Trade Openness and Green Total Factor Productivity in China: The Role of ICT-Based Digital Trade

Scale Effect ◽

Trade Openness ◽

Estimation Method ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Structure Effect ◽

Factor Productivity ◽

Estimation Model ◽

Promoting Effect ◽

The vigorous development of modern information and communication technology (ICT) has driven the digital trade featured by the ICT technique and industry as the carrier. This study empirically tests the impact of ICT-based digital trade openness on green total factor productivity (GTFP) by selecting ICT as the representative digital trade data of 30 provinces in China over the timespan 2002–2018. We employ the slack-based model and global Malmquist–Luenberger (SBM-GML) estimation method to calculate the provincial GTFP and explore the heterogeneous impact of digital trade openness on GTFP through the scale effect, technology effect, and structure effect. In terms of empirical results, the panel fixed model and panel quantile estimation model both suggest the same findings. With the continuous expansion of the scale of digital trade, its scale effect has a significant inhibitory effect on GTFP, whereas the structure effect combined with human capital and the technology effect correlated with technological research and development (R&D) have a significant promoting effect on GTFP. The panel quantile regression model reveals that the interaction intensity increases gradually from a low quantile to high quantile. Further robustness tests also verify the consistency and stability of the results. Finally, the study puts forward corresponding practical suggestions for the construction of a high-quality open pattern of digital trade and the coordinated development of GTFP. The specific policy implications include the following: (1) Emphasize on the penetration and connection effect of the new generation of ICT, and strengthen the construction of enterprise informatization. (2) Expand digital trade openness and broaden the field of industrial cooperation. (3) Optimize the industrial structure of digital trade, and accelerate the development of core industries of digital trade. (4) Gradually promote the transformation of digital trade from relying on quantity and scale to product quality.

Economic Efficiency and Its Influencing Factors on Urban Agglomeration—An Analysis Based on China’s Top 10 Urban Agglomerations

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11195380 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (19) ◽

pp. 5380 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Junwei Ma ◽

Jianhua Wang ◽

Philip Szmedra

Keyword(s):

Influencing Factors ◽

Economic Efficiency ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Factor Productivity ◽

Urban Agglomerations ◽

Capital Productivity ◽

Industrial Specialization ◽

New Findings ◽

Economic efficiency is the key issue of sustainable development in urban agglomerations. To date, more attention has been paid to the estimates of productivity gains from urban agglomerations. Differing from the previous studies, this paper focuses on the influencing factors and mechanisms of the economic efficiency of urban agglomerations, and check the effects of three different externalities (industrial specialization, industrial diversity and industrial competition) on the economic efficiency of urban agglomerations. The selected samples are multiple urban agglomerations, and the economic efficiency of urban agglomerations includes single factor productivity and total factor productivity. China’s top 10 urban agglomerations are selected as the case study and their differences in economic efficiency are portrayed comparatively. Firstly, a theoretical analysis framework for three different externalities effect mechanisms on the economic efficiency of urban agglomerations is incorporated. Secondly, economic efficiency measurement index system composes of labor productivity, capital productivity, land productivity and total factor productivity, and the impact of various factors on the economic efficiency of urban agglomerations is tested. The results confirm some phenomena (MAR externality, Jacobs externality and Porter externality) discussed or mentioned in the literature and some new findings regarding the urban agglomerations, derive policy implications for improving economic efficiency and enhancing the sustainability of urban agglomerations, and suggest some potentials for improving the limitations of the research.

The Impact of Environmental Conditions on Urban Eco-Sustainable Total Factor Productivity: A Case Study of 21 Cities in Guangdong Province, China

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17041329 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 1329

Author(s):

Haidong Yu ◽

Juanjuan Zhao

Keyword(s):

