scholarly journals Disentangling Sedimentary Pathways for the Pleniglacial Lower Danube Loess Based on Geochemical Signatures

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Pötter ◽  
Daniel Veres ◽  
Yunus Baykal ◽  
Janina J. Nett ◽  
Philipp Schulte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Danube Basin ◽  
Provenance Studies ◽  
Detrital Material ◽  
Eastern Carpathians ◽  
Reliable Knowledge ◽  
Geochemical Analyses

The source of aeolian sediments such as loess has been investigated since decades. Reliable knowledge on potential dust sources is crucial to understand past climatic and environmental conditions accompanying the dispersal of early modern humans (EMH) into Europe. Provenance studies are usually performed on small sample sets and most established methods are expensive and time-consuming. Here, we present the results of high-resolution geochemical analyses performed on five loess-palaeosol sequences from the Lower Danube Basin (LDB), a region, despite its importance as a trajectory for EMH, largely underrepresented in loess provenance studies. We compare our results with geochemical data of loess-palaeosol sequences from Austria, Hungary, Serbia, and Ukraine. Based on published literature, we thus evaluate five plausible sedimentary pathways for the LDB loess: 1) the Danube alluvium (DA) pathway, which constrains the transport and re-deposition of detrital material by the Danube and its tributaries; 2) the Carpathian Bending (CB) pathway, where sediment is mainly transported from the Cretaceous to Neogene flysch of the Eastern Carpathian Bending; 3) the Eastern Carpathian (EC) pathway, in which sediment is eroded from the flysch of the Outer Eastern Carpathians, transported by rivers, and deflated by northwesterly to westerly winds; 4) the glaciofluvial (GF) pathway, where dust is deflated from glacial outwash plains in nowadays Ukraine, and 5) the Black Sea (BS) pathway, where dust originates from the exposed shelf of the Black Sea. Based on geochemical data, we consider the DA pathway to be the major sediment trajectory for loess in the LDB. Especially the sequences located close to the Danube and the Dobrogea show similarities to sites in Central and Northeast Hungary as well as Northern Serbia. For the northeastern part of the LDB, we demonstrate that dust input is mainly sourced from primary material from the Eastern Carpathians. Mineralogical estimations and geochemical data render the CB pathway as an additional substantial source of detrital material for the loess of this area. We consider the influence of the GF pathway in the LDB as negligible, whereas some minor influences of the BS pathway cannot be ruled out based on geochemical data.

Nutrient fluxes from the Danube Basin to the Black Sea

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 9-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zessner ◽  
J. van Gils
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Danube Basin ◽  
Quantitative Synthesis ◽  
One Step ◽  
Measured Water ◽  
Model Approach

This paper deals with the state of the art of quantification of sources, pathways and sinks of nutrients in the Danube Basin and their transport from the catchment to the Black Sea. It shows main results of emission estimates to surface waters and the Danube Water Quality Model approach to link these emissions estimates to measured water monitoring data. The current paper provides a quantitative synthesis of available knowledge regarding the fate of nutrients in the Danube Basin. Even though many knowledge gaps existed, our understanding of the system has increased. As such, the paper provides a vehicle to carry the discussion one step beyond just complaining about how much we do not know yet.

Nutrient Balances for Danube Countries: A Strategic Analysis

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Somlyódy ◽  
P. H. Brunner ◽  
H. Kroiϐ
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Strategy Development ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Nutrient Balances ◽  
Danube Basin

Issues of nutrient management were studied in ten countries of the Danube Basin in the frame of the Danube Environment Programme. Comprehensive data collection covered socio-economic and natural factors influencing nutrient balances, water quality of the Danube and its tributaries, and major features of wastewater management for municipalities. The innovative methodology of materials accounting was applied to develop nutrient balances for the countries involved and the Danube Basin, and to get insight on causes, temporal changes of stocks and early recognition. The approach was cross-checked against loads estimated from ambient water quality observations. Main dilemmas of water quality management (local problems, and the regional eutrophication of the Danube Delta and the Black Sea) were identified and options of load reductions were evaluated. Agriculture pollution of mostly non-point source origin was found as the key of developing an integrated emission reduction policy for the Basin. Municipal wastewater management strategies were studied in detail. Recommendations were given on strategy development, monitoring, research and improved international cooperation in the Danube/Black Sea Basin.

Stratigraphy, geochemistry, and petrology of the Upper Cretaceous volcanic arc sequence north of Istanbul, Pontides, NW Turkey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cemre Ay ◽  
Gürsel Sunal ◽  
Aral I. Okay
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Upper Cretaceous ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
Primitive Mantle ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Calc Alkaline ◽  
High K ◽  
Nw Turkey ◽  
Pattern Display

<p>Upper Cretaceous arc-related volcanic and volcanoclastic units overlying the Paleozoic sedimentary rocks of the Istanbul Zone are a key unit related to the opening of the Black Sea as a back-arc basin. They formed as a result of north dipping subduction of the Neo-Tethys Ocean beneath Laurasia. We studied the Upper Cretaceous volcanic units north of Istanbul along several stratigraphic sections, and present new geochemical data from the volcanic rocks in order to understand Cretaceous geodynamic evolution of the İstanbul Zone.</p><p>The Upper Cretaceous  volcanic units north of Istanbul are divided into two formations. At the base there is a fore-arc turbidite succession,the İshaklı Formation, which is made up of volcaniclastic sandstone, shale, marl, tuff, debris flow horizons and epiclastic rocks of Turonian age. The İshaklı Formation is conformably overlain by the volcanoclastics,  tuffs, andesite and basalt lavas and agglomerates- the Riva Formation, which represents the arc/ intra-arc series.</p><p>Geochemically, basalts and basaltic andesites of the Riva Formation are low K calc-alkaline to medium-high K calc-alkaline and with magnesium numbers ranging from 32.6% to 51.5% Primitive mantle normalized spider diagram of trace elements show  enrichment in LILE elements (K, Rb, Sr, Cs, Ba, Th and U) and depletion in HFS elements ( Nb,Ta and Ti) . The high ratio of LILE/ HFS and negative Nb-Ta anomalies indicate that the volcanism evolved in subduction setting. Chondirite-normalized REE pattern display slight negative Eu anomalies and the La/Yb ratios of the samples range between 2,76 and 4,89. Our new geochemical, stratigraphical and the regional geological data suggest that north of Istanbul there was a transition from fore-arc deposition to arc volcanism during the Late Cretaceous opening of the Western Black Sea.  Considering the whole Pontide – Sredna-Gora Upper Cretaceous magmatic arc, it can be stated that calc-alkaline volcanism developed in relation to northward subduction of the Neo-Tethys oceanic lithosphere during the Turonian, and may have passed into high-K calc alkaline and shoshonitic magmatism as a result of the progressive extentional tectonism during the Campanian.</p>

scholarly journals Sedimentological-Geochemical Data Based Reconstruction of Climate Changes and Human Impacts from the Peat Sequence of Round Lake in the Western Foothill Area of the Eastern Carpathians, Romania

Quaternary ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Réka Orsolya Tapody ◽  
Pál Sümegi ◽  
Dávid Molnár ◽  
Máté Karlik ◽  
Tünde Törőcsik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Impacts ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Elemental Distribution ◽  
Multidisciplinary Study ◽  
Eastern Carpathians ◽  
Geochemical Analyses ◽  
Western Foothill

This paper presents the results of comparative sedimentological and geochemical analysis of the mire at Sânpaul, Round Lake (Kerek-tó). The palaeoecological site is situated in the western foothill area of the Eastern Carpathians in Romania. The primary objective of this study was to analyse the accumulation of major and trace elements in a 7500 year-long peat and lake deposition. The concentrations of 13 elements were determined by using handheld XRF. This paper presents the results of a multidisciplinary study, for which the principal aims were to examine the long-term relationship between land degradation in the Homoród Hills using various palaeoecological techniques, primarily comparative geochemical analyses. The PCA of elemental concentrations suggests that Round Lake is mainly controlled by the input of inorganic mineral matter and the LOI550 of peat. However, some elements are influenced by biological processes of vegetation and groundwater. Geohistorical studies compared with vegetation changes and elemental distribution helped the detection of erosion phases in the level of 12 prehistoric cultures.

scholarly journals Suitability of Wind Potential in Some Areas of Central Moldavian Plateau

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-266
Author(s):  
Apostol Liviu ◽  
Mihăiţă Tiron
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Eastern Carpathians ◽  
Wind Potential ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Favorable Conditions

Abstract In the contemporary period, the most important element in sustaining and developing the society, under all its aspects, is represented by energy. Due to the fact that in society consumption is increasing, the actual preoccupation is to reduce the energy consumption and also to find clean, alternative sources to produce energy. The theme of this article is directed towards the concepts of increased availability and energetic independency and concerns estimations over the wind potential in certain areas of Central Moldavian Plateau. For this purpose there were analyzed genetic factors of the wind in the analyzed area and those parameters of wind speed, useful to the justification of the wind potential study. The obtained results confirm the fact that in Central Moldavian Plateau, in many areas, especially those of high altitude, are favorable conditions to use wind energy. Along with the remoteness from the Eastern Carpathians and the proximity of the Black Sea, the conditions become more and more favorable. Unfortunately, the lack of meteorological stations on the top of hills (besides the Barnova station, situated in the woods). Increased wind speed in the meaning of what was stated, was approved only on high valleys and upper terraces in the main valleys, especially on the Prut.

scholarly journals Numerical studies on the dynamics of the Northwestern Black Sea shelf

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. KOURAFALOU ◽  
K. TSIARAS ◽  
J. STANEVA
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Topographic Effects ◽  
Danube Basin ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Shelf Dynamics

The Northwestern Black Sea shelf dynamics are studied with numerical simulations based on the Princeton Ocean Model. The study focus is on buoyancy and wind driven flows and on the transport and fate of low salinity waters that are introduced through riverine sources (the Danube, Dnestr and Dnepr Rivers), under the seasonal changes in atmospheric forcing. The study is part of the DANUBS project (NUtrient management in the DAnube basin and its impact on the Black Sea). The numerical simulations show that the coastal circulation is greatly influenced by river runoff and especially that of the Danube, which is dominant with monthly averaged values ranging from 5,000 m3 to 10,000 m3. The transport of low-salinity waters associated with the Danube runoff is greatly influenced by wind stress, topographic effects and basin-scale circulation patterns, such as changes in the position of the Rim Current.

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