scholarly journals Pre-emptive Innovation Infrastructure for Medical Emergencies: Accelerating Healthcare Innovation in the Wake of a Global Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalil B. Ramadi ◽  
Shriya S. Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Time Scale ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
Innovation Infrastructure ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Academic Medical ◽  
Medical Emergencies ◽  
Funding Mechanisms ◽  
Healthcare Innovation

Healthcare innovation is impeded by high costs, the need for diverse skillsets, and complex regulatory processes. The COVID-19 pandemic exposed critical gaps in the current framework, especially those lying at the boundary between cutting-edge academic research and industry-scale manufacturing and production. While many resource-rich geographies were equipped with the required expertise to solve challenges posed by the pandemic, mechanisms to unite the appropriate institutions and scale up, fund, and mobilize solutions at a time-scale relevant to the emergency were lacking. We characterize the orthogonal spatial and temporal axes that dictate innovation. Improving on their limitations, we propose a “pre-emptive innovation infrastructure” incorporating in-house hospital innovation teams, consortia-based assembly of expertise, and novel funding mechanisms to combat future emergencies. By leveraging the strengths of academic, medical, government, and industrial institutions, this framework could improve ongoing innovation and supercharge the infrastructure for healthcare emergencies.

Interview with Argha Manna

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-421
Author(s):  
Partha Bhattacharjee ◽  
Priyanka Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
History Of Science ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Visual Medium ◽  
Visual Narratives ◽  
Arts And Humanities ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Medical Histories

Argha Manna is a cancer-researcher-turned cartoonist. He worked as a research fellow at Bose Institute, India. After leaving academic research, he joined a media-house and started operating as an independent comics artist. He loves to tell stories from the history of science, social history and lab-based science through visual narratives. His blog, Drawing History of Science (https://drawinghistoryofscience.wordpress.com), has been featured by Nature India. Argha has been collaborating with various scientific institutes and science communicator groups from India and abroad. His collaborators are from National Centre for Biological Science (NCBS, Bangalore), Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB, Hyderabad), Jadavpur University (Kolkata), Heidelberg Center for Transcultural Studies (University of Heidelberg, Germany) and a few others. Last year, he received STEMPeers Fellowship for creating comics on the history of vaccination and other aspects of medical histories, published in Club SciWri, a digital publication wing of STEMPeers Group. Currently, Argha is collaborating in a project, ‘Famine Tales from India and Britain’ as a graphic artist. This is a UK-based project, funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council, led by Dr Ayesha Mukherjee, University of Exeter. In this interview, Partha Bhattacharjee and Priyanka Tripathi speak with Indian ‘alternative’ cartoonist Argha Manna to trace his journey from a cancer researcher to a cartoonist. Manna is a storyteller of history of science, in visuals. Recently, his works reflect social problems under the light of historical and scientific theories. Bhattacharjee and Tripathi trace Manna’s shift from a science-storyteller in a visual medium to a medical-cartoonist who is working on issues related to a global pandemic, its impact on life and literature vis-à-vis social intervention. They also focus on Manna’s latest comics on COVID-19.

Aiding the Fourth Industrial Revolution in the Developing World

2021 ◽  
pp. 299-336
Author(s):  
Sampath S. Windsor ◽  
Carol Royal ◽  
Chatura C. Windsor
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Cultural Leadership ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Inclusive Society

Academic research that examines different leadership models utilised in the digital age within ICT4D that facilitates the Fourth Industrial Revolution for the marginalised people are scarce. This study focused on the e-Sri Lanka program, initially funded by the World Bank as a unique South Asian project that established a network of 1,005 Nenasala telecentres. Sri Lanka is further focused on building an e-smart, e-inclusive society through ICT4D. In 2020, the Nenasala 2.0 initiative is to be expanded on the Nenasala network to scale up e-society innovations. This context provides an exciting research bedrock to explore. The research findings revealed that leadership at various organisational levels will be key to Nenasala 2.0 and ICT4D program sustainability. The Nenasala model that benefitted from unique community-based leadership was termed socio-cultural leadership. A replication of the study in other developing countries to identify the leadership needed in ICT4D could prove invaluable as it may identify viable complementary options to commercially orientated telecentres.

scholarly journals Management of Acute Stroke During COVID-19 Global Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-9
Author(s):  
Jeyaraj Durai Pandian ◽  
Ivy Sebastian
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Stroke Care ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Optimal Management ◽  
Global Consensus ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Medical Emergencies ◽  
Timely Treatment ◽  
The Continuum

The COVID-19 pandemic is a serious public health emergency, which has caught the world unawares. The rapidly escalating intensity of this outbreak has overwhelmed the existent health care resources leading to major implications on the optimal management of other important medical emergencies like stroke. Timely treatment of acute stroke is imperative to prevent disability, thereby necessitating the need for guidelines so as to maintain the continuum of stroke care, while also protecting health care personnel. We have summarized the global consensus with focus on India.