Production Efficiency ◽

Generalized Method Of Moments ◽

Guangdong Province ◽

Sustainable Urban Development ◽

Ecological Environment ◽

Factor Productivity ◽

Promoting Effect ◽

Significance Level ◽

Environmental protection has attracted much attention. This study first describes the status of the ecological environment and then uses data envelopment analysis and the system the system generalized method of moments (GMM) model to study the relationship between the environmental status and ecological sustainable total factor productivity (ESTFP) in 21 prefecture-level cities of Guangdong Province. The main conclusions of this study are as follows. (1) The ecological index (EI), which reflects the ecological environment, shows a general trend of first decreasing and then rising. The average EI value decreased from 80.95 in 2008 to 68.71 in 2011 and then gradually increased to 74.76 in 2017. (2) The ecological sustainable total factor productivity (ESTFP = 0.960), including the two additional dimensions of the urban resource consumption index (URCI) and urban pollution discharge index (UPDI), is better than the traditional total factor productivity (TFP = 0.954). (3) The EI has a highly significant positive promoting effect on ESTFP at a significance level of 1%. The methods and results from this research provide an important scientific reference for the research on urban production efficiency and sustainable urban development in China.

Environmental Regulation, Innovation Capability, and Green Total Factor Productivity: New Evidence from China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-962061/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Chien-Chiang Lee ◽

Mingli Zeng ◽

Changsong Wang

Keyword(s):

Economic Development ◽

Development Strategy ◽

Innovation Capability ◽

Factor Productivity ◽

Promoting Effect ◽

Environmental Laws ◽

Intermediary Role ◽

The Impact ◽

New Evidence

Abstract In recent years, China's economy has experienced a rapid transformation period from rugged economic development to a sustainable economic development style. Increasing green total factor productivity (GTFP) is considered as one of the important signs. The application of innovation capability (ICY) is becoming more and more widely used in modern life. But it is still unclear how ICY can affect GTFP. With increasingly stricter environmental laws and regulations, how environmental regulations (ER) affect GTFP is unclear. This research contributes to the literature on the impact mechanisms of ICY and ER on GTFP using the data on 30 Chinese provinces covering the period from 2006-2017. The results indicate both ICY and ER can effectively promote GTFP. Compared with ER, ICY has obvious heterogeneity on GTFP, that is, the stronger the ICY is, the stronger it promoting effect on GTFP. Next, ICY plays an intermediary role in ER and GTFP, and ER can promote GTFP through ICY. Accordingly, the paper puts forward some policy suggestions, such as optimizing and improving ER policy, unswervingly practicing innovation-driven development strategy, strengthening monitoring and supervision.

Input Structure Effect of Total Factor Productivity Growth of Animal Husbandry

International Journal of Engineering and Management Research ◽

10.31033/ijemr.11.4.8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

Author(s):

LI Xiu-shuang ◽

ZHAO Liang ◽

YU Kang

Keyword(s):

Productivity Growth ◽

Animal Husbandry ◽

Structure Effect ◽

Factor Productivity ◽

Plateau Region ◽

Tfp Growth ◽

Input Structure ◽

Factor Decomposition ◽

This paper uses the input-output panel data of China's animal husbandry industry from 1997 to 2017, based on the total factor decomposition framework of total factor productivity (TFP), and uses the Hicks-Moorsteen index completely decompose the growth of animal husbandry TFP. By measuring the effect of mixed efficiency on the development of TFP in animal husbandry and then evaluating the input structure effect of TFP growth in animal husbandry. The results show that the impact of input structure on the TFP growth of animal husbandry has also changed from negative to positive. From 1997 to 2007, the input structure of the Huanghuaihai region alone contributed to the growth of TFP in animal husbandry, and the rest of the region was the opposite. From 2008 to 2017, the input structure of the Mengxin Plateau region hindered the growth of TFP in animal husbandry, while the rest of the region was the opposite.

Linkages between Trade Openness, Productivity and Industrialization in Nigeria: A Co-integration Test

Research in World Economy ◽

10.5430/rwe.v8n2p78 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 78

Author(s):

Ilemona Adofu ◽

Innocent Okwanya

Keyword(s):

Impulse Response ◽

Response Function ◽

Trade Openness ◽

Impulse Response Function ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Industrial Output ◽

Factor Productivity ◽

Long Run ◽

Integration Test

This study examines the effect of trade openness and total factor productivity on industrial output in Nigeria. The data used for this analysis covers the period 1981-2015. The paper employs the VAR model in estimating the effect of trade openness on industrial output. The impulse response function and the variance decomposition are used to examine the response of industrial output to shocks in trade openness and total factor productivity. The results show that trade openness has a positive increasing effect on industrial output in Nigeria while the effect of total factor productivity on industrial output is found to be insignificant. The impulse response function shows over the long run period tfP negative effect on industrial output in Nigeria. The findings of this study certainly have important policy implications: it suggests that policies geared towards increasing trade openness should be encouraged as this tends to improve industrial output. This study contributes to economics literature by looking at the degree to which trade openness and total factor productivity influence industrial output in Nigeria.

