scholarly journals Sleep Disturbance Induces Increased Cholesterol Level by NR1D1 Mediated CYP7A1 Inhibition

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Xing ◽  
Xin Huang ◽  
Yifan Zhang ◽  
Chongchong Zhang ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Liver Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Accumulation ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Increased Risk

Disturbed sleep is closely associated with an increased risk of metabolic diseases. However, the underlying mechanisms of circadian clock genes linking sleep and lipid profile abnormalities have not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to explore the important role of the circadian clock in regulating impaired cholesterol metabolism at an early stage of sleep deprivation (SD). Sleep disturbance was conducted using an SD instrument. Our results showed that SD increased the serum cholesterol levels. Concentrations of serum leptin and resistin were much lower after SD, but other metabolic hormone concentrations (adiponectin, glucagon, insulin, thyroxine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine) were unchanged before and after SD. Warning signs of cardiovascular diseases [decreased high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and increased corticosterone and 8-hydroxyguanosine levels] and hepatic cholestasis (elevated total bile acids and bilirubin levels) were observed after SD. Cholesterol accumulation was also observed in the liver after SD. The expression levels of HMGCR, the critical enzyme for cholesterol synthesis, remained unchanged in the liver. However, the expression levels of liver CYP7A1, the enzyme responsible for the conversion of cholesterol into bile acids, significantly reduced after SD. Furthermore, expression of NR1D1, a circadian oscillator and transcriptional regulator of CYP7A1, strikingly decreased after SD. Moreover, NR1D1 deficiency decreased liver CYP7A1 levels, and SD could exacerbate the reduction of CYP7A1 expression in NR1D1−/− mouse livers. Additionally, NR1D1 deficiency could further increase serum cholesterol levels under SD. These results suggest that sleep disturbance can induce increased serum cholesterol levels and liver cholesterol accumulation by NR1D1 mediated CYP7A1 inhibition.

An Assessment of Serum Cholesterol level and BMI in Women: Study in Several Private Chambers in Mymensingh

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-9
Author(s):  
Nahid Bintay Ansary ◽  
Arup Ratan Paul ◽  
Md Mahamudur Rahman ◽  
Maria Hussain ◽  
Rubiat Naznin
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Cholesterol Level ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Study Participants

The increased risk of cardiovascular disease associated with higher serum cholesterol levels in middle-aged persons has been established, but there have been few studies conducted regarding the issues in Mymensingh. For evaluation of serum cholesterol and BMI in women of Mymensingh, across-sectional studywas conducted in several private chambers in the districts of Mymensingh, Bangladesh during the period from January 2017 to December 2017. A total of 48 Female patients participated in the study. In the study, participants were aged between 18 to 29 years of age. The study suggested that the serum cholesterol was below 4.99 were 15(31.25%), 5.00 to 6.49 were 13(26.08%) and above 6.50 were 20 (41.67%), the Mean ± SD was 4.45 (0.76). The health status according to BMI showed that 12.50% (n=6) of the participants were underweight <18.49, majority 50.00% (n=24) of the population were from normal weight range (18.5-24.9), 16.67% (n=8) of the participants were overweight and 20.83 %( n=10) of the participants were obese >30. The Mean ± SD was 18.93± (3.68). Measurement of BMI and Serum Cholesterol levels can help doctors to treat patients properly for reducing the burden of death in our country. CBMJ 2019 July: Vol. 08 No. 02 P: 4-9

Relation of Serum Cholesterol to in vitro 7α-Dehydroxylation of Primary Bile Acids by Fecal Bacteria in Infants and Children

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-228
Author(s):  
Paul Samuel ◽  
Arnold Schussheim ◽  
Sidney Lieberman ◽  
Eugene C. Don
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acids ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Fresh Feces ◽  
Low Levels

Fresh feces from 104 infants and children (aged 3 days to 16 years) were homogenized and incubated with labeled cholic or chenodeoxycholic acid. After 2 and/or 24 hours' incubation, the percentage of converted (mostly 7α-dehydroxylated) primary bile acids was measured, and the degree of conversion was correlated with serum cholesterol levels. It was found that stool homogenates of patients with low levels of serum cholesterol (&lt; 160 mg/100 ml) converted labeled primary bile acids poorly or not at all, whereas in patients with higher serum cholesterol levels (&gt; l60 mg/100 ml) the conversion process was markedly increased. Thus, highly significant correlations were found between serum cholesterol levels and the capability of the fecal bacterial flora to convert both primary bile acids "in vitro." The possibility is proposed that in man the relatively rapid progressive increase of serum cholesterol level following birth may be related to the colonization of the intestinal tract by 7α-dehydroxylating and/or bile acid degrading bacteria. It is suggested that the prevalence of these bacteria is subject to environmental effects, and it may be one of the important factors regulating cholesterol levels in man.

