scholarly journals A Protocol Study to Establish Psychological Outcomes From the Use of Wearables for Health and Fitness Monitoring

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frans Folkvord ◽  
Amy van Breugel ◽  
Sanneke de Haan ◽  
Marcella de Wolf ◽  
Marjolein de Boer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Psychological Outcomes ◽  
Activity Monitoring ◽  
Trial Registration ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Psychological Outcome ◽  
Subject Design ◽  
Technological Tools ◽  
Protocol Study

Background: The last few decades people have increasingly started to use technological tools for health and activity monitoring, such as tracking apps and wearables. The main assumption is that these tools are effective in reinforcing self-empowerment because they support better-informed lifestyle decision-making. However, experimental research assessing the effectiveness of the technological tools on such psychological outcomes is limited.Methods and Design: Three studies will be conducted. First, we will perform a systematic review to examine the experimental evidence on the effects of self-tracking apps on psychological outcome measurements. Second, we will conduct a longitudinal field experiment with a between subject design. Participants (N = 150) begin a 50-day exercise program, either with or without the aid of the self-tracking app Strava. Among those who use Strava, we vary between those who use all features and those who use a limited set of features. Participants complete questionnaires at baseline, at 10, 25, and 50 days, and provide details on what information has been tracked via the platform. Third, a subset of participants is interviewed to acquire additional qualitative data. The study will provide a rich set of data, enabling triangulation, and contextualization of the findings.Discussion: People increasingly engage in self-tracking whereby they use technological tools for health and activity monitoring, although the effects are still unknown. Considering the mixed results of the existing evidence, it is difficult to draw firm conclusions, showing more research is needed to develop a comprehensive understanding.Trial registration: Netherlands Trial registration: NL9402, received on 20 April 2021; https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/9402.

scholarly journals Caregiver Burden and Emotional Wellbeing in Informal Caregivers to ICU Survivors: A Prospective Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Milton ◽  
Anna Schandl ◽  
Ing-Marie Larsson ◽  
Ewa Wallin ◽  
Johanna Savilampi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Psychological Outcomes ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Psychological Outcome

Abstract BackgroundInformal caregivers to intensive care unit (ICU) survivors may develop post-intensive care syndrome family (PICS-F), including psychological problems such as depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress (PTS). Our primary aim was to investigate associations between caregiver burden in informal caregivers cohabiting with ICU survivors and patients’ physical and psychological outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a prospective, multicentre cohort study in four ICUs in Sweden. Adults cohabiting with ICU patients included in a previous study were eligible for inclusion. Three months post-ICU, informal caregivers received questionnaires assessing perceived caregiver burden, health-related quality of life (HRQL) and symptoms of depression, anxiety and PTS. In parallel, patients reported their physical and psychological status via validated questionnaires. The primary outcome was to compare caregiver burden in informal caregivers to patients with and without adverse physical and psychological outcomes three months post-ICU. Secondary outcomes were correlations between caregiver burden and informal caregivers’ psychological status and mental HRQL.ResultsAmong 62 included informal caregivers, 55 (89%) responded to the follow-up questionnaires. Caregiver burden was higher in informal caregivers to patients with an adverse psychological or physical outcome, compared to informal caregivers to patients without an adverse outcome, caregiver burden scale score mean (±standard deviation) 52 (11) and 41 (13) respectively (p=0.003). There was strong negative correlation between caregiver burden and informal caregivers’ mental HRQL (rs -0.74, p<0.001). ConclusionInformal caregivers to ICU survivors with an adverse physical or psychological outcome experience a higher caregiver burden. A higher caregiver burden correlates with worse caregiver mental HRQL. ICU follow-up programs should consider screening and follow-up of informal caregivers for mental health problems.Trial registrationThe study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02712541 on March 18 2016.

scholarly journals Boundary work in response to professionals’ contextual constraints: Micro-strategies in interprofessional collaboration

2022 ◽  
pp. 017084062210741
Author(s):  
Clarissa E. Weber ◽  
Christian Kortkamp ◽  
Indre Maurer ◽  
Eva Hummers
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Interprofessional Collaboration ◽  
Boundary Work ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Professional Boundaries ◽  
First Order ◽  
Everyday Work ◽  
Legal Restrictions ◽  
Different Sources