scholarly journals Developing Sustainable Prehospital Care for NCD Emergencies in Rwanda: A Collaboration between EMS, Ministry of Health of Rwanda, and Virginia Commonwealth University

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (s1) ◽  
pp. s64-s64
Author(s):  
Jean Marie Uwitonze ◽  
Basil Asay ◽  
Ignace Kabagema ◽  
Stephanie Louka ◽  
Luke Wolfe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prehospital Care ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
T Test ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Course Assessment ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Medical Emergencies ◽  
Virginia Commonwealth University ◽  
Student’S T

Introduction:Every year, 71% of all deaths globally are due to NCDs. Over 85% of these deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), with 36% of all reported deaths in Rwanda attributed to NCDs. Approximately 24 million lives are lost each year in LMICs due to emergency medical conditions. The collaboration between VCU and the EMS Rwanda designed and implemented a pre-hospital medical emergencies training course and train-the-trainers program to address the rise of NCDs.Methods:During the course, pre and post 50 assessment questions were administered. Two cohorts participated 25 prehospital staff identified by EMS to form an instructor core and 19 emergency staff from public hospitals who are likely to respond to local emergencies in the community. A two-day EMCC was developed using established best practices. The Instructor core completed EMCC 1 and a one-day educator course and then taught the second cohort (EMCC2). Student’s t-test and matched paired t-tests were used to evaluate the assessments.Results:Mean score on EMCC 1 was 43% (SD: 20) compared to 85% (SD: 5) on post-course assessment. Pre-assessment failure rate was 88%. Mean scores for EMCC 2 were 45% (SD: 14) and 81% (SD: 10) on post-assessment. Pre-assessment score was low (50%). A paired t-test comparing pre-course to post-course assessment means demonstrated an increase by 42% (SD 30) for EMCC 1 (p<0.001) and 37% (SD: 14) for EMCC 2 (p<0.001) with 95% confidence. No items had to be removed from analysis based on the discrimination index (di).Discussion:NCDs often present as emergencies such as myocardial infarction and stroke. Effective management of these in the prehospital setting is essential to optimal outcomes. This study effectively implemented a training program in Kigali, Rwanda and created an instructor core to allow scale-up of effective pre-hospital services across the country.

Continuous leaching of uranium from an Indian ore: Residence time scale up and heat effects

2014 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Anand Rao ◽  
T. Sreenivas ◽  
Madhu Vinjamur ◽  
A.K. Suri
Keyword(s):  
Residence Time ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Heat Effects

Medication errors during medical emergencies in a large, tertiary care, academic medical center

Resuscitation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 482-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Gokhman ◽  
Amy L. Seybert ◽  
Paul Phrampus ◽  
Joseph Darby ◽  
Sandra L. Kane-Gill
Keyword(s):  
Medication Errors ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Academic Medical Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Academic Medical ◽  
Large Tertiary Care ◽  
Medical Emergencies

scholarly journals A Newly Designed Automatically Controlled, Sterilizable Flat Panel Photobioreactor for Axenic Algae Culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Fuchs ◽  
Nathanael D. Arnold ◽  
Daniel Garbe ◽  
Simon Deimel ◽  
Jan Lorenzen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Climate ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Flat Panel ◽  
Engineering Technology ◽  
Control Technologies ◽  
Industrial Standards ◽  
Gas Lift

In context of the global climate change, microalgae processes are gaining momentum as a biotechnological tool for direct fixation and valorization of greenhouse gases. Algae have the metabolic capacity to photosynthetically convert CO2 into high value products, such as food additives, under economic boundary conditions. High cost, commercial flat panel gas-lift bioreactors for microalgae cultivation at laboratory scale provide either small volumes or no sterile operation, which limits academic research. This brief report presents initial data for a new type of sterile operating flat panel gas-lift bioreactor with a unique asymmetrical U-shape. It utilizes automatable process control technologies that adhere to industrial standards to enhance data reproducibility and aid industrial scale up. The practicability was demonstrated using a Chlorella sorokiniana cultivation, which showed the typical growth behavior. Due to the sophisticated implemented control engineering technology, pivotal parameters as pH and temperature can be determined within a range of ±0.1 units, which was confirmed experimentally. The new flat panel gas-lift photobioreactor presented in this brief report fills the technology gap at laboratory scale with an autoclavable volume of 7.2 L. Moreover, it is easy to rebuild by means of the hereby provided blueprint, while exhibiting a six-fold cost reduction compared to commercially available flat panel photobioreactors.