VARIOUS EFFECTS OF THYROXINE ANALOGUES ON THE HEART AND SERUM CHOLESTEROL IN THE RAT

1960 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. BOYD ◽  
M. F. OLIVER
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Rate Ratio ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Liver Cholesterol ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Stimulation Of

SUMMARY A series of twelve iodinated thyroxine analogues was studied for thyro-activity in the rat. Each analogue produced antigoitrogenic activity, increased oxygen consumption, heart rate and heart weight, and decreased serum and liver cholesterol levels. A 'serum cholesterol/heart rate ratio' may be computed for these analogues under fixed experimental conditions. While the dose-response curves for different analogues in any of these assays are rarely parallel, it is, nevertheless, clear that under certain experimental conditions some iodothyronines cause a relatively greater depression of cholesterol levels and less stimulation of heart rate than others. Some of the most active in this respect are DT4, DT3, DT2 and T4F.

scholarly journals Vitamin C status, serum cholesterol levels and bile composition in the pregnant guinea-pig

1980 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
Biliary Secretion ◽  
Cholesterol Levels

1. Pregnant guinea-pigs receiving a low dose of L-ascorbic acid (0.2 mg/100 g body-weight per d) developed a hypercholesterolaemia in the third trimester of pregnancy, whereas no change in serum cholesterol levels was observed in pregnant animals receiving a higher dose of the vitamin (2 mg/100 g body-weight per d).2. Pregnancy in the group of guinea-pigs receiving the higher dose of L-ascorbic acid was associated with an increased biliary secretion of bile acids. No change was observed in the biliary secretion of bile acids in pregnant animals receiving the lower dose of L-ascorbic acid, but these animals secreted significantly more cholesterol.3. Changes in the biliary secretion of cholesterol and bile acids in the pregnant guinea-pig according to L-ascorbic acid intake were reflected in the composition of the gall-bladder bile. Thus, the gall-bladder bile of guinea-pigs receiving the lower dose of L-ascorbic acid contained more cholesterol, while the gall-bladder bile of those animals receiving the higher dose of the vitamin had a higher content of bile acids.4. The increased cholesterol content of the gall-bladder of pregnant guinea-pigs receiving the lower dose of L-ascorbic acid resulted in decreased bile acid:cholesterol and phospholipid: cholesterol values, conditions predisposing to cholelithiasis.

Serum cholesterol levels of inbred rats

1964 ◽  
Vol 207 (3) ◽  
pp. 631-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Kritchevsky ◽  
Shirley A. Tepper
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Inbred Strains ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Liver Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean

Changes in serum cholesterol levels with age have been studied in male and female rats of three inbred strains (BN, DA, and Lewis) and one random-bred strain (Wistar). The mean serum cholesterol levels at each age differed among strains. Serum cholesterol levels (mg/100 ml) for male rats at 30, 60, and 90 days were: BN-65, 46, and 47; DA-105, 85, and 101; Lewis-79, 76, and 57; and Wistar-64, 63, and 73. For female rats the values were: BN-56, 45, and 47; DA-86, 74, and 91; Lewis-77, 83, and 67; and Wistar-59, 71, and 83. The variation of serum cholesterol with age was different between strains, but similar for males and females within each strain. There was no correlation between body weight and serum cholesterol. Liver cholesterol levels (mg/100 g) determined at 90 days were, for the males, BN-187, DA-233, Lewis-247, and Wistar-300, and for the females, BN-188, DA-244, Lewis-216, and Wistar-249. No correlation with body weight or serum cholesterol was observed.

