scholarly journals Archaeological Investigation and Hazard Assessment Using Magnetic, Ground-Penetrating Radar, and GPS Tools at Dahshour Area, Giza, Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. El Emam ◽  
A. Lethy ◽  
Ali M. Radwan ◽  
A. Awad
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Nile Valley ◽  
Geophysical Investigation ◽  
Buried Structures ◽  
Archaeological Investigation ◽  
Structure Damage ◽  
Southern Side ◽  
Mud Bricks ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
The Military

An archeological study using magnetic and ground-penetrating radar methods has been performed at the Dahshour region (Giza, Egypt), where various covered structures have not been found because of the long coercion of the zone under the military specialists. Dahshour is the southern extension of the Saqqara and Giza Pyramids plateau, around 25 km south of Cairo. The area is known for its colored pyramids—the white, red, and black pyramids, and the famous Bent Pyramid. Four investigation sites were chosen around the Bent Pyramid complex. The geophysical investigation has revealed the presence of some buried structures made up of mud bricks such as tombs, mud-brick walls, causeway, and remains of an ancient temple. Numerous limestone blocks were also detected. The study indicates the possible existence of an older valley temple made up of mud bricks and confirms the existence of another causeway that led to the Nile Valley. To protect the Egyptian heritage around this vital area, a detailed computation of the current crustal stress/strain state has been performed by taking into account all the available GPS observations. Achieved results indicated that the southern and the southeastern sectors of the investigated area are currently accumulating strain, and this means that there is a possibility for future earthquakes to occur around this vital archaeological area. Buried structures are preserved by confinement in the burial materials like a large mold. However, external load or stress can still cause damage. Therefore, during excavation, the stress should be reduced to avoid wall collapsing and structure damage. Therefore, it is recommended to start excavation from the stress direction from the southern side.

Monte Albán's Hidden Past: Buried Buildings and Sociopolitical Transformation

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Marc N. Levine ◽  
Scott W. Hammerstedt ◽  
Amanda Regnier ◽  
Alex E. Badillo
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Early History ◽  
Buried Structures ◽  
Systematic Survey ◽  
Monte Alban ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Shed Light

In this article, we present the most significant results of the Monte Albán Geophysical Archaeology Project. Using ground-penetrating radar, gradiometry, and electrical resistance, we carried out a systematic survey of the site's Main Plaza to identify buried prehispanic features that might shed light on Monte Albán's early history. The most important discoveries include three buried structures dating between the Danibaan (500–300 BC) and Nisa phases (100 BC–AD 100). We argue that the largest structure, measuring 18 × 18 m, was probably a temple platform and that all three of the structures were razed and buried by the end of the Nisa phase at the latest. Furthermore, we contend that these events were part of a major renovation and expansion of the site's Main Plaza that occurred during a pivotal period of dramatic sociopolitical transformation in the Zapotec capital.

scholarly journals Integrating Geophysical and Photographic Data to Visualize the Quarried Structures of the Roman Town of Bassianae

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2384
Author(s):  
Roland Filzwieser ◽  
Vujadin Ivanišević ◽  
Geert J. Verhoeven ◽  
Christian Gugl ◽  
Klaus Löcker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Buried Structures ◽  
Archaeological Prospection ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Geophysical Prospection ◽  
Strong Agreement

Large parts of the urban layout of the abandoned Roman town of Bassianae (in present-day Serbia) are still discernible on the surface today due to the deliberate and targeted quarrying of the Roman foundations. In 2014, all of the town's intramural (and some extramural) areas were surveyed using aerial photography, ground-penetrating radar, and magnetometry to analyze the site's topography and to map remaining buried structures. The surveys showed a strong agreement between the digital surface model derived from the aerial photographs and the geophysical prospection data. However, many structures could only be detected by one method, underlining the benefits of a complementary archaeological prospection approach using multiple methods. This article presents the results of the extensive surveys and their comprehensive integrative interpretation, discussing Bassianae's ground plan and urban infrastructure. Starting with an overview of this Roman town's research history, we present the details of the triple prospection approach, followed by the processing, integrative analysis, and interpretation of the acquired data sets. Finally, this newly gained information is contrasted with a plan of Roman Bassianae compiled in 1935.

scholarly journals GPR APPLIED TO RIGID PAVEMENT FROM SANTOS DUMONT AIRPORT, RJ

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 225
Author(s):  
Welitom Rodrigues Borges ◽  
Luís Anselmo Da Silva ◽  
Luciano Soares Da Cunha ◽  
Raimundo Mariano Gomes Castelo Branco ◽  
Márcio Muniz de Farias
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Wave ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Geophysical Investigation ◽  
Rigid Pavement ◽  
Ground Penetration Radar ◽  
Speed Of Propagation ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Pavement Thickness