Trade Openness, Social Capital and Total Factor Productivity in Tobacco Industry

Tobacco Regulatory Science ◽

10.18001/trs.7.4.1.4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 522-529

Author(s):

Pengzhen Cai ◽

Panpan Yang ◽

Qijie Jiang

Keyword(s):

Social Capital ◽

Economic Performance ◽

Local Governments ◽

Tobacco Industry ◽

Trade Openness ◽

Factor Productivity ◽

Estimation Model ◽

Analysis Methodology ◽

Fiscal Revenue

Objectives: The tobacco industry makes crucial contributions to local fiscal revenue and thus how to improve the productivity of tobacco industry has gain great attention by scholars, entrepreneurs, and governments. The present study attempts to explore the role of trade openness and social capital in the improvement of total factor productivity (TFP) focusing on tobacco industry. Methods: The present study firstly proposed an estimation model under the framework of new growth theory, and then taking tobacco industries in the top fifty cities in China’s GDP list as examples, the present study conducted an empirical study using regression analysis methodology. Results: The results demonstrated that social capital contributes to enhancing the utilization effectiveness of material capital in tobacco industry, and it has a more direct influence on total factor productivity relative to tobacco industry economic performance. The influence of trade openness and social capital on TFP in tobacco industry is moderated by the present industry economic performance. Conclusion: Both trade openness and social capital play critical roles in promoting the productivity of tobacco industry and the entire industrial economic development. This study thus has practical implications for both tobacco enterprise managers and local governments, and enriches the theory relating to social capital.

The Impact of the Subsidy Policy on Total Factor Productivity: An Empirical Analysis of China's Cotton Production

Mathematical Problems in Engineering ◽

10.1155/2013/248537 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yanwen Tan ◽

Jianbo Guan ◽

Hamid Reza Karimi

Keyword(s):

Malmquist Index ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Cotton Production ◽

Factor Productivity ◽

Subsidy Policy ◽

Positive Study ◽

Before And After ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

This paper develops one model to explore the relationship between the subsidy policy and the agricultural total factor productivity (TFP). It indicates that the agricultural TFP will be lower after the subsidy policy is implemented and there exists a negative relation between the subsidy and TFP, if subsidies are associated with the acreage. Using Malmquist index, this paper measures the changes of TFP in China's cotton production before and after the subsidy policy is implemented. The results verify that the subsidy policy could not increase but decrease the TFP of China's cotton production, not only in the whole country but also in major provinces of China. Based on the positive study, some policy implications are provided in the end of this paper.

Have China’s Pilot Free Trade Zones Improved Green Total Factor Productivity?

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182111681 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (21) ◽

pp. 11681

Author(s):

Qingshan Ma ◽

Yuanmeng Zhang ◽

Kexin Yang ◽

Lingyun He

Keyword(s):

Free Trade ◽

Industrial Structure ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Trade Openness ◽

Factor Productivity ◽

Free Trade Zones ◽

Green Areas ◽

The Difference ◽

Free trade zones (FTZ) are designated areas for promoting trade openness and investment facilitation. In China, FTZs are also regarded as “green areas” in which planning actions and institutional innovations are implemented, and there is a commitment to promoting urban green and healthy development. Given that green total factor productivity (GTFP) is an important measure of a city’s health and green performance, this study exploits the difference-in-differences method to explore the impact of pilot FTZs on urban GTFP in 280 cities in China for the period between 2005 and 2017. The results show that the green areas positively contributed to the growth of GTFP. Moreover, the outcome holds with robustness tests. Statistically, the positive effect emerged in cities during the first three years after introducing the initiative, with the effect disappearing afterward. It also had a strong positive impact in the central and western regions and in large and medium-sized cities, while the influence remained insignificant in the remaining areas in China. Furthermore, the paper also reveals that the promotion of foreign direct investment and industrial structure upgrading are the primary channels through which the positive relationship between pilot FTZs and GTFP is established.

