scholarly journals Durable Biopolymer Films From Lignin-Carbohydrate Complex Derived From a Pulp Mill Side Stream

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brita Asikanius ◽  
Anna-Stiina Jääskeläinen ◽  
Hanna Koivula ◽  
Petri Oinonen ◽  
Monika Österberg
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Hydroxyethyl Cellulose ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Fractionation Process ◽  
Breaking Strain ◽  
Side Stream ◽  
Biomass Fractionation

Valorization of side streams offers novel types of raw materials to complement or replace synthetic and food-based alternatives in materials science, increasing profitability and decreasing the environmental impacts of biorefineries. Lignocellulose biomass contains lignin and carbohydrates that are covalently linked into lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCCs). In biomass fractionation processes, these complexes are conventionally considered as waste, which hinders the biomass fractionation process, and they may solubilize into aqueous effluents. This study presents how LCCs, derived from pulp mill effluent, can be turned into valuable biopolymers for industrial polymer film applications. Free-standing composite films containing hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) and LCCs with varying molar mass, charge density and lignin/hemicellulose ratio were prepared to study the effect of LCC amount on mechanical properties and oxygen permeability. Increasing the LCC content increased the yield point and Young’s modulus of the films. Breaking strain measurements revealed a non-linear correlation with the LCC concentration for the samples with higher lignin than hemicellulose content. The addition of LCC enhanced oxygen barrier properties of HEC films significantly even at high relative humidity. The present research demonstrates how a currently underutilized fraction of the biorefinery side stream has the potential to be valorized as a biopolymer in industrial applications, for example as a barrier film for paper and board packaging.

scholarly journals Mechanically Robust Flexible Multilayer Aramid Nanofibers and MXene Film for High-Performance Electromagnetic Interference Shielding and Thermal Insulation

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3041
Author(s):  
Jun Zhou ◽  
Junsheng Yu ◽  
Dongyu Bai ◽  
Huili Liu ◽  
Lu Li
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Film ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Multilayer Structure ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Shielding Effectiveness ◽  
Breaking Strain ◽  
Practical Applications

In order to overcome the various defects caused by the limitations of solid metal as a shielding material, the development of electromagnetic shielding materials with flexibility and excellent mechanical properties is of great significance for the next generation of intelligent electronic devices. Here, the aramid nanofiber/Ti3C2Tx MXene (ANF/MXene) composite films with multilayer structure were successfully prepared through a simple alternate vacuum-assisted filtration (AVAF) process. With the intervention of the ANF layer, the multilayer-structure film exhibits excellent mechanical properties. The ANF2/MXene1 composite film exhibits a tensile strength of 177.7 MPa and a breaking strain of 12.6%. In addition, the ANF5/MXene4 composite film with a thickness of only 30 μm exhibits an electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding efficiency of 37.5 dB and a high EMI-specific shielding effectiveness value accounting for thickness (SSE/t) of 4718 dB·cm2 g−1. Moreover, the composite film was excellent in heat-insulation performance and in avoiding light-to-heat conversion. No burning sensation was produced on the surface of the film with a thickness of only 100 μm at a high temperature of 130 °C. Furthermore, the surface of the film was only mild when touched under simulated sunlight. Therefore, our multilayer-structure film has potential significance in practical applications such as next-generation smart electronic equipment, communications, and military applications.

Deposition of TiN, TiC, and DLC Coatings by PACVD

2018 ◽  
pp. 381-402
Author(s):  
Mahboobeh Azadi
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Hard Coatings ◽  
Diamond Like Carbon ◽  
Functional Coatings ◽  
Dlc Coatings ◽  
Medical Instruments ◽  
Source Of Information

In this chapter, the author studied about titanium nitride (TiN), titanium carbide (TiC), diamond like carbon (DLC) single and multilayer coatings that utilize in harsh environments. These hard coatings were usually produced by the plasma assisted chemical vapor deposition (PACVD) method as a modern technique. PACVD is used to deposit thin coatings for different usages such as computer disc drives, automobile and aerospace parts, surgical/medical instruments and the food industry. The author tried to delineate the state of the performance of different coating systems and layer characteristics that suitable either for laboratory -scales or industrial applications. Mechanical features of these coatings contain the hardness, the toughness, the wear resistance and structural properties that were perused. Consequently, this chapter offers a source of information for those who want to familiarize with the knowledge in the area of materials science of functional coatings that was produced by new plasma-based technologies.

