scholarly journals Integrative Analyses of mRNA Expression Profile Reveal SOCS2 and CISH Play Important Roles in GHR Mutation-Induced Excessive Abdominal Fat Deposition in the Sex-Linked Dwarf Chicken

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genghua Chen ◽  
Jiahui Chen ◽  
Jingwen Wu ◽  
Xueyi Ren ◽  
Limin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Droplet ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Recessive Mutation ◽  
Regulatory Pathways ◽  
Key Genes ◽  
Abdominal Fat Deposition

Sex-linked dwarf (SLD) chicken, which is caused by a recessive mutation of the growth hormone receptor (GHR), has been widely used in the Chinese broiler industry. However, it has been found that the SLD chicken has more abdominal fat deposition than normal chicken. Excessive fat deposition not only reduced the carcass quality of the broilers but also reduced the immunity of broilers to diseases. To find out the key genes and the precise regulatory pathways that were involved in the GHR mutation-induced excessive fat deposition, we used high-fat diet (HFD) and normal diet to feed the SLD chicken and normal chicken and analyzed the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among the four groups. Results showed that the SLD chicken had more abdominal fat deposition and larger adipocytes size than normal chicken and HFD can promote abdominal fat deposition and induce adipocyte hypertrophy. RNA sequencing results of the livers and abdominal fats from the above chickens revealed that many DEGs between the SLD and normal chickens were enriched in fat metabolic pathways, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling, extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor pathway, and fatty acid metabolism. Importantly, by constructing and analyzing the GHR-downstream regulatory network, we found that suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2) and cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein (CISH) may involve in the GHR mutation-induced abdominal fat deposition in chicken. The ectopic expression of SOCS2 and CISH in liver-related cell line leghorn strain M chicken hepatoma (LMH) cell and immortalized chicken preadipocytes (ICP) revealed that these two genes can regulate fatty acid metabolism, adipocyte differentiation, and lipid droplet accumulation. Notably, overexpression of SOCS2 and CISH can rescue the hyperactive lipid metabolism and excessive lipid droplet accumulation of primary liver cell and preadipocytes that were isolated from the SLD chicken. This study found some genes and pathways involved in abdominal fat deposition of the SLD chicken and reveals that SOCS2 and CISH are two key genes involved in the GHR mutation-induced excessive fat deposition of the SLD chicken.

scholarly journals Redox, amino acid, and fatty acid metabolism intersect with bacterial virulence in the gut

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (45) ◽  
pp. E10712-E10719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reed Pifer ◽  
Regan M. Russell ◽  
Aman Kumar ◽  
Meredith M. Curtis ◽  
Vanessa Sperandio
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Feedback Mechanism ◽  
Regulatory Pathways ◽  
Successful Infection ◽  
Cellular Circuits

The gut metabolic landscape is complex and is influenced by the microbiota, host physiology, and enteric pathogens. Pathogens have to exquisitely monitor the biogeography of the gastrointestinal tract to find a suitable niche for colonization. To dissect the important metabolic pathways that influence virulence of enterohemorrhagicEscherichia coli(EHEC), we conducted a high-throughput screen. We generated a dataset of regulatory pathways that control EHEC virulence expression under anaerobic conditions. This unraveled that the cysteine-responsive regulator, CutR, converges with the YhaO serine import pump and the fatty acid metabolism regulator FadR to optimally control virulence expression in EHEC. CutR activates expression of YhaO to increase activity of the YhaJ transcription factor that has been previously shown to directly activate the EHEC virulence genes. CutR enhances FadL, which is a pump for fatty acids that represses inhibition of virulence expression by FadR, unmasking a feedback mechanism responsive to metabolite fluctuations. Moreover, CutR and FadR also augment murine infection byCitrobacter rodentium, which is a murine pathogen extensively employed as a surrogate animal model for EHEC. This high-throughput approach proved to be a powerful tool to map the web of cellular circuits that allows an enteric pathogen to monitor the gut environment and adjust the levels of expression of its virulence repertoire toward successful infection of the host.

scholarly journals Myostatin regulates fatty acid desaturation and fat deposition through MEF2C/miR222/SCD5 cascade in pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyan Ren ◽  
Wei Xiao ◽  
Xingliang Qin ◽  
Gangzhi Cai ◽  
Hao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Binding Prediction ◽  
Stearoyl Coa Desaturase