Suppression of hepatic cholesterogenesis in the rat by lithium ion

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Leal ◽  
M. L. M. Lyra
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Mevalonic Acid ◽  
Liver Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Cholesterol Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Ion Incorporation ◽  
Hepatic Cholesterogenesis

The effects of lithium ion on the rates of incorporation of acetate-1-14C and mevalonic-2-14C acid into cholesterol, on 14CO2 production and acetoacetate formation from carboxyl-labeled acetate, on serum and liver cholesterol levels, and on the acetate-activating system were studied in rat liver.It has been found that while the incorporation of labeled acetate into cholesterol was strongly suppressed by lithium ion, incorporation of mevalonate into cholesterol under the same conditions was virtually unchanged. It thus appears that lithium ion produces its effect prior to the formation of mevalonic acid in the pathway of cholesterol biosynthesis.Liver cholesterol levels are practically unchanged after 4 weeks' treatment with lithium chloride while serum cholesterol, under the same conditions, appears to be slightly increased in the treated animals. 14CO2 production and acetoacetate formation from carboxyl-labeled acetate, and the acetate-activating system of rat liver appear to be slightly impaired by lithium ion. The possibility of the existence of more than one block between acetate and mevalonic acid on the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway is discussed.

Effect of chlorophenoxyisobutyrate on rat liver non-saponifiables

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. J. Phillips ◽  
M. R. Lakshmanan ◽  
R. L. Brien
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Liver Cholesterol ◽  
Total Liver ◽  
Cholesterol Levels

Chlorophenoxyisobutyrate (CPIB) when fed in the diet at 0.2% for periods of from 3 to 25 days increased liver weight by 28% and increased total liver ubiquinones by 75%. This increase did not change succinate-neotetrazolium reductase activity. Although serum cholesterol levels were significantly reduced, no changes were observed in total liver cholesterol or vitamin A. The data suggest that this hypocholesterolemic agent, although it increases ubiquinone, does not adversely affect the above enzyme activity nor does it modify vitamin A utilization as determined from liver stores.

PYRIDOXINE DEFICIENCY AND CHOLESTEROGENESIS IN THE CHICK

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 1161-1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Lupien ◽  
B. B. Migicovsky
Keyword(s):  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Liver Cholesterol ◽  
Acetate Incorporation ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Pyridoxine Deficiency ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Normal States ◽  
Elevated Serum Cholesterol

Physiological disturbances common to B6 avitaminosis were clearly manifested when 3-day-old chicks were fed a pyridoxine-deficient diet for 8 days. Body and liver weights were depressed but were restored to quasi-normal states after 4 days of pyridoxine supplementation (3 mg/lb diet). The elevated serum cholesterol levels observed were the result of a failure of this parameter to fall at the rate characteristic of a well-fed bird and not to a specific elevation of the serum cholesterol above the starting conditions. Liver cholesterol levels were unaffected by the hypovitaminosis. Pyridoxine supplementation rapidly re-established normal serum cholesterol levels.The significant depression of C14-acetate incorporation into liver and serum cholesterol of 7-day-old pyridoxine-deficient chicks was maintained for the next 8 days. Mevalonate-2-C14 incorporation into liver cholesterol was not significantly depressed by the hypovitaminosis at any time during the study. Unlike the controls, mevalonate-2-C14 incorporation into serum cholesterol was significantly lowered in the 11-day-old pyridoxine-deficient chicks, but not at any other time during the study.The significance of these findings and the possible relationship between these factors are discussed.

EFFECT OF DEUTECTOMY ON LEVELS OF BLOOD AND LIVER CHOLESTEROL AND ON THE INCORPORATION OF ACETATE AND MEVALONATE INTO LIVER CHOLESTEROL BY THE CHICK

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Lupien ◽  
B. B. Migicovsky
Keyword(s):  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Cholesterol Level ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Liver Cholesterol ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Acetate Incorporation ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Lowered Serum

The serum cholesterol level and the degree of incorporation of C14-acetate and C14-mevalonate into liver cholesterol has been studied in normal and deutectomized chicks.Serum and liver cholesterol levels in normal chicks decreased rapidly between 3 days and 5 days after hatching, and at 9 days of age the quantity of cholesterol stabilized at levels comparable to those of mature birds.Deutectomy significantly lowered serum cholesterol levels of the 5-day-old chicks but did not affect liver cholesterol levels.High levels of liver cholesterol in the 3-day-old chicks did not totally depress C14-acetate incorporation. Minimal C14-acetate incorporation was obtained when the chicks were 5 days of age and maximal incorporation occurred on the 15th day following hatching. C14-mevalonate incorporation into liver cholesterol was observed to be minimal when the chicks were 3 days of age and maximal when the chicks were 12 days of age.It is suggested that the chick might prove to be of value for the study of the control mechanisms in cholesterol metabolism.

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