Approach to transverse uniformity of concentration distribution of a solute in a solvent flowing along a straight pipe

2014 ◽  
Vol 740 ◽  
pp. 196-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi Wu ◽  
G. Q. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Time Scale ◽  
Concentration Distribution ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Straight Pipe ◽  
Concentration Difference ◽  
Molecular Diffusivity ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Transverse Variation

AbstractAssociated with Taylor’s classical analysis of scalar solute dispersion in the laminar flow of a solvent in a straight pipe, this work explores the approach towards transverse uniformity of concentration distribution. Mei’s homogenization technique is extended to find solutions for the concentration transport. Chatwin’s result for the approach to longitudinal normality is recovered in terms of the mean concentration over the cross-section. The asymmetrical structure of the concentration cloud and the transverse variation of the concentration distribution are concretely illustrated for the initial stage. The rate of approach to uniformity is shown to be much slower than that to normality. When the longitudinal normality of mean concentration is well established, the maximum transverse concentration difference remains near one-half of the centroid concentration of the cloud. A time scale up to$10 R^2/D$($R$is the radius of the pipe and$D$is the molecular diffusivity) is suggested to characterize the transition to transverse uniformity, in contrast to the time scale of$0.1 R^2/D$estimated by Taylor for the initial stage of dispersion, and that of$1.0 R^2/D$by Chatwin for longitudinal normality.

scholarly journals Identifying disincentives to ethics consultation requests among physicians, advance practice providers, and nurses: a quality improvement all staff survey at a tertiary academic medical center

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynette Cederquist ◽  
Jamie Nicole LaBuzetta ◽  
Edward Cachay ◽  
Lawrence Friedman ◽  
Cassia Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Academic Medical Center ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Ethics Consultation ◽  
Consult Service ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowing How ◽  
Academic Medical

Abstract Background Ethics consult services are well established, but often remain underutilized. Our aim was to identify the barriers and perceptions of the Ethics consult service for physicians, advance practice providers (APPs), and nurses at our urban academic medical center which might contribute to underutilization. Methods This was a cross-sectional single-health system, anonymous written online survey, which was developed by the UCSD Health Clinical Ethics Committee and distributed by Survey Monkey. We compare responses between physicians, APPs, and nurses using standard parametric and non-parametric statistical methods. Satisfaction with ethics consult and likelihood of calling Ethics service again were assessed using a 0–100 scale using a 5-likert response structured (0 being “not helpful at all” to 100 being “extremely helpful”) and results presented using box plots and interquartile ranges (IQR). Results From January to July 2019, approximately 3800 surveys were sent to all physicians, APPs and nurses with a return rate of 5.5—10%. Although the majority of respondents had encountered an ethical dilemma (85–92.1%) only approximately half had ever requested an Ethics consult. The primary reason for physicians never having requested a consult was that they never felt the need for help (41%). For APPs the primary reasons were not knowing an Ethics consult service was available (33.3%) or not knowing how to contact Ethics (27.8%). For nurses, it was not knowing how to contact the Ethics consult service (30.8%) or not feeling the need for help (26.2%). The median satisfaction score (IQR) for Ethics consult services rated on a 0–100 scale, from physicians was 76 (29), for AAPs 89 (49), and nurses 70 (40) (p = 0.62). The median (IQR) of likelihood of consulting Ethics in the future also on a 0–100 scale was 71 (47) for physicians, 69 (45) for APPs, and 61 (45) for nurses (p = 0.79). APP’s and nurses were significantly more likely than physicians to believe that the team did not act on the Ethics consult’s recommendations. Conclusions Based on the results presented, we were able to identify actionable steps to better engage healthcare providers—and in particular APPs and nurses—and scale up institutional educational efforts to increase awareness of the role of the Ethics consult service at our institution. Actionable steps included implementing a system of ongoing feedback that is critical for the sustainability of the Ethics service role. We hope this project can serve as a blueprint for other hospital-based Ethics consult services to improve the quality of their programs.

scholarly journals Innovating From Within: A Process Model for User-Centered Digital Development in Academic Medical Centers (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Kuppin Chokshi ◽  
Devin M. Mann
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Academic Medical Centers ◽  
Medical Centers ◽  
Academic Medical ◽  
Digital Development ◽  
User Centered

BACKGROUND Design thinking and human-centered design approaches have become increasingly common in health care literature, particularly in relation to health information technology (HIT), as a pathway toward the development of usable, diffusible tools and processes. There is a need in academic medical centers tasked with digital innovation for a comprehensive process model to guide development that incorporates current industry trends, including design thinking and lean and agile approaches to digital development. OBJECTIVE This study aims to describe the foundations and phases of our model for user-centered HIT development. METHODS Based on our experience, we established an integrated approach and rigorous process for HIT development that leverages design thinking and lean and agile strategies in a pragmatic way while preserving methodological integrity in support of academic research goals. RESULTS A four-phased pragmatic process model was developed for user-centered digital development in HIT. CONCLUSIONS The model for user-centered HIT development that we developed is the culmination of diverse innovation projects and represents a multiphased, high-fidelity process for making more creative, flexible, efficient, and effective tools. This model is a critical step in building a rigorous approach to HIT design that incorporates a multidisciplinary, pragmatic perspective combined with academic research practices and state-of-the-art approaches to digital product development to meet the unique needs of health care.

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