scholarly journals The Heterogeneous Impacts of Human Capital on Green Total Factor Productivity: Regional Diversity Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang Xiao ◽  
Jialu You
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Human Capital Accumulation ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Heterogeneous Effects ◽  
Fiscal Spending

That human capital improves the efficiency of Green Total Factor Productivity has been established in research fields, but the heterogeneous effects of human capital on GTFP and its sustainable mechanisms are unclear. This study examines the effects of human capital accumulation, fiscal spending on education, and innovation on GTFP efficiency under spatial and temporal diversity. Employing panel data from 30 provinces from 2001 to 2018 in China, we analyzed the dynamic and static efficiency of GTFP in different regions by three-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA). The heterogeneous effects of human capital on GTFP were explored through Tobit regression. Results reveal that the average value of GTFP efficiency is an inverted U-shape and the presence of significant t geography differences. Human capital accumulation and fiscal spending on education have positive effects on GTFP efficiency; however, innovation negatively affects it. At the same time, marketization growth decreases the positive influence of human capital and education on GTFP efficiency. While, this effect was not observed regarding innovation, the implication of these results concerning the human capital heterogeneous effects of GTFP efficiency in a different geographic context. Establishing a fair and transparent system can reduce the endowments gap and effectively promote GTFP efficiency in developing countries.

scholarly journals Human Capital Heterogeneous and Growth of Green Total Factors Productive

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
jialu you ◽  
hang xiao
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Human Capital Accumulation ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Static Efficiency ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Heterogeneous Effects

Abstract Human capital improves the efficiency of GTFP has been established in research fields, but the heterogeneous effects of human capital on GTFP and its sustainable mechanisms are unclear. This study aims to examine the effects of human capital accumulation, education fiscal, and innovation on GTFP efficiency under diversity between spatial and temporal. Employing panel data from 30 provinces from 2001 to 2018 in China, We analyzed the dynamic and static efficiency of GTFP at different regions by three-stage DEA. We explored the heterogeneous effects of human capital on GTFP through Tobit regression. Results show that the average value of GTFP efficiency is inverted U-shape and having a significant geography difference. Then, human capital accumulation and education fiscal have positive effects on the GTFP efficiency; however, innovation negatively affects GTFP efficiency. At the same time, marketization growth decreases human capital and education positive influence on the GTFP efficiency. However, this effect was not seen on the innovation—the implication of these results concerning the human capital heterogeneous effects of GTFP efficiency in a different geography. Establishing a fair and transparent system is an available choice to reduce the endowments gap and effectively promote GTFP efficiency in developing countries.

scholarly journals Development Accounting

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Tai Hsieh ◽  
Peter J. Klenow
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Physical Capital ◽  
Human Capital Accumulation ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
The Past ◽  
Development Accounting ◽  
Proximate Determinants

Researchers have made much progress in the past 25 years in accounting for the proximate determinants of income levels: physical capital, human capital, and Total Factor Productivity (TFP). But we still know little about why these factors vary. We argue that TFP exerts a powerful influence on output not only directly, but also indirectly, through its effect on physical and human capital accumulation. We discuss why TFP varies across countries, highlighting misallocation of inputs across firms and industries as a key determinant. (JEL E22, E23, F21, F35, O10, O40)

Intergenerational Mobility and Unequal School Opportunity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreu Arenas ◽  
Jean Hindriks
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Intergenerational Mobility ◽  
Assortative Matching ◽  
Human Capital Accumulation ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Intergenerational Income Mobility ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Income Dispersion ◽  
The Impact

Abstract We analyse the impact of unequal school opportunity on intergenerational income mobility and human capital accumulation. Building upon the classical Becker–Tomes–Solon framework, we use a regime-switch model allowing for differences in income transmission across groups. We find that unequal school opportunity raises average human capital because of assortative matching. However, because income dispersion tends to be higher at the top, in most cases unequal school opportunity decreases intergenerational mobility. Calibrating the model to the USA, simulations suggest that school equalisation and desegregation policies have positive effects on mobility at relatively small efficiency costs.

scholarly journals Research on Total Factor Productivity and Influential Factors of the Regional Water–Energy–Food Nexus: A Case Study on Inner Mongolia, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (17) ◽  
pp. 3051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen ◽  
Ding ◽  
Wang ◽  
Yu
Keyword(s):  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Regional Water

