-based Lifestyle Education Program Addressing Non-communicable Diseases in Low-literacy Areas of the South Pacific: A Pilot Control Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Lillian Kent ◽  
Pia Reierson ◽  
Darren Morton ◽  
Kesa Vasutoga ◽  
Paul Rankin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Group Process ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Literacy ◽  
Intervention Village ◽  
Control Village

Lifestyle interventions can effectively reduce chronic disease risk factors. This study examined the effectiveness of an established lifestyle intervention contextualized for low-literacy communities in Fiji. Ninety-six adults from four villages, with waist circumference (WC) indicative of risk of chronic disease, were randomly selected to an intervention or control group. Process evaluation indicated one intervention and one control village fulfilled the study protocol. There were no differences between intervention and control for body mass index BMI (P = 0.696), WC (P = 0.662), total cholesterol (TC) (P = 0.386), and TC:high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio (P = 0.485). The intervention village achieved greater reductions than the control village at 30 and 90 days for systolic blood pressure (30 days: −11.1% vs. −2.5%, P = 0.006; 90 days: −14.5% vs. −6.7%, P = 0.019); pulse rate (30 days: −7.0% vs. −1.1%, P = 0.866; 90 days: −7.1% vs. 4.3%, P = 0.027), and HDL (30 days: −13.9% vs. 1.7%, P = 0.206; 90 days: −18.9% vs. 2.2%, P = 0.001); at 90 days only for diastolic blood pressure (−14.4% vs. −0.2%, P = 0.010); at 30 days only for low-density lipoprotein (−11.6% vs. 8.0%, P = 0.009); and fasting plasma glucose (−10.2% vs. 4.3%, P = 0.032). However, for triglycerides, the control achieved greater reductions than the intervention village at 30 days (35.4% vs. −12.3%, P = 0.008; marginal at 90 days 16.4% vs. −23.5%, P = 0.054). This study provides preliminary evidence of the feasibility and potential effectiveness of the intervention to lower several risk factors for chronic disease over 30 days in rural settings in Fiji and supports consideration of larger studies.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Nutritional Status, Sleep Duration, Stress Level with Blood Pressure of Nurse Night Shift in the Hospital: Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Salmawati Salmawati ◽  
Ari Natalia Probandari ◽  
Sapja Anantanyu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: Hypertension as a cardiovascular disease occurs due to an uncontrolled increase in blood pressure. Night shift nurses with more overweight, short sleep duration, and excessive stress levels are at risk of increase blood pressure. This study aims to analyze how the relationship between obesity, nutritional status, sleep duration and stress level influence the blood pressure of the night shift nurses.Materials and methods: The subjects in this study were night shift nurses in four hospitals. The dependent variable was blood pressure and the independent variables were nutritional status, sleep duration, and stress levels. This study was an observational analysis with a perspective cohort design in which the subjects were 312 night shift nurses. Nutritional status were identified from Body Mass Index (BMI) through anthropometric measurement, sleep duration by looking at average hours of sleep during the night service, stress levels through the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) questionnaire. Blood pressure was measured using a mercury sphygmomanometer. Data were analyzed by Chi-square test and Logistic Regression.Results and Discussion: There was a significant relationship between nutritional status, sleep duration, and stress levels with blood pressure. The results of the multivariate analysis showed that the shift nurses with overweight (obesity) nutritional status are at a risk of having disorder 1.97 times, the shift nurses with sleep duration < 6 hours are at risk of having disorder 3.78 times and shift nurses with intermediate stress level at risk of having disorder 2.08 times with enhancement blood pressure.Conclusion: There is a relationship between nutritional status, sleep duration and stress level with blood pressure. Sleep duration mostly influences the blood pressure.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 04 No. 01 January’20 Page : 55-59

Abstract P545: Insufficient Sleep and Nitric Oxide-Mediated Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation in Adults With Elevated Blood Pressure

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly A Stockelman ◽  
Anthony R Bain ◽  
Dana M Withrow ◽  
Tracey A Larson ◽  
Elizabeth M Boland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Insufficient Sleep ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Normal Sleep

Elevated blood pressure (BP ≥130/80 mmHg) is associated with increased risk for myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke and vascular disease. Insufficient nightly sleep (<7 h/night) has been linked not only to the etiology of elevated blood pressure but is a prevalent, often ignored, comorbidity. Indeed, short sleep duration is now considered to be a plausible risk factor for elevated blood pressure and a harbinger of increased cardiovascular risk. A high prevalence of insufficient nightly sleep has been reported in adults with elevated blood pressure. The influence of insufficient sleep on endothelial vasodilator function in adults with elevated blood pressure is unknown. We tested the hypotheses that chronic insufficient sleep is associated with diminished nitric oxide (NO)-mediated endothelium-dependent vasodilation in adults with elevated blood pressure. Moreover, the insufficient sleep-related reduction in endothelial vasodilator function is due, at least in part to increased oxidative stress. Thirty-five middle-aged and older adults with elevated blood pressure were studied: 15 with normal nightly sleep duration (11M/4F; age: 58±2 yr; BP: 136/82±1/2 mmHg; sleep: 7.6±0.2 h/night) and 20 with short nightly sleep duration (14M/6F; 58±1 yr; BP: 138/84±1/1 mmHg; sleep: 6.0±0.1 h/night). Forearm blood flow (FBF) responses to intra-arterial infusion of acetylcholine (ACh), in the absence and presence of the endothelial NO synthase inhibitor N G -monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) and the antioxidant vitamin C were determined by venous occlusion plethysmography. The FBF response to ACh was significantly lower (~20%) in the short sleep (from 3.8±0.2 to 11.0±0.6 ml/100 ml tissue/min) compared with the normal sleep duration group (from 4.2±0.2 to 13.6±0.6 ml/100 ml tissue/min). L-NMMA significantly reduced (~25%) the FBF response to ACh in the normal sleep but not the short sleep group. Vitamin C markedly increased (~35%; P<0.05) the vasodilator response to ACh in short sleepers only. In summary, habitual short sleep duration worsens NO-mediated endothelium-dependent vasodilation in adults with elevated blood pressure. Furthermore, the sleep-related diminishment in endothelial vasodilator function is due, in part, to increased oxidative stress.

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