ABSTRACT. This paper presents the results of a research performed by using Ground Penetration Radar (GPR) to evaluate the structure of the rigid pavement ofSantos Dumont Airport in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The GPR data profiles were acquired with 250 and 700 MHz shielded antennas. The geophysical investigation wasperformed along of 6 profiles, totaling 1432 meters of GPR sections. For calibration of the speed of propagation of electromagnetic wave were drilled three boreholesuntil the depth of 1.8 m. The results of GPR allowed the precise delineation of reflectors related to geotechnical interfaces (pavement thickness – concrete slab andmacadam) and geological (sand/embankment soil), showing the efficiency of this method in this case study.Keywords: GPR, concrete, rigid pavement, Santos Dumont Airport. RESUMO. Este trabalho apresenta o resultado de uma pesquisa desenvolvida usando Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) para avaliar a estrutura do pavimento rígido do pátio de manobras de aeronaves do Aeroporto Santos Dumont, no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Para isso foram usadas antenas blindadas com frequências de250MHz e de 700 MHz. Os dados de GPR foram adquiridos no modo common offset , ao longo de 6 perfis que totalizam 1432 metros de investigação. Para a calibração da velocidade de propagação da onda eletromagnética foram executados três furos de sondagem até a profundidade de 1,8 m. Os resultados de GPR possibilitaram odelineamento preciso de refletores relacionados a interfaces geotécnicas (espessura do pavimento – revestimento de concreto e do macadame) e geológicas (areia/aterrocom entulho), mostrando a eficiência da aplicação deste método neste estudo de caso.Palavras-chave: GPR, concreto, pavimento rígido, Aeroporto Santos Dumont.

scholarly journals Magnetic and ground penetrating radar for the research of Medieval buried structures in Marche Region

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
M. Bavusi ◽  
A. Loperte ◽  
V. Lapenna ◽  
U. Moscatelli ◽  
S. Minguzzi
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Magnetic Anomalies ◽  
Magnetic Method ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Buried Structures ◽  
Marche Region ◽  
Joint Interpretation ◽  
Late Roman Period ◽  
Ground Penetrating

Abstract. A magnetic and Ground Penetrating Radar joint survey was carried out in the framework of the R.I.M.E.M. project that has the aim of supporting the archaeological prospections and drive the selection of the excavation areas related to the Late Roman Period and Early Middle Ages in the Central and Southern Italy. In particular, this papers deals with the magnetic surveys acquired near "Madonna della Valle" and GPR and magnetic joint surveys carried out in "Monastero"site. Most of magnetic maps carried out in "Madonna della Valle" site shown the absence of structured magnetic anomalies, despite of the presence of archaeological signs. Several hypothesis were given to explain this evidence. Joint interpretation performed in "Monastero" site shown more intense magnetic anomalies related with shallower reflections due to probably to buried pipes. Other reflections are related with magnetic anomalies compatible with archaeological targets, but some significant reflections do not correspond to any magnetic anomaly, indicating magnetic method could be "blind" respect the archaeological target. New field surveys including the electrical resistivity tomography could be carried out in order to overcome these acquisition and interpretation difficulties.

scholarly journals Concrete Slabs’ Initial Cracks Assessment using Ground Penetrating Radar

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Razzak T. Ziboon ◽  
Nisreen S. Mohammed ◽  
Nisreen S. Mohammed ◽  
Anaam G. Hamad
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Fatigue Cracking ◽  
Concrete Slabs ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Buried Structures ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Multiple Group ◽  
Failure Loads ◽  
Ground Penetrating

Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) is extensively used by a multiple group of service providers that incorporate agronomist, archaeologists, criminologists, engineers, environmental specialists, foresters, geologists, geophysicists, hydrologists, land use managers, and soil scientists. In engineering applications include Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) of structures and pavements and locating buried structures etc. GPR is a relatively new geophysical tool that has become increasingly popular due to its high resolution and the need to better understand near-surface conditions. In this paper GPR is applied to six concrete slabs. Radar measurements were performed using a 1000 MHz RAMAC GPR CU-II. Two concrete slabs weren’t reinforced, two have simple reinforcement, and the last two have artificial gaps in their reinforcement. Tests were taken after applying 40% of the slabs’ failure loads. Experiments resulted that the extent and severity of the fatigue cracking was possible to be monitored. In addition, the technique was assistive in determining the failure caused by loading reflected by radargrams.

scholarly journals Groundwater Quality Assessment of Abandoned Dumpsite in Osogbo Suburb, Nigeria: Hydrogeological and Geophysical Condition Six Years after Initial Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1213-1219
Author(s):  
A.O. Ojo ◽  
A.C. Oyelami ◽  
E.M. Babafemi
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Unconfined Aquifer ◽  
World Health ◽  
Geophysical Investigation ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Ground Penetrating

