scholarly journals Boundary work in response to professionals’ contextual constraints: Micro-strategies in interprofessional collaboration

2022 ◽  
pp. 017084062210741
Author(s):  
Clarissa E. Weber ◽  
Christian Kortkamp ◽  
Indre Maurer ◽  
Eva Hummers
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Interprofessional Collaboration ◽  
Boundary Work ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Professional Boundaries ◽  
First Order ◽  
Everyday Work ◽  
Legal Restrictions ◽  
Different Sources

Boundary-work research has extensively explored how professionals engage in boundary work to protect or expand their professional boundaries in interprofessional collaboration (IPC). Yet professionals’ contextual constraints in everyday work, such as time pressure or legal restrictions, often result in competing interests of the professionals involved in IPC, prompting them to engage in boundary work to limit—instead of protect or expand—their boundaries. Our empirical analysis uses comprehensive qualitative data on IPC in Germany between self-employed general practitioners (GPs) and registered nurses employed in nursing homes in which GPs’ efficiency interests compete with nurses’ safeguarding interests, leading both professionals to engage in boundary-work efforts to limit their boundaries. Our findings provide a comprehensive understanding and framework of professionals’ boundary work, showing that individual GPs and nurses typically hold a portfolio of various defending and accommodating micro-strategies. Based on our first-order findings, we identify how different sources of power enable particular micro-strategies and explore how the choice of micro-strategies depends on different forms of trust in the collaborating partner. Lastly, we outline interactions of micro-strategies, illustrating how the outcomes of professionals’ bilateral boundary work depend on the sequence of these strategies.

Supercritical CO2 Extraction of Rhizoma Atractylodis macrocephalae

2012 ◽  
Vol 549 ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
Zhen Huang ◽  
Xiao Han Shi ◽  
Shao Fang Liu ◽  
Wei Juan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Orthogonal Array ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Orthogonal Array Design ◽  
Array Design ◽  
Different Sources

An orthogonal array design was employed for optimizing the supercritical CO2 extraction of Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae. The extraction was performed at temperature from 40 to 60oC, pressure from 15 to 35MPa, extraction time varying from 30 to 90min and particle size spanning from 20 to 80 mesh. The results reflect that the extraction yield is more significantly influenced by the extraction time, pressure and particle size but less by temperature. The experiments show that the extraction yield obviously increases with increasing pressure, different from the literatures. In terms of the sample origin, a comparison shows that outstanding differences exist among the extraction yields from different sources.

scholarly journals PEER DESIGNERS AS STRONG INFLUENCERS ON THE DESIGN PROCESS OF FOOD STARTUPS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 2409-2418
Author(s):  
Summer D. Jung ◽  
Erika Perttunen ◽  
Senni Kirjavainen ◽  
Tua Björklund ◽  
Sohyeong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Peer Influences ◽  
Design Team ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Design Ideas ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractAs design research expands its horizon, there has been a recent rise in studies on nontraditional designers. Previous studies have noted the positive effect of diversity in generating ideas. Among different sources of influence, peers outside the design team have been noted for their positive impact on the design process, yet the research on this topic is still in its early stages. Using qualitative data from 40 small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the American and Finnish food and beverage industries, the current study examines their interactions with other SMEs, shedding light on the influence of peers on creating new design solutions. The findings suggest that peer companies can act as a frequent and impactful source of inspiration for product design ideas. The most prevalent forms of interaction were co-creating products, sharing information, and sharing ingredients. Furthermore, the interactions were voluntary, organic, and improvisational in nature, and physical proximity or previous connections often initiated the interactions. Taken together, a great number of peer influences contributed towards creative new solutions.

scholarly journals EXPRESS: Professional Boundaries in-Action: Using Reflective Spaces for Boundary Work to Incorporate a New Health Care Role

2021 ◽  
pp. 001872672110103
Author(s):  
Nina Lunkka ◽  
Noora Jansson ◽  
Tuija Mainela ◽  
Marjo Suhonen ◽  
Merja Meriläinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Boundary Work ◽  
Institutional Context ◽  
Professional Role ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Professional Boundaries ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Transformative Potential ◽  
Professional Boundary

Prior research on professional boundary work emphasises the importance of subtle interactions among affected individuals when a new role is inserted into an established professional setting, which inevitably changes the prevalent division of labour. Thus, managers may set reflective spaces for professionals to collaboratively arrange their boundaries and make room for the new professional. This ethnomethodologically oriented study examines boundary arrangements in work development meetings in a university hospital, while professionals made room for a new role, a hospitalist. Examining professionals’ naturally occurring interactions in reflective spaces, the findings depict seven categorisations for the hospitalist. Elaborating on the dynamics of these categorisations, we propose that technically based categorisations sustain stability and context-bound categorisations allow change in work practices, whereas their combination enables transformation within the institutional context. Accordingly, the study adds to the literature on the transformative potential of reflective spaces by illuminating the intertwining of engaged professionals’ boundary talk-in-interaction with the consequences of configurational boundary work in relation to a new professional role.

scholarly journals Writing Anxiety Among Saudi Female Learners at Some Saudi Universities

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Nafilah M. Aloairdhi
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
English Language ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Writing Apprehension ◽  
Mixed Method Study ◽  
Writing Anxiety ◽  
Specific Formula

Writing is an important skill in language learning and in academic achievement. The level of writing anxiety could affect students' achievements positively or negatively. This research aimed to examine the writing anxiety among Saudi female learners enrolled in English language departments at some Saudi universities. It also aimed to identify the sources of writing anxiety. To this end, a mixed method study was designed in which Writing Apprehension Test (WAT) Scale by Daly and Miller (1975) and an open-ended question were used to collect necessary data from 105 randomly selected learners. For data analysis, two different statistical procedures in Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and a specific formula suggested by Daly and Miller (1975) were applied. Coding was applied to qualitative data. The results indicated that the participants (N = 105) experience moderate level of writing anxiety. In addition, the main sources of writing anxiety were evaluation, generating ideas, grammar, time pressure, and lack of confidence.

The Interplay of Inter- and Intraprofessional Boundary Work in Multidisciplinary Teams

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 1649-1672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariline Comeau-Vallée ◽  
Ann Langley
Keyword(s):  
Interprofessional Collaboration ◽  
Boundary Work ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
High Status ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
The Social ◽  
Lower Status ◽  
Dynamic Interplay

The challenges of managing interprofessional boundaries within multidisciplinary teams are well known. However, the role of intraprofessional relations in influencing the dynamics of interprofessional collaboration remain underexplored. Our qualitative study offers a fine-grained analysis of the interplay between inter- and intraprofessional boundary work among three professional groups in a multidisciplinary team over a period of two years. Our contribution to the literature is threefold. First, we identify various forms of “competitive” and “collaborative” boundary work that may occur simultaneously at both inter- and intraprofessional levels. Second, we reveal the dynamic interplay between inter- and intraprofessional boundary negotiations over time. Third, we theorize relationships between the social position of professional groups, and the uses and consequences of competitive and collaborative boundary work tactics at intra- and interprofessional levels. Specifically, we show how intraprofessional conflict within high-status groups may affect interprofessional dynamics, we reveal how intraprofessional and interprofessional boundaries may be mobilized positively to support collaborative relations, and we show how mobilization within lower-status groups around interprofessional boundary grievances can paradoxically lead to further marginalization.

scholarly journals Oxygen uptake during mineralization of humic substances from Infernão Lagoon (São Paulo, Brazil)

2004 ◽  
Vol 64 (3b) ◽  
pp. 583-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Cunha-Santino ◽  
I. Bianchini JR.
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Aquatic Macrophyte ◽  
Uptake Coefficient ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Different Sources

Assays were carried out to evaluate the dissolved oxygen uptake resulting from mineralization of humic substances (fulvic acid (FA) and humic acid (HA)) from different sources: sediment, dissolved organic matter (DOM) of 120-day decomposed aquatic macrophyte (Scirpus cubensis and Cabomba piauhyensis), and lagoon DOM. The experiments were also aimed at estimating the oxygen uptake coefficient of the mineralization. About 20-30 mg of substrate were added to 1.1 liters of water from Infernão Lagoon (21º33' to 21º37'S; 47º45' to 47º51'W). The solutions were aerated and the dissolved oxygen (DO) was monitored during 40 days. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC) were estimated after 80 days of the experiment. Anaerobic processes were avoided by aerating the solutions. The results were fitted to a first-order kinetics model, from which the uptake of oxygen parameters was obtained. Oxygen consumption (OC) ranged from 4.24 mg L-1 (HA - S. cubensis) to 33.76 mg L-1 (FA - sediment). The highest deoxygenation coefficient (kD) was observed during mineralization of FA - DOM (0.299 day-1), followed in decreasing order by FA - S. cubensis, HA - sediment, HA - S. cubensis, FA - sediment, and FA - C. piauhyensis (0.282; 0.255; 0.178; 0.130, and 0.123 day-1, respectively). The carbon analyses indicated that the FA and HA samples at the end of the experiment presented a decay that varied from 15.23% to 42.35% and that the FA and HA conversions into POC were relatively low (from 0.76% to 3.94%).

The Internet as social ally

First Monday ◽  
2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Tracy Wells ◽  
Lee Rainie
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Random Selection ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Community Network ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
The People ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Selection Of

How do people use the internet to solve problems? Employing quantitative and qualitative data from two surveys, one in which a random selection of the U.S population responded and one in which a self-selected group of people responded, we argue that individuals use different sources and channels to seek information and assistance, depending on the problem they face. We find that a significant portion of online Americans turn to the internet at times because it seems to fulfill their needs more readily and thoroughly than the people in their community network do. We present evidence of when people use the internet versus seeking the assistance of friends and family and possible reasons for this behavior. This research demonstrates how, to what extent, when and why the internet supplements people’s lives.

An executive's handbook for understanding and risk managing unit linked guarantees

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Maher ◽  
J. Corrigan ◽  
A. Bentley ◽  
W. Diffey
Keyword(s):  
Capital Markets ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Market Risk ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Senior Executive ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Micro Structure ◽  
Executive Summary ◽  
First Order

AbstractThe focus of this paper is the identification, and more importantly, sustainable management, of risks embedded in guarantees attaching to unit linked savings and retirement contracts (as commonly referred to as GMxBs). In developing customer centric guarantees that are not readily transferrable to the capital markets, insurance undertakings require the skills and resources to hedge the guarantees within their own balance sheet (or with a temporary use of packaged solutions such as reinsurance). In taking on the guarantee manufacture task insurers are departing from areas of historic competence and need to develop a comprehensive understanding of all elements of market risk replication. These include both first order market exposures as well as the material second order risks associated with market micro structure. The paper seeks to integrate this comprehensive analysis within a practitioner focused framework and concludes with a senior executive summary of “Seven key considerations in successful guarantee manufacture”.

scholarly journals A Protocol Study to Establish Psychological Outcomes From the Use of Wearables for Health and Fitness Monitoring

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frans Folkvord ◽  
Amy van Breugel ◽  
Sanneke de Haan ◽  
Marcella de Wolf ◽  
Marjolein de Boer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Psychological Outcomes ◽  
Activity Monitoring ◽  
Trial Registration ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Psychological Outcome ◽  
Subject Design ◽  
Technological Tools ◽  
Protocol Study

Background: The last few decades people have increasingly started to use technological tools for health and activity monitoring, such as tracking apps and wearables. The main assumption is that these tools are effective in reinforcing self-empowerment because they support better-informed lifestyle decision-making. However, experimental research assessing the effectiveness of the technological tools on such psychological outcomes is limited.Methods and Design: Three studies will be conducted. First, we will perform a systematic review to examine the experimental evidence on the effects of self-tracking apps on psychological outcome measurements. Second, we will conduct a longitudinal field experiment with a between subject design. Participants (N = 150) begin a 50-day exercise program, either with or without the aid of the self-tracking app Strava. Among those who use Strava, we vary between those who use all features and those who use a limited set of features. Participants complete questionnaires at baseline, at 10, 25, and 50 days, and provide details on what information has been tracked via the platform. Third, a subset of participants is interviewed to acquire additional qualitative data. The study will provide a rich set of data, enabling triangulation, and contextualization of the findings.Discussion: People increasingly engage in self-tracking whereby they use technological tools for health and activity monitoring, although the effects are still unknown. Considering the mixed results of the existing evidence, it is difficult to draw firm conclusions, showing more research is needed to develop a comprehensive understanding.Trial registration: Netherlands Trial registration: NL9402, received on 20 April 2021; https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/9402.

Boundary Work and Contextual Demands: Micro-Strategies in Interprofessional Collaboration

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 20909
Author(s):  
Christian P. Kortkamp ◽  
Clarissa E. Weber ◽  
Indre Maurer
Keyword(s):  
Interprofessional Collaboration ◽  
Boundary Work
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