Research progress in materials-oriented chemical engineering in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 917-927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Jiang ◽  
Yongsheng Han ◽  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
Jiexin Wang ◽  
Yiqun Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Material Research ◽  
Engineering Science ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Engineering Development ◽  
Recent Advances

Abstract Materials-oriented chemical engineering involves the intersection of materials science and chemical engineering. Development of materials-oriented chemical engineering not only contributes to material research and industrialization techniques but also opens new avenues for chemical engineering science. This review details the major achievements of materials-oriented chemical engineering fields in China, including preparation strategies for advanced materials based on the principles of chemical engineering as well as innovative separation and reaction techniques determined by new materials. Representative industrial applications are also illustrated, highlighting recent advances in the field of materials-oriented chemical engineering technologies. In addition, we also look at the ongoing trends in materials-oriented chemical engineering in China.

Properties of Composite Films of Hydroxyethyl Cellulose and Hydroxypropyl Cellulose with Poly-N-methyl-N-vinylacetamide

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 788-795
Author(s):  
A. M. Bochek ◽  
I. L. Shevchuk ◽  
I. I. Gavrilova ◽  
M. F. Lebedeva ◽  
V. K. Lavrent’ev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Films ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Cellulose ◽  
Hydroxyethyl Cellulose

scholarly journals Design of a combined ionosolv-organosolv biomass fractionation process for biofuel production and high value-added lignin valorisation

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 5161-5178
Author(s):  
Meng Chen ◽  
Francisco Malaret ◽  
Anton E. J. Firth ◽  
Pedro Verdía ◽  
Aida R. Abouelela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Protic Ionic Liquids ◽  
Fractionation Process ◽  
Biomass Fractionation

IonoSolv pretreatment using protic ionic liquids has shown impressive biomass fractionation performance and ionic liquid recyclability.

scholarly journals Effect of Cellulose Nanofibrils and TEMPO-mediated Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibrils on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Poly(vinylidene fluoride)/Cellulose Nanofibril Composites

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eftihia Barnes ◽  
Jennifer A. Jefcoat ◽  
Erik M. Alberts ◽  
Mason A. McKechnie ◽  
Hannah R. Peel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibrils ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Composite Surface ◽  
Poly Vinylidene Fluoride

Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) are high aspect ratio, natural nanomaterials with high mechanical strength-to-weight ratio and promising reinforcing dopants in polymer nanocomposites. In this study, we used CNFs and oxidized CNFs (TOCNFs), prepared by a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation process, as reinforcing agents in poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF). Using high-shear mixing and doctor blade casting, we prepared free-standing composite films loaded with up to 5 wt % cellulose nanofibrils. For our processing conditions, all CNF/PVDF and TOCNF/PVDF films remain in the same crystalline phase as neat PVDF. In the as-prepared composites, the addition of CNFs on average increases crystallinity, whereas TOCNFs reduces it. Further, addition of CNFs and TOCNFs influences properties such as surface wettability, as well as thermal and mechanical behaviors of the composites. When compared to neat PVDF, the thermal stability of the composites is reduced. With regards to bulk mechanical properties, addition of CNFs or TOCNFs, generally reduces the tensile properties of the composites. However, a small increase (~18%) in the tensile modulus was observed for the 1 wt % TOCNF/PVDF composite. Surface mechanical properties, obtained from nanoindentation, show that the composites have enhanced performance. For the 5 wt % CNF/PVDF composite, the reduced modulus and hardness increased by ~52% and ~22%, whereas for the 3 wt % TOCNF/PVDF sample, the increase was ~23% and ~25% respectively.

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