Impact of Sintered Temperature on the Heat and Cation Transport in NaK-BASE Tube

Alkali metal thermoelectric converter (AMTEC) is a clean energy converter that can be coupled with biomass for power generation. In present research, the transport of heat and cation was investigated in NaK-BASE tubes prepared at different sintered temperatures. The heat conduction and the fractal model were employed to investigate the temperature distributions based on the microstructures of the NaK-BASE tubes sintered at different temperatures, and the transport of Na+ and K+ in NaK-BASE tube was simulated by Poisson-Nernst-Planck multi-ions transport model, and the cation concentrations and surface charge densities were obtained in the NaK-BASE tubes with different temperatures. The results showed that microstructure of the NaK-BASE was related to the sintered temperature, and the microstructure of the NaK-BASE impacted the temperature distribution, the cation concentration and the surface charge density of Na+ and K+ in the NaK-BASE tubes. At the same heat source temperature, the average temperature in the NaK-BASE prepared at high sintered temperature was higher than that prepared at low sintered temperature. In addition, the increase of the average temperature resulted in the increase of the cation concentration and the surface charge density of Na+ and K+ in the NaK-BASE, therefore, the performance of the NaK-AMTEC could be enhanced by increasing the sintered temperature and the average temperature of the NaK-BASE.

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Electrokinetic Energy Conversion in Conical Nanochannels: Regulation Effect due to Conicity

ASME 2019 6th International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer ◽

10.1115/mnhmt2019-4132 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Fang Qian ◽

Deng Huang ◽

Wenyao Zhang ◽

Wenbo Li ◽

Qiuwang Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Charge Density ◽

Energy Conversion ◽

Surface Charge ◽

Pressure Difference ◽

Surface Charge Density ◽

Electrical Power ◽

Applied Pressure ◽

Streaming Potential ◽

Clean Energy ◽

Navier Stokes Equation

Abstract Electrokinetic energy conversion being a promising clean energy production technology utilizes the electric double layer (EDL) in a nanochannel to convert hydrodynamic energy to electrical power. The previous research mainly focuses on the electrokinetic energy conversion in straight nanochannels. In this work, we perform a systematic investigation of electrokinetic energy conversion in a conical nanochannel. For this purpose, a multiphysical model consisting of the Planck-Nernst-Poisson equation and Navier-Stokes equation was formulated and solved numerically. Particularly, we discover various regulation effects in the electrokinetic energy conversion in conical nanochannels that the energy conversion characteristics (streaming potential, streaming current and I-V characteristics) are different for a forward pressure difference and a backward pressure difference of the same magnitude. These regulation effects are found to be caused by the conicity of channel. Then the effects of the channel conicity, applied pressure difference and the surface charge density on the performance of electrokinetic energy conversion are discussed in details. It is generally shown that the regulation effects are enhanced by increasing the conicity, pressure difference and surface charge density. The conclusions from this work can serve as important reference and guidelines for the design and operation of electrokinetic energy conversion devices.

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INFLUENCE OF SURFACE PRETREATMENT ON THE SURFACE CHARGE DENSITY AT THE INTERFACE BETWEEN MCT MBE AND AL3 ALD

Автометрия ◽

10.15372/aut20200506 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Charge Density ◽

Surface Charge ◽

Surface Charge Density ◽

Surface Pretreatment

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Mapping Surface Charge Distribution of Single-Cell via Charged Nanoparticle

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells10061519 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 1519

Author(s):

Leixin Ouyang ◽

Rubia Shaik ◽

Ruiting Xu ◽

Ge Zhang ◽

Jiang Zhe

Keyword(s):

Cell Surface ◽

Charge Density ◽

Surface Charge ◽

Charge Distribution ◽

Surface Charge Density ◽

Single Cells ◽

Fluorescent Light ◽

Fluorescent Nanoparticles ◽

Cell Surface Charge ◽

Surface Charge Distribution

Many bio-functions of cells can be regulated by their surface charge characteristics. Mapping surface charge density in a single cell’s surface is vital to advance the understanding of cell behaviors. This article demonstrates a method of cell surface charge mapping via electrostatic cell–nanoparticle (NP) interactions. Fluorescent nanoparticles (NPs) were used as the marker to investigate single cells’ surface charge distribution. The nanoparticles with opposite charges were electrostatically bonded to the cell surface; a stack of fluorescence distribution on a cell’s surface at a series of vertical distances was imaged and analyzed. By establishing a relationship between fluorescent light intensity and number of nanoparticles, cells’ surface charge distribution was quantified from the fluorescence distribution. Two types of cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and HeLa cells, were tested. From the measured surface charge density of a group of single cells, the average zeta potentials of the two types of cells were obtained, which are in good agreement with the standard electrophoretic light scattering measurement. This method can be used for rapid surface charge mapping of single particles or cells, and can advance cell-surface-charge characterization applications in many biomedical fields.

