scholarly journals Current Progress of Jatropha Curcas Commoditisation as Biodiesel Feedstock: A Comprehensive Review

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. I. Riayatsyah ◽  
A. H. Sebayang ◽  
A. S. Silitonga ◽  
Y. Padli ◽  
I. M. R. Fattah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Tropical Plant ◽  
Biodiesel Feedstock ◽  
Performance And Emissions

This article looks at the national and global actors, social networks, and narratives that have influenced Jatropha’s worldwide acceptability as a biofuel crop. Jatropha Curcas is a genus of around 175 succulent shrubs and trees in the Euphorbiaceae family (some of which are deciduous, such as Jatropha Curcas L.). It’s a drought-tolerant perennial that thrives in poor or marginal soil and produces a large amount of oil per hectare. It is easy to grow, has a fast growth rate, and can generate seeds for up to 50 years. Jatropha Curcas has been developed as a unique and promising tropical plant for augmenting renewable energy sources due to its various benefits. It is deserving of being recognised as the only competitor in terms of concrete and intangible environmental advantages. Jatropha Curcas is a low-cost biodiesel feedstock with good fuel properties and more oil than other species. It is a non-edible oilseed feedstock. Thus it will have no impact on food prices or the food vs fuel debate. Jatropha Curcas emits fewer pollutants than diesel and may be used in diesel engines with equivalent performance. Jatropha Curcas also makes a substantial contribution to the betterment of rural life. The plant may also provide up to 40% oil yield per seed based on weight. This study looks at the features characteristics of Jatropha Curcas as biodiesel feedstock and performance, and emissions of internal combustion engine that operates on this biodiesel fuel.

scholarly journals Performance and Emissions Analysis of 4-Stroke Biodiesel Engine at Different Injection Pressure

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VI) ◽  
pp. 2361-2372
Author(s):  
Pal Vishal H.
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Fuel Injection Pressure ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Alternative fuels for diesel engines have become increasingly important due to several socioeconomic aspects, imminent depletion of fossil fuel and growing environmental concerns. Global warming concerns due to the production of greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as carbon dioxide (CO2) as results from internal combustion engine have seen as one of major factor the promotion of the use of biofuels. Therefore, the use of biodiesel fuel (BDF) as an alternative for fossil diesel (DSL) is among the effective way to reduce the CO2 emission. In this experimental study, the effects on engine performance and fuel-induced emission characteristics were studied using fuel blends and under different fuel injection pressure. Even though the brake thermal efficiency was obtained maximum for the conventional diesel at standard operating condition, the same can also be achieved with biodiesel blends by increasing the injection pressure higher than that of the level used for conventional diesel. This experimental test was done using a small 4-stroke single cylinder diesel engine with electric dynamometer loads integrated with emission gas analyser that attached to the exhaust pipeline. As results of experimental investigations, decreasing in NOX Emission, SOX Emission, CO Emission and also brake specific fuel consumption compare to pure diesel.

scholarly journals A comprehensive review of the influences of nanoparticles as a fuel additive in an internal combustion engine (ICE)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1326-1349
Author(s):  
Siti Nurul Akmal Yusof ◽  
Nor Azwadi Che Sidik ◽  
Yutaka Asako ◽  
Wan Mohd. Arif Aziz Japar ◽  
Saiful Bahri Mohamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Fuel Additive ◽  
Engine Combustion ◽  
Research Findings

Abstract Nanofluid is a colloidal mixture consisting of nano-sized particles dispersed in a liquid medium. It improves heat transfer properties and promotes high energy efficiency in a wide spectrum of engineering applications. In recent years, particularly in the automotive industry, the addition of nanofluid in diesel/biodiesel as an additive for ICE has become an attractive approach to promote enhanced combustion efficiency and emission reduction due to their superior thermophysical properties. Many researchers have previously demonstrated that the addition of nanoparticles in diesel/biodiesel fuel improved the overall engine combustion characteristics. As a whole, this study aims to summarize the recent research findings related to the effect of nanoparticles on the fuel properties and engine combustion efficiency. Furthermore, different types of additive blended with varying fuel properties are also compared and discussed. Lastly, the advantages and prospects of using nanofluid as an additive fuel are summarized for future research opportunities.

Stirling Engine Technology for Parabolic Dish-Stirling System Based on Concentrating Solar Power (CSP)

2015 ◽  
Vol 785 ◽  
pp. 576-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liaw Geok Pheng ◽  
Rosnani Affandi ◽  
Mohd Ruddin Ab Ghani ◽  
Chin Kim Gan ◽  
Jano Zanariah
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Stirling Engine ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Heat Engines ◽  
Stirling Engines ◽  
Parabolic Dish ◽  
Mechanical Devices ◽  
And Control

Solar energy is one of the more attractive renewable energy sources that can be used as an input energy source for heat engines. In fact, any heat energy sources can be used with the Stirling engine. Stirling engines are mechanical devices working theoretically on the Stirling cycle, or its modifications, in which compressible fluids, such as air, hydrogen, helium, nitrogen or even vapors, are used as working fluids. When comparing with the internal combustion engine, the Stirling engine offers possibility for having high efficiency engine with less exhaust emissions. However, this paper analyzes the basic background of Stirling engine and reviews its existing literature pertaining to dynamic model and control system for parabolic dish-stirling (PD) system.