11th GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES - Global Conference on Business and Social Sciences Proceeding ◽

Examining the Impact and Influencing Channels of Emission Trading Pilot Markets in China

10.35609/gcbssproceeding.2020.11(136) ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 136-136

Author(s):

Qiong Wu ◽

Kanittha Tambunlertchai ◽

Pongsa Pornchaiwiseskul

Keyword(s):

Co2 Emission ◽

Carbon Emission ◽

Emission Trading ◽

Chinese Government ◽

Synergy Effect ◽

Factor Productivity ◽

Plan Period ◽

Carbon Emission Trading ◽

The global warming has become a serious issue in the world since the 1980s. The targets for the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol cover emissions of the six main greenhouse gasses (GHGs). China is the world's largest CO2 emitter and coal consumer and was responsible for 27.3 percent of the global total CO2 emission and 50.6 percent of the global total coal consumption in 2016 (BP, 2017). As China plays an important role in the global climate change, China has set goals to improve its environmental efficiency and performance. In 2011, the Chinese government for the first time announced an intent to establish carbon emission trading market in China. Eight regional emission trading schemes have been operating since 2013 (seven pilot markets during the 12th Five Year Plan period and one pilot market during the 13th Five Year Plan period) including provinces of Guangdong, Hubei, and Fujian, and cities of Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Shenzhen, and Chongqing. The goal of these regional emission trading pilot markets is to help the government establish an efficient carbon emission trading scheme at national level. Some researchers have been focused on examining the impact of emission trading schemes in China using CGE model by constructing different scenarios and ex-ante analysis using data prior to emission trading pilot markets implementation. While this paper tries to conduct an ex-post analysis with data of 2005-2017 to evaluate the impact of emission trading pilot markets in China at provincial level using difference-in-difference (DID) model. By including both CO2 and SO2 as undesirable outputs to calculate Malmquist-Luenberger (ML) Index to measure green total factor productivity, this paper plans to evaluate the impact of carbon emission trading pilot markets in China via emission reduction, regional green development, synergy effect and influencing channels. This paper tries to answer the following research questions: (1) Do emission trading pilot markets reduce CO2 emission and increase regional green total factor productivity? (2) Is there any synergy effect from emission trading pilot markets? (3) What are the influencing channels of emission trading pilot markets? Keywords: Emission trading, CO2 emissions, Different-in-difference

Impact of Determinants of Industrial Development on Employment and Wages in Indian Manufacturing

Indian Journal of Economics and Development ◽

10.35716/ijed/19053 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 18-30

Keyword(s):

Technical Efficiency ◽

Technical Change ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Manufacturing Sector ◽

Factor Productivity ◽

Firm Level ◽

Employment Level ◽

The Impact ◽

Level Performance

ABSTRACT The present study was undertaken to explore the evolution of the impact of firm-level performance on employment level and wages in the Indian organized manufacturing sector over the period 1989-90 to 2013-14. One of the major components of the economic reform package was the deregulation and de-licensing in the Indian organized manufacturing sector. The impact of firm-level performance on employment and wages were estimated for Indian organized manufacturing sector in major sub-sectors in India during the period from 1989-90 to 2013-14 of the various variables namely profitability ratio, total factor productivity change, technical change, technical efficiency, openness (export-import), investment intensity, raw material intensity and FECI in total factor productivity index, technical efficiency, and technical change. The study exhibited that all explanatory variables except profitability ratio and technical change cost had a positive impact on the employment level. Out of eight variables, four variables such as net of foreign equity capital, investment intensity, TFPCH, and technical efficiency change showed a positive impact on wages and salary ratio and rest of the four variables such as openness intensity, technology acquisition index, profitability ratio, and technical change had negative impact on wages and salary ratio. In this context, the profit ratio should be distributed as per the marginal rule of economics such as the marginal productivity of labour and capital.