Abstract Myostatin (MSTN), associated with the “double muscling” phenotype, affects muscle growth and fat deposition in animals, whereas how MSTN affects adipogenesis remains to be discovered. Here we show that MSTN can act through the MEF2C/miR222/SCD5 cascade to regulate fatty acid metabolism. We generated MSTN-knockout (KO) cloned Meishan pigs, which exhibits typical double muscling trait. We then sequenced transcriptome of subcutaneous fat tissues of wild-type (WT) and MSTN-KO pigs, and intersected the differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs to predict that stearoyl-CoA desaturase 5 (SCD5) is targeted by miR222. Transcription factor binding prediction showed that myogenic transcription factor 2C (MEF2C) potentially binds to the miR222 promoter. We hypothesized that MSTN-KO upregulates MEF2C and consequently increases the miR222 expression, which in turn targets SCD5 to suppress its translation. Biochemical, molecular and cellular experiments verified the existence of the cascade. This novel molecular pathway sheds light on new targets for genetic improvements in pigs.

scholarly journals Identification of differentially expressed genes and pathways between intramuscular and abdominal fat-derived preadipocyte differentiation of chickens in vitro

BMC Genomics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Fang Li ◽  
Xiang-fei Ma ◽  
Wen-ting Li ◽  
Rui-rui Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Adipogenic Differentiation ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Receptor Interaction ◽  
Preadipocyte Differentiation ◽  
Factors Affecting

Abstract Background The distribution and deposition of fat tissue in different parts of the body are the key factors affecting the carcass quality and meat flavour of chickens. Intramuscular fat (IMF) content is an important factor associated with meat quality, while abdominal fat (AbF) is regarded as one of the main factors affecting poultry slaughter efficiency. To investigate the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and molecular regulatory mechanisms related to adipogenic differentiation between IMF- and AbF-derived preadipocytes, we analysed the mRNA expression profiles in preadipocytes (0d, Pre-) and adipocytes (10d, Ad-) from IMF and AbF of Gushi chickens. Results AbF-derived preadipocytes exhibited a higher adipogenic differentiation ability (96.4% + 0.6) than IMF-derived preadipocytes (86.0% + 0.4) (p < 0.01). By Ribo-Zero RNA sequencing, we obtained 4403 (2055 upregulated and 2348 downregulated) and 4693 (2797 upregulated and 1896 downregulated) DEGs between preadipocytes and adipocytes in the IMF and Ad groups, respectively. For IMF-derived preadipocyte differentiation, pathways related to the PPAR signalling pathway, ECM-receptor interaction and focal adhesion pathway were significantly enriched. For AbF-derived preadipocyte differentiation, the steroid biosynthesis pathways, calcium signaling pathway and ECM-receptor interaction pathway were significantly enriched. A large number of DEGs related to lipid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism and preadipocyte differentiation, such as PPARG, ACSBG2, FABP4, FASN, APOA1 and INSIG1, were identified in our study. Conclusion This study revealed large transcriptomic differences between IMF- and AbF-derived preadipocyte differentiation. A large number of DEGs and transcription factors that were closely related to fatty acid metabolism, lipid metabolism and preadipocyte differentiation were identified in the present study. Additionally, the microenvironment of IMF- and AbF-derived preadipocyte may play a significant role in adipogenic differentiation. This study provides valuable evidence to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying adipogenesis and fat deposition in chickens.

scholarly journals Protein Arginine Methyltransferase PRMT5 Regulates Fatty Acid Metabolism and Lipid Droplet Biogenesis in White Adipose Tissues

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (23) ◽  
pp. 2002602
Author(s):  
Zhihao Jia ◽  
Feng Yue ◽  
Xiyue Chen ◽  
Naagarajan Narayanan ◽  
Jiamin Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Droplet ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Protein Arginine Methyltransferase ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
Arginine Methyltransferase

scholarly journals Lipid droplet‐dependent fatty acid metabolism controls the immune suppressive phenotype of tumor‐associated macrophages

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Wu ◽  
Yijie Han ◽  
Yasmina Rodriguez Sillke ◽  
Hongzhang Deng ◽  
Sophiya Siddiqui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Droplet ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Tumor Associated Macrophages ◽  
Suppressive Phenotype

scholarly journals Integrative analysis of circRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs profiles to reveal ceRNAs networks in chicken intramuscular and abdominal adipogenesis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Yu Han ◽  
Yanhui Zhai ◽  
Xiangfei Ma ◽  
Xinglan An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Adipogenic Differentiation ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Functional Roles