With the supply of water, energy and food facing severe challenges, there has been an increased recognition of the importance of studying the regional water–energy–food nexus. In this paper, Inner Mongolia, including 12 cities in China, was selected as a research case. A super-efficiency slack based measure (SBM) model that considered the undesirable outputs was adopted to calculate the regional total factor productivity (TFP) and the Malmquist–Luenberger index was used to investigate the change trend of the TFP from 2007 to 2016 based on understanding the water–energy–food nexus. Finally, influential factors of the TFP were explored by Tobit regression. The results show that the 12 Inner Mongolia cities are divided into higher, moderate and lower efficiency zones. The higher efficiency zone includes Ordos, Hohhot, Xing’an, and Tongliao, and the lower efficiency zone includes Chifeng, Xilin Gol, Baynnur, Wuhai and Alxa. There is a serious difference in TFP between Inner Mongolia cities. During the study period, the TFP of the water–energy–food nexus in Inner Mongolia cities shows a rising trend, which is mainly driven by the growth of technical progress change. However, the average ML values of the lower and moderate efficiency zones were inferior to the higher efficiency zone in six of the ten years, so the difference between Inner Mongolia cities is growing. According to the Tobit regression, the mechanization level and degree of opening up have positive effects on the TFP, while enterprise scale and the output of the third industry have negative effects on the TFP. Government support does not have any significant impact on the TFP. Finally, suggestions were put forward to improve the TFP of the water–energy–food nexus in Inner Mongolia cities.

scholarly journals The Impact of Foreign Direct Investment Spillover Effects on Total Factor Productivity in Sri Lanka

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-49
Author(s):  
Kalaichevi Ravinthirakumaran ◽  
Tarlok Singh ◽  
Eliyathamby Selvanathan ◽  
Saroja Selvanathan
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Impact

This paper examines whether FDI generates productivity spillovers in Sri Lanka, using the annual data over the period from 1978 to 2015. The autoregressive distributed lag model has been estimated to investigate the effects of FDI, research and development, human capital, international trade, technological gap, rate of inflation, population growth and civil war on total factor productivity (TFP). The results reveal that FDI positively influences TFP. The results also confirm that research and development, human capital and international trade have positive effects. The findings suggest that Sri Lanka needs to increase investment in human capital and in research and development and needs to introduce policies to attract FDI inflows.

scholarly journals Externalities of Colleagues’ Human Capital Accumulation and Individual Wages: Empirical Evidence from the Malaysian Service Sector

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Fazlin Mohamed Noor ◽  
Zainizam Zakariya ◽  
Norimah Rambeli@Ramli ◽  
Azila Abdul Razak
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Human Capital Accumulation ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Additional Increase ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
One Year

The aim of this study is to examine the extent to which colleagues’ human capital accumulation (education, work experience and training) had an impact on individuals’ earnings in the service sector in Malaysia. The study employed data from the 2007 Productivity Investment Climate Survey (PICS) and the colleagues’ human capital accumulation was measured using information from both workers and employers survey. Random Effect (RE) was used to estimate the effects of these factors on wages. Findings from the RE showed that only co-workers’ education had a positive and significant impact on individual wages. One year of colleagues’ additional schooling will increase the individuals’ earnings between 2.8 and 4.7 percent a year. Women experience a higher wage premium than that of men (4.7 against 3.5 percent). In addition, educational dispersion between respondents and workplaces also had a significant impact on earnings as it increases workers’ earnings between 2 and 3.7 percent for every additional increase of one standard deviation of the educational dispersion. These positive effects can be interpreted as the existence of positive spillovers or externalities of the education of colleagues at the workplace as it can enhance productivity of other employees in the same organization.

Human Capital Accumulation and Resource Abundance

2011 ◽  
pp. 66-77
Author(s):  
O. Vasilieva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Human Capital Accumulation ◽  
Resource Abundance ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Crowd Out

Does resource abundance positively affect human capital accumulation? Or, alternatively, does it «crowd out» the human capital leading to the deterioration of economic growth? The paper gives an overview of the relevant literature and discusses both theoretical and empirical results obtained regarding the connection between human capital accumulation and resource abundance. It shows that despite some theoretical predictions about the harmful effect of resource abundance on human capital accumulation, unambiguous evidence of such impact that would be robust with respect to the change of resource abundance parameter has not been obtained yet.

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