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Triboelectrification of nanocomposites using identical polymer matrixes with different concentrations of nanoparticle fillers

Journal of Materials Chemistry A ◽

10.1039/d0ta12441a ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Linards Lapčinskis ◽

Artis Linarts ◽

Kaspars Mālnieks ◽

Hyunseung Kim ◽

Kristaps Rubenis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Charge Density ◽

Surface Charge ◽

Surface Charge Density ◽

Polymer Layers

In this study, we investigate triboelectrification in polymer-based nanocomposites using identical polymer matrixes containing different concentrations of nanoparticles (NPs). The triboelectric surface charge density on polymer layers increased as the...

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Effect of Selected Anionic and Cationic Drugs Affecting the Central Nervous System on Electrical Properties of Phosphatidylcholine Liposomes: Experiment and Theory

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22052270 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (5) ◽

pp. 2270

Author(s):

Joanna Kotyńska ◽

Monika Naumowicz

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Charge Density ◽

Surface Charge ◽

Surface Charge Density ◽

Barbituric Acid ◽

Membrane Surface ◽

Adsorption Equilibria ◽

Two Component ◽

The Central Nervous System

Interactions between phospholipid membranes and selected drugs affecting the central nervous system (CNS) were investigated. Small, unilamellar liposomes were used as biomimetic cell membrane models. Microelectrophoretic experiments on two-component liposomes were performed using the electrophoretic light scattering technique (ELS). The effect of both positively (perphenazine, PF) and negatively (barbituric acid, BA) charged drugs on zwitterionic L-α-phosphatidylcholine (PC) membranes were analyzed. Experimental membrane surface charge density (d) data were determined as a function of pH. Quantitative descriptions of the adsorption equilibria formed due to the binding of solution ions to analyzed two-component membranes are presented. Binding constants of the solution ions with perphenazine and barbituric acid-modified membranes were determined. The results of our research show that both charged drugs change surface charge density values of phosphatidylcholine membranes. It can be concluded that perphenazine and barbituric acid are located near the membrane surface, interacting electrostatically with phosphatidylcholine polar heads.

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Surface charging parameters of charged particles in symmetrical electrolyte solutions

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics ◽

10.1039/d0cp02725a ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (35) ◽

pp. 20123-20142

Author(s):

Hadi Saboorian-Jooybari ◽

Zhangxin Chen

Keyword(s):

Charge Density ◽

Surface Charge ◽

Electrolyte Solution ◽

Surface Charge Density ◽

Potential Surface ◽

Research Work ◽

Charged Particles ◽

Electrolyte Solutions ◽

Surface Charging ◽

Curvature Dependence

This research work is directed at development of accurate physics-based formulas for quantification of curvature-dependence of surface potential, surface charge density, and total surface charge for cylindrical and spherical charged particles immersed in a symmetrical electrolyte solution.

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A multi-dielectric-layered triboelectric nanogenerator as energized by corona discharge

Nanoscale ◽

10.1039/c7nr02249b ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (27) ◽

pp. 9668-9675 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Jia Jia Shao ◽

Wei Tang ◽

Tao Jiang ◽

Xiang Yu Chen ◽

Liang Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Charge Density ◽

Surface Charge ◽

Corona Discharge ◽

Surface Charge Density ◽

High Surface ◽

Cycling Stability ◽

Triboelectric Nanogenerator ◽

Excellent Cycling Stability ◽

Vertical Contact ◽

High Surface Charge Density

A multi-dielectric-layered vertical contact-separation mode TENG through a corona discharge approach results in outstanding output performances, i.e., a high surface charge density of 283 μC m−2 and excellent cycling stability (92.6% retention after 200 000 cycles).

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