In this paper, we describe the result of a recent hydrogeological and geophysical investigation carried out within and around Aduramigba - Onibu-Eja Estate dumpsite with the aim of detecting evidence of contamination as well as depths to contamination of the groundwater after a previous study six years ago. Twenty water samples from shallow water wells and boreholes were analyzed for their physico-chemical constituents while five vertical electrical soundings and five electromagnetic ground penetrating radar surveys were conducted. The result shows high concentrations of anions of nitrates (NO3-), bicarbonates (HCO3-), chloride (Cl-) and sulphate (SO42-) with values of 73.97 mg/l, 91.5 mg/l, 331.2 mg/l, 222.4 mg/l respectively, cations values of Mg2+, Fe2+, Na+, and K+ having value of 25.44 mg/l, 6.23 mg/l, 37.31 mg/l and 35.41 mg/l, respectively, which were far above the World Health Organization (WHO) and Nigeria Drinking Water Quality Standard (NDWS). Heavy metal components such as Lead, Zinc, Copper and Nickel were also observed to be on the high side, having been contributed from effluents from rust metallic materials cum chemicals dumped within the dumpsite. Detailed geophysical study reveal the depth to contamination at between 4.1 meters in VES 3 to 5.9 meters in VES 2 with resistivity as low as 5.12 Ωm in VES 2 to 7.12 Ωm in VES 3 while ground penetrating radar (GPR) revealed that the leachate has permeated to a depth of 3.5 – 5.25 meters in traverse 4 and 4.0 – 6.0 meters in traverse 3 which correspond to the depth to unconfined aquifer within the dumpsite. The study conclude that this would pose a greater threat to residents living in this vicinity and as such, this might have contributed to the closure of the dumpsite.

A geophysical investigation of the active Hockley Fault System near Houston, Texas

Geophysics ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. B177-B185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuhab D. Khan ◽  
Robert R. Stewart ◽  
Maisam Otoum ◽  
Li Chang
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Fault Location ◽  
Gravity Data ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Radar Data ◽  
Airborne Lidar ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Geophysical Investigation ◽  
Geophysical Surveys ◽  
Ground Penetrating

Sedimentation and deformation toward the Gulf of Mexico Basin cause faulting in the coastal regions. In particular, many active (but non-seismic) faults underlie the Houston metropolitan area. Using geophysical data, we have examined the Hockley Fault System in northwest Harris County. Airborne LiDAR is an effective tool to identify fault scarps and we have used it to identify several new faults and assemble an updated map for the faults in Houston and surrounding areas. Two different LiDAR data sets (from 2001 to 2008) provide time-lapse images and suggest elevation changes across the Hockley Fault System at the rate of 10.9 mm/yr. This rate is further supported by GPS data from a station located on the downthrown side of the Hockley Fault System indicating movement at 13.8 mm/yr. To help illuminate the subsurface character of the faults, we undertook geophysical surveys (ground-penetrating radar, seismic reflection, and gravity) across two strands of the Hockley Fault System. Ground-penetrating radar data show discontinuous events to a depth of 10 m at the main fault location. Seismic data, from a vibroseis survey along a 1-km line perpendicular to the fault strike, indicate faulting to at least 300-m depth. The faults have a dip of about 70°. Gravity data show distinct changes across the fault. However, there are two contrasting Bouguer anomalies depending on the location of the transects and their underlying geology. Our geophysical surveys were challenged by urban features (especially traffic and access). However, the survey results consistently locate the fault and hold significant potential to understand its deformational features as well as assist in associated building zoning.

scholarly journals GPR and IRT tests in two historical buildings in Gravina in Puglia

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 541-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loredana Matera ◽  
Raffaele Persico ◽  
Edoardo Geraldi ◽  
Maria Sileo ◽  
Salvatore Piro
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Geophysical Investigation ◽  
Santa Croce ◽  
Stepped Frequency ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Santa Maria ◽  
The Church

Abstract. This paper describes a geophysical investigation conducted into two important churches, namely the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta and the Church of Santa Croce, both in Gravina in Puglia (close to Bari, southern Italy). The Church of Santa Croce, now deconsecrated, lies below the cathedral. Therefore, the two churches constitute a unique building body. Moreover, below the Church of Santa Croce there are several crypts, which are only partially known. The prospecting was performed both with a pulsed commercial ground penetrating radar (GPR) system and with a prototypal reconfigurable stepped frequency system. The aim was twofold, namely to gather information about the monument and to test the prototypal system. The GPR measurements have also been integrated with an infrared thermography (IRT) investigation performed on part of the vaulted ceiling in the Church of Santa Croce, in order to confirm or deny a possible interpretation of certain GPR results.

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