scholarly journals NILs of Cold Tolerant Japonica Cultivar Exhibited New QTLs for Mineral Elements in Rice

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Kazim Ali ◽  
Zheng-Hai Sun ◽  
Xiao-Meng Yang ◽  
Xiao-Ying Pu ◽  
Cheng-Li Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
P Element ◽  
Booting Stage ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Selection Of

Chilling stress at booting stage can cause floret deterioration and sterility by limiting the supply of food chain and the accumulation of essential mineral elements resulting in reduction of yield and grain quality attributes in rice. Genomic selection of chilling tolerant rice with reference to the accumulation of mineral elements will have great potential to cope with malnutrition and food security in times of climate change. Therefore, a study was conducted to explore the genomic determinants of cold tolerance and mineral elements content in near-isogenic lines (NILs) of japonica rice subjected to chilling stress at flowering stage. Detailed morphological analysis followed by quantitative analysis of 17 mineral elements revealed that the content of phosphorus (P, 3,253 mg/kg) and potassium (K, 2,485 mg/kg) were highest while strontium (Sr, 0.26 mg/kg) and boron (B, 0.34 mg/kg) were lowest among the mineral elements. The correlation analysis revealed extremely positive correlation of phosphorus (P) and copper (Cu) with most of the cold tolerance traits. Among all the effective ear and the second leaf length correlation was significant with half of the mineral elements. As a result of comparative analysis, some QTLs (qBRCC-1, qBRCIC-2, qBRZC-6, qBRCHC-6, qBRMC-6, qBRCIC-6a, qBRCIC-6b, qBRCHC-6, and qBRMC-6) identified for calcium (Ca), zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr) and magnesium (Mg) on chromosome number 1, 2, and 6 while, a novel QTL (qBCPC-1) was identified on chromosome number 1 for P element only. These findings provided bases for the identification of candidate genes involved in mineral accumulation and cold tolerance in rice at booting stage.

scholarly journals Detection of QTLs for cold tolerance at the booting stage in near-isogenic lines derived from rice landrace Lijiangxintuanheigu

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Yang Shu Ming ◽  
Zhang Su Hua ◽  
Yang Tao ◽  
Wang Li
Keyword(s):  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Interval Mapping ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Booting Stage ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Cold Sensitive ◽  
Inclusive Composite Interval Mapping ◽  
Rice Landrace ◽  
Best Linear Unbiased

Chilling damage significantly reduces grain yield in rice, while exploring major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) has the potential to improve rice production. Mapping of QTLs for 5 cold tolerance-related traits at the booting stage was conducted with SSR markers and inclusive composite interval mapping (ICIM) approach, based on 105 near-isogenic lines derived from a backcross between Lijiangxintuanheigu (LTH, cold-tolerant landrace) and Towada (cold-sensitive cultivar). Phenotype values were investigated under five cold-stress environments and analysed by the best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP). Twenty-one QTLs were identified on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 10 and 11, and the amount of variation (R<sup>2</sup>) explained by each QTL ranged from 7.71 to 29.66%, with five co-located QTL regions. Eight novel major loci (qSF-2, qSF-6a, qSF-7, qGW-6, qDGWP-4, qDSWPP-4, qDWPP-1 and qDWPP-4b) were detected in several environments and BLUP, and their alleles were contributed by LTH with R<sup>2 </sup>variance from 12.24 to 29.66%. These favourable QTLs would facilitate elucidation of the genetic mechanism of cold tolerance and provide strategies for breeding high-productive rice.    

scholarly journals The Methylation Patterns and Transcriptional Responses to Chilling Stress at the Seedling Stage in Rice

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (20) ◽  
pp. 5089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Guo ◽  
Tingkai Wu ◽  
Shuxing Li ◽  
Qiang He ◽  
Zhanlie Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Cold Tolerant

Chilling stress is considered the major abiotic stress affecting the growth, development, and yield of rice. To understand the transcriptomic responses and methylation regulation of rice in response to chilling stress, we analyzed a cold-tolerant variety of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. P427). The physiological properties, transcriptome, and methylation of cold-tolerant P427 seedlings under low-temperature stress (2–3 °C) were investigated. We found that P427 exhibited enhanced tolerance to low temperature, likely via increasing antioxidant enzyme activity and promoting the accumulation of abscisic acid (ABA). The Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation Sequencing (MeDIP-seq) data showed that the number of methylation-altered genes was highest in P427 (5496) and slightly lower in Nipponbare (Nip) and 9311 (4528 and 3341, respectively), and only 2.7% (292) of methylation genes were detected as common differentially methylated genes (DMGs) related to cold tolerance in the three varieties. Transcriptome analyses revealed that 1654 genes had specifically altered expression in P427 under cold stress. These genes mainly belonged to transcription factor families, such as Myeloblastosis (MYB), APETALA2/ethylene-responsive element binding proteins (AP2-EREBP), NAM-ATAF-CUC (NAC) and WRKY. Fifty-one genes showed simultaneous methylation and expression level changes. Quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) results showed that genes involved in the ICE (inducer of CBF expression)-CBF (C-repeat binding factor)—COR (cold-regulated) pathway were highly expressed under cold stress, including the WRKY genes. The homologous gene Os03g0610900 of the open stomatal 1 (OST1) in rice was obtained by evolutionary tree analysis. Methylation in Os03g0610900 gene promoter region decreased, and the expression level of Os03g0610900 increased, suggesting that cold stress may lead to demethylation and increased gene expression of Os03g0610900. The ICE-CBF-COR pathway plays a vital role in the cold tolerance of the rice cultivar P427. Overall, this study demonstrates the differences in methylation and gene expression levels of P427 in response to low-temperature stress, providing a foundation for further investigations of the relationship between environmental stress, DNA methylation, and gene expression in rice.

Rice-cold tolerance across reproductive stages

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 823 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Mitchell ◽  
S. L. Zulkafli ◽  
J. Bosse ◽  
B. Campbell ◽  
P. Snell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Spikelet Sterility ◽  
Booting Stage ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Tolerance Response ◽  
F2 Generation

Cold temperature stress at the reproductive stage, particularly at booting and flowering stages can cause significant reductions in rice (Oryza sativa L.) yield particularly at high latitudes and elevation. Although genotypic variation for cold tolerance is known to exist, the tolerance mechanisms and genotypic consistency across the stages are yet to be understood for segregating populations. Three experiments were conducted under controlled temperature glasshouse conditions to determine floral characteristics that were associated with cold tolