scholarly journals Estrogen Receptors Promote Migration, Invasion and Colony Formation of the Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer Cells PC-3 Through β-Catenin Pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paola G. Lombardi ◽  
Carolina M. Vicente ◽  
Catarina S. Porto
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Estrogen Receptors ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Colony Formation ◽  
Prostate Cancer Cells ◽  
Androgen Independent

scholarly journals Estrogen Receptor Signaling Pathways Involved in Invasion and Colony Formation of Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer Cells PC-3

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1153
Author(s):  
Ana Paola G. Lombardi ◽  
Renan P. Cavalheiro ◽  
Catarina S. Porto ◽  
Carolina M. Vicente
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Colony Formation ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Prostate Cancer Cells ◽  
Selective Agonist ◽  
Androgen Independent

Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is an advanced and androgen-independent form of prostate cancer. Recent studies of rapid actions mediated by estrogen in the prostate and its relationship with CRPC are emerging. We have previously shown that estrogen receptor (ER) promotes migration and invasion of the androgen-independent prostate cancer cells PC-3, but the signaling pathways involved in these events remain to be elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the role of ERα and ERβ in the activation of SRC, and the involvement of SRC and PI3K/AKT on invasion and colony formation of the PC-3 cells. Our results showed that the activation of ERα (using ERα-selective agonist PPT) and ERβ (using ERβ-selective agonist DPN) increased phosphorylation of SRC in PC-3 cells. In the presence of the selective inhibitor for SRC-family kinases PP2, the effects of DPN and PPT on transmigration and soft agar colony formation assays were decreased. Furthermore, SRC is involved in the expression of the non-phosphorylated β-catenin. Finally, using PI3K specific inhibitor Wortmannin and AKT inhibitor MK2206, we showed that PI3K/AKT are also required for invasion and colony formation of PC-3 cells simulated by ER. This study provides novel insights into molecular mechanisms of ER in PC-3 cells by demonstrating that ER, located outside the cell nucleus, activates rapid responses molecules, including SRC and PI3K/AKT, which enhance the tumorigenic potential of prostate cancer cells, increasing cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumor formation.

scholarly journals SHH-N non-canonically sustains androgen receptor activity in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Trnski ◽  
Maja Sabol ◽  
Sanja Tomić ◽  
Ivan Štefanac ◽  
Milanka Mrčela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Therapy Resistance ◽  
Androgen Deprivation ◽  
Prostate Cancer Cells ◽  
Androgen Independence ◽  
Androgen Receptor Activity ◽  
Signaling Activation ◽  
Androgen Independent

AbstractProstate cancer is the second most frequent cancer diagnosed in men worldwide. Localized disease can be successfully treated, but advanced cases are more problematic. After initial effectiveness of androgen deprivation therapy, resistance quickly occurs. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the role of Hedgehog-GLI (HH-GLI) signaling in sustaining androgen-independent growth of prostate cancer cells. We found various modes of HH-GLI signaling activation in prostate cancer cells depending on androgen availability. When androgen was not deprived, we found evidence of non-canonical SMO signaling through the SRC kinase. After short-term androgen deprivation canonical HH-GLI signaling was activated, but we found little evidence of canonical HH-GLI signaling activity in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells. We show that in androgen-independent cells the pathway ligand, SHH-N, non-canonically binds to the androgen receptor through its cholesterol modification. Inhibition of this interaction leads to androgen receptor signaling downregulation. This implies that SHH-N activates the androgen receptor and sustains androgen-independence. Targeting this interaction might prove to be a valuable strategy for advanced prostate cancer treatment. Also, other non-canonical aspects of this signaling pathway should be investigated in more detail and considered when developing potential therapies.

scholarly journals Caveolae Contribute to the Apoptosis Resistance Induced by the α1A-Adrenoceptor in Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer Cells

PLoS ONE ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. e7068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Katsogiannou ◽  
Charbel El Boustany ◽  
Florian Gackiere ◽  
Philippe Delcourt ◽  
Anne Athias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Prostate Cancer Cells ◽  
Apoptosis Resistance ◽  
Androgen Independent

scholarly journals High expression of TROP2 characterizes different cell subpopulations in androgen-sensitive and androgen-independent prostate cancer cells

Oncotarget ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (28) ◽  
pp. 44492-44504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinhan Xie ◽  
Christina Mølck ◽  
Sophie Paquet-Fifield ◽  
Lisa Butler ◽  
Erica Sloan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
High Expression ◽  
Prostate Cancer Cells ◽  
Cell Subpopulations ◽  
Androgen Independent

scholarly journals Combined Anti-Cancer Effects of Platycodin D and Sorafenib on Androgen-Independent and PTEN-Deficient Prostate Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zongliang Lu ◽  
Wei Song ◽  
Yaowen Zhang ◽  
Changpeng Wu ◽  
Mingxing Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Castration Resistance ◽  
Prostate Cancer Cells ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Platycodin D ◽  
Downstream Target ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Pc3 Cells ◽  
Androgen Independent

Castration-resistant (androgen-independent) and PTEN-deficient prostate cancer is a challenge in clinical practice. Sorafenib has been recommended for the treatment of this type of cancer, but is associated with several adverse effects. Platycodin D (PD) is a triterpene saponin with demonstrated anti-cancer effects and a good safety profile. Previous studies have indicated that PC3 cells (PTEN -/-, AR -/-) are sensitive to PD, suggesting that it may also be a useful treatment for castration-resistance prostate cancer. We herein investigated the effects of combining PD with sorafenib to treat PTEN-deficient prostate cancer cells. Our data show that PD promotes sorafenib-induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in PC3 cells. Of interest, PD only promoted the anti-cancer effects of sorafenib in Akt-positive and PTEN-negative prostate cancer cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that PD promoted p-Akt ubiquitination by increasing the p-Akt level. PD also increased the protein and mRNA expression of FOXO3a, the downstream target of Akt. Meanwhile, PD promoted the activity of FOXO3a and increased the protein expression of Fasl, Bim and TRAIL. Interestingly, when FOXO3a expression was inhibited, the antitumor effects of both PD and sorafenib were individually inhibited, and the more potent effects of the combination treatment were inhibited. Thus, the combination of PD and sorafenib may exert potent anti-cancer effects specifically via FOXO3a. The use of Akt inhibitors or FOXO3a agonists, such as PD, may represent a promising approach for the treatment of androgen-independent and PTEN-deficient prostate cancer.

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