Abstract Background: Tissue-specific fat deposition is regulated by a series of complex regulatory mechanisms. Reports indicate that epigenetic regulators, such as circular RNAs (circRNAs), are crucial in diseases progression, animal development, metabolism, and adipogenesis. In this study, to assess the functional roles of circRNAs in adipogenesis and tissue-specific fat deposition, we comprehensively analyzed the Ribo-Zero RNA-Seq and miRNAs data during chicken intramuscular and abdominal adipogenic differentiation. Results: circRNAs and miRNAs profiles during chicken adipogenic differentiation were found in adipocytes derived from various adipose tissues. It was also discovered that high levels of downregulated miRNAs potentially promote adipogenesis by activating their target genes which are associated with fatty acid metabolism and adipogenic differentiation. Through analysis of the correlation between the expression levels of circRNAs and adipogenic genes, as well as the dynamic expression patterns of circRNAs during adipogenic differentiation, several candidate circRNAs were identified. Moreover, competing endogenous RNA (ceRNAs) networks were constructed during chicken intramuscular and abdominal adipogenesis by combining miRNAs with mRNAs data. Several candidate circRNAs potentially influence adipogenesis by regulating miRNAs via PPAR and fatty acid metabolism-related pathways were identified, such as circLCLAT1, circFNDC3AL, circCLEC19A and circARMH1. Conclusion: In conclusion, our findings reveal that circRNAs and the circRNA-miRNAs-mRNAs-ceRNAs network may play important roles in chicken adipocytes differentiation and tissue-specific fat deposition.

scholarly journals Integrated transcriptome and proteome analysis reveals potential mechanisms for differential abdominal fat deposition between divergently selected chicken lines

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijian Wang ◽  
Li Leng ◽  
Ran Ding ◽  
Pengfei Gong ◽  
Chang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Proteome Analysis ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Abdominal Fat Deposition

Abstract Background: Genetic selection for meat production performance of broilers concomitantly causes excessive abdominal fat deposition, accompanied by several adverse effects, such as the reduction of feed conversion efficiency and reproduction performance. Our previous studies have identified important genes regulating chicken fat deposition, using the Northeast Agricultural University broiler lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content (NEAUHLF) as an animal model. However, the molecular mechanism underlying fat deposition differences between fat and lean broilers remains largely unknown. Results: Here, we integrated the transcriptome (RNA-Seq) and quantitative proteome (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation, iTRAQ) profiling analyses on abdominal fat tissues from NEAUHLF chicken lines. Differentially expressed genes (2167 DEGs, FDR < 0.01) and proteins (199 DEPs, FDR < 0.05) were identified in lean line compare to fat line, and down-regulated DEGs and DEPs mainly enriched in pathways related to fatty acid metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, and PPAR signaling; and numerous up-regulated DEGs and DEPs both enriched in lysosome pathway. Moreover, several key DEGs and DEPs involved in long-chain fatty acid uptake, in situ lipogenesis (fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis), and lipid droplets accumulation were discovered after integrated transcriptome and proteome analysis. Conclusions: Together, our findings provided a novel insight into abdominal fat content discrepancy between the fat and lean chicken lines.

scholarly journals Integrated transcriptome and proteome analysis reveals potential mechanisms for differential abdominal fat deposition between divergently selected chicken lines

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijian Wang ◽  
Li Leng ◽  
Ran Ding ◽  
Pengfei Gong ◽  
Chang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Proteome Analysis ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Abdominal Fat Deposition

Abstract Background: Genetic selection for meat production performance of broilers concomitantly causes excessive abdominal fat deposition, accompanied by several adverse effects, such as the reduction of feed conversion efficiency and reproduction performance. Our previous studies have identified important genes regulating chicken fat deposition, using the Northeast Agricultural University broiler lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content (NEAUHLF) as an animal model. However, the molecular mechanism underlying fat deposition differences between fat and lean broilers remains largely unknown.Results: Here, we integrated the transcriptome (RNA-Seq) and quantitative proteome (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation, iTRAQ) profiling analyses on abdominal fat tissues from NEAUHLF chicken lines. Differentially expressed genes (466 DEGs) and proteins (231 DEPs) were identified, and enriched in pathways related to fatty acid metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid metabolism, and PPAR signaling, and in pathways mainly involved in protein processing, endocytosis and lipid metabolism, respectively. Moreover, several key DEGs and DEPs involved in long-chain fatty acid uptake, in situ lipogenesis (fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis), and lipid droplets accumulation were discovered, and most of them were up-regulated in the fat line, after integrated transcriptome and proteome analysis.Conclusions: Together, our findings provided a novel insight into abdominal fat content discrepancy between the fat and lean chicken lines.

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