Boundary-work research has extensively explored how professionals engage in boundary work to protect or expand their professional boundaries in interprofessional collaboration (IPC). Yet professionals’ contextual constraints in everyday work, such as time pressure or legal restrictions, often result in competing interests of the professionals involved in IPC, prompting them to engage in boundary work to limit—instead of protect or expand—their boundaries. Our empirical analysis uses comprehensive qualitative data on IPC in Germany between self-employed general practitioners (GPs) and registered nurses employed in nursing homes in which GPs’ efficiency interests compete with nurses’ safeguarding interests, leading both professionals to engage in boundary-work efforts to limit their boundaries. Our findings provide a comprehensive understanding and framework of professionals’ boundary work, showing that individual GPs and nurses typically hold a portfolio of various defending and accommodating micro-strategies. Based on our first-order findings, we identify how different sources of power enable particular micro-strategies and explore how the choice of micro-strategies depends on different forms of trust in the collaborating partner. Lastly, we outline interactions of micro-strategies, illustrating how the outcomes of professionals’ bilateral boundary work depend on the sequence of these strategies.

Evaluating and Analysing Qualitative Data

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bridget E Ogharanduku ◽  
Lubaina Zakaria ◽  
Rafał Sitko ◽  
Katherine J C Sang
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Template Analysis ◽  
Technological Tools

The nature and volume of qualitative data can be overwhelming for researchers. This chapter provides useful steps for organising, managing and analysing qualitative data. Several techniques for analysing qualitative data are discussed in this chapter with examples to enable users to conduct their own analysis. The techniques include grounded theory, thematic analysis, template analysis, narrative analysis, textual analysis, discourse analyses, content analysis and hermeneutics. Validity and reliability issues to consider when analysing qualitative data are equally discussed. The chapter also considers technological tools available for organising, managing and retrieving qualitative data.

scholarly journals Prolotherapy injections and physiotherapy used singly and in combination for lateral epicondylalgia: a single-blinded randomised clinical trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Yelland ◽  
David Rabago ◽  
Michael Ryan ◽  
Shu-Kay Ng ◽  
Dinusha Vithanachchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Tennis Elbow ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Clinical Trial Design ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Randomised Clinical Trial ◽  
Trial Registration ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
Lateral Epicondylalgia ◽  
Global Impression Of Change

Abstract Background Lateral epicondylalgia (tennis elbow) is a common, debilitating and often treatment-resistant condition. Two treatments thought to address the pathology of lateral epicondylalgia are hypertonic glucose plus lignocaine injections (prolotherapy) and a physiotherapist guided manual therapy/exercise program (physiotherapy). This trial aimed to compare the short- and long-term clinical effectiveness, cost effectiveness, and safety of prolotherapy used singly and in combination with physiotherapy. Methods Using a single-blinded randomised clinical trial design, 120 participants with lateral epicondylalgia of at least 6 weeks’ duration were randomly assigned to prolotherapy (4 sessions, monthly intervals), physiotherapy (weekly for 4 sessions) or combined (prolotherapy+physiotherapy). The Patient-Rated Tennis Elbow Evaluation (PRTEE) and participant global impression of change scores were assessed by blinded evaluators at baseline, 6, 12, 26 and 52 weeks. Success rate was defined as the percentage of participants indicating elbow condition was either ‘much improved’ or ‘completely recovered.’ Analysis was by intention-to-treat. Results Eighty-eight percent completed the 12-month assessment. At 52 weeks, there were substantial, significant improvements compared with baseline status for all outcomes and groups, but no significant differences between groups. The physiotherapy group exhibited greater reductions in PRTEE at 12 weeks than the prolotherapy group (p = 0.014). Conclusion There were no significant differences amongst the Physiotherapy, Prolotherapy and Combined groups in PRTEE and global impression of change measures over the course of the 12-month trial. Trial registration ACTRN12612000993897.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of preoperative rehabilitation programmes on postoperative outcomes following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayley M. Carter ◽  
Chris Littlewood ◽  
Kate E. Webster ◽  
Benjamin E. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Return To Sport ◽  
Quadriceps Strength ◽  
Psychological Outcomes ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Trial Registration ◽  
Perturbation Training ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Abstract Background To explore the effectiveness of preoperative rehabilitation programmes (PreHab) on postoperative physical and psychological outcomes following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Method A systematic search was conducted from inception to November 2019. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published in English were included. Risk of bias was assessed using Version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment system was used to evaluate the quality of evidence. Results The search identified 739 potentially eligible studies, three met the inclusion criteria. All included RCTs scored ‘high’ risk of bias. PreHab in all three RCTs was an exercise programme, each varied in content (strength, control, balance and perturbation training), frequency (10 to 24 sessions) and length (3.1- to 6-weeks). Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were reported for quadriceps strength (one RCT) and single leg hop scores (two RCTs) in favour of PreHab three months after ACLR, compared to no PreHab. One RCT reported no statistically significant between-group difference for pain and function. No RCT evaluated post-operative psychological outcomes. Conclusion Very low quality evidence suggests that PreHab that includes muscular strength, balance and perturbation training offers a small benefit to quadriceps strength and single leg hop scores three months after ACLR compared with no PreHab. There is no consensus on the optimum PreHab programme content, frequency and length. Further research is needed to develop PreHab programmes that consider psychosocial factors and the measurement of relevant post-operative outcomes such as psychological readiness and return to sport. Trial registration PROSPERO trial registration number. CRD42020162754.

scholarly journals Training Model for Attacking in Football of 16 Years Old

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-18
Author(s):  
Valentino Hary ◽  
Bahtiar Firdiansyah
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Training Model ◽  
P Value ◽  
School Students ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Small Test ◽  
The Difference

The aim of this research is to produce a training model for attacking football and also to refute its effectiveness for children aged 16 years. As for the steps in developing the research, the Borg and Gall steps involved 15 subjects for the small test and 60 for the large test. Qualitative data were obtained from observations, documentation and interviews; meanwhile, for the quantitative data using the effectiveness test. The trial of this study used pre and post tests with 10 opposing criteria. In mathematical calculations the significance of the difference t-count = -28.971, db = 43 and p-value = 0.00 <0.05, which means it contains significance before and after giving treatment. It can be concluded that the model is applied effectively to improve the ability for attacking amongst school students aged 16 years. Thus, representing the differences in motor skills highlights the principle of specificity for attacking training at the age of 16 must be considered that the load of portions in the exercise program can be maximized.  

scholarly journals Planning implementation and scale-up of physical activity interventions for people with walking difficulties: study protocol for the process evaluation of the ComeBACK trial

Trials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siobhan Wong ◽  
Leanne Hassett ◽  
Harriet Koorts ◽  
Anne Grunseit ◽  
Allison Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Process Evaluation ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Complex Interventions ◽  
Trial Registration ◽  
Physical Activity Interventions

Abstract Background There is currently little evidence of planning for real-world implementation of physical activity interventions. We are undertaking the ComeBACK (Coaching and Exercise for Better Walking) study, a 3-arm hybrid Type 1 randomised controlled trial evaluating a health coaching intervention and a text messaging intervention. We used an implementation planning framework, the PRACTical planning for Implementation and Scale-up (PRACTIS), to guide the process evaluation for the trial. The aim of this paper is to describe the protocol for the process evaluation of the ComeBACK trial using the framework of the PRACTIS guide. Methods A mixed methods process evaluation protocol was developed informed by the Medical Research Council (MRC) guidance on process evaluations for complex interventions and the PRACTIS guide. Quantitative data, including participant questionnaires, health coach and administrative logbooks, and website and text message usage data, is being collected over the trial period. Semi-structured interviews and focus groups with trial participants, health coaches and health service stakeholders will explore expectations, factors influencing the delivery of the ComeBACK interventions and potential scalability within existing health services. These data will be mapped against the steps of the PRACTIS guide, with reporting at the level of the individual, provider, organisational and community/systems. Quantitative and qualitative data will elicit potential contextual barriers and facilitators to implementation and scale-up. Quantitative data will be reported descriptively, and qualitative data analysed thematically. Discussion This process evaluation integrates an evaluation of prospective implementation and scale-up. It is envisaged this will inform barriers and enablers to future delivery, implementation and scale-up of physical activity interventions. To our knowledge, this is the first paper to describe the application of PRACTIS to guide the process evaluation of physical activity interventions. Trial registration Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) Registration date: 10/12/2018.

Dear (Digital) Diary

2022 ◽  
pp. 375-389
Author(s):  
Veronica Moretti
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Technological Tools ◽  
The Subject

This chapter investigates how individuals interpreted and considered the audio-diary technique, understanding the interaction between the subject and the medium and the potential of new technological tools (e.g., smartphone, social network) in producing data. The research is based on a previous study conducted during the COVID-19 lockdown in Italy, more specifically, the transition from phase 1 to phase 2. Each participant—11 female and 6 male, between 28 and 45 years old, and living in the northern part of Italy—was asked to register one audio per day for a week (7-13 May). After this period, the author undertook a final follow-up semi-structured interview to evaluate how much the audio-diary had an impact both on people's daily lives and on their way of expressing information. The data collected suggest a number of advantages and disadvantages to the use of audio-diary to collect individuals' experience. The author will briefly describe the steps of AD technique by using the collected material (interviews) and what has emerged from the analysis of qualitative data.

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