Nanofuels: Combustion, engine performance and emissions

Fuel ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 91-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakhi N. Mehta ◽  
Mousumi Chakraborty ◽  
Parimal A. Parikh
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Engine Performance And Emissions

Development of a High-Efficiency, Low-Cost Hybrid SOFC/Internal Combustion Engine Power Generator

2021 ◽  
Vol MA2021-03 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-35
Author(s):  
Rob Braun ◽  
Gus Floerchinger ◽  
David Wahlstrom ◽  
Neal P. Sullivan ◽  
Tyrone Vincent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Power Generator ◽  
Engine Power

scholarly journals Pretreatments of lignocellulosic feedstock for bioethanol production

2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zlatica Predojevic
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Lignocellulosic Feedstock ◽  
Lignocellulosic Feedstocks

The use of renewable energy sources (biofuels), either as a component in the conventional fossil fuels, gasoline and diesel, or as a pure biofuel, contributes to energy saving and decrease of total CO2 emission. The use of bioethanol mixed with gasoline significantly decreases gasoline consumption and contributes to environment protection. One of the problems in the production of bioethanol is the availability of sugar and starch based feedstock used for its production. However, lignocellulosic feedstocks are becoming more significant in the production of bioethanol due to their availability and low cost. The aim of this study is to point out the advantages and shortcomings of pretreatment processes and hydrolyses of lignocellulosic feedstocks that precede their fermentation to bioethanol.

scholarly journals Development of a Low-Cost Data Acquisition System for Very Short-Term Photovoltaic Power Forecasting

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 6075
Author(s):  
Guilherme Fonseca Bassous ◽  
Rodrigo Flora Calili ◽  
Carlos Hall Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Acquisition System ◽  
Time Operation ◽  
Detection Point ◽  
Real Time Operation ◽  
Forecast Models ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Power Forecasting

The rising adoption of renewable energy sources means we must turn our eyes to limitations in traditional energy systems. Intermittency, if left unaddressed, may lead to several power-quality and energy-efficiency issues. The objective of this work is to develop a working tool to support photovoltaic energy forecast models for real-time operation applications. The current paradigm of intra-hour solar-power forecasting is to use image-based approaches to predict the state of cloud composition for short time horizons. Since the objective of intra-minute forecasting is to address high-frequency intermittency, data must provide information on and surrounding these events. For that purpose, acquisition by exception was chosen as the guiding principle. The system performs power measurements at 1 Hz frequency, and whenever it detects variations over a certain threshold, it saves the data 10 s before and 4 s after the detection point. A multilayer perceptron neural network was used to determine its relevance to the forecasting problem. With a thorough selection of attributes and network structures, the results show very low error with R2 greater than 0.93 for both input variables tested with a time horizon of 60 s. In conclusion, the data provided by the acquisition system yielded relevant information for forecasts up to 60 s ahead.

scholarly journals Development of a Micro grid with Renewable Energy Sources with Feedback Controller

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2014-2018
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Industrial Projects ◽  
Micro Grid

To make micro grid with renewable energy and to over come the technical challenges and economy base and policy and regulatory challenges . From the natural wastage we can generate the Electricity. Thus, the Electrical Power or Electricity is available with a low cost and pollution free to anyplace in the world at all times. This process divulge a unequaled step in electricity generation and this type of generation is maintain the ecological balance. We can have an uninterrupted power supply irrespective of the natural condition without any kind of environmental pollution. More influence this process relent the less production cost for electricity generation. Micro grids have long been used in remote areas to power off-grid villages, military operations or industrial projects. But increasingly they are being used in cities or towns, in urban centers. Here we try a proto type of micro grid with renewable energy sources.

scholarly journals Geospatial Analysis and Environmental Impact Assessment of a Holistic and Interdisciplinary Approach to the Biogas Sector

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 5374
Author(s):  
Robert Bedoić ◽  
Goran Smoljanić ◽  
Tomislav Pukšec ◽  
Lidija Čuček ◽  
Davor Ljubas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biogas Production ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Alternative Pathways ◽  
Agriculture Industry ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
The Impact

Crop-based biogas energy production, in combination with electricity generation under subsidy schemes, is no longer considered a favourable business model for biogas plants. Switching to low-cost or gate fee feedstocks and utilising biogas via alternative pathways could contribute to making existing plants fit for future operations and could open up new space for further expansion of the biogas sector. The aim of this study was to combine a holistic and interdisciplinary approach for both the biogas production side and the utilisation side to evaluate the impact of integrating the biogas sector with waste management systems and energy systems operating with a high share of renewable energy sources. The geospatial availability of residue materials from agriculture, industry and municipalities was assessed using QGIS software for the case of Northern Croatia with the goal of replacing maize silage in the operation of existing biogas plants. Furthermore, the analysis included positioning new biogas plants, which would produce renewable gas. The overall approach was evaluated through life cycle assessment using SimaPro software to quantify the environmental benefits and identify the bottlenecks of the implemented actions. The results showed that the given feedstocks could replace 212 GWh of biogas from maize silage in the relevant region and create an additional 191 GWh of biomethane in new plants. The LCA revealed that the proposed measures would contribute to the decarbonisation of natural gas by creating environmental benefits that are 36 times greater compared to a business-as-usual concept. The presented approach could be of interest to stakeholders in the biogas sector anywhere in the world to encourage further integration of biogas technologies into energy and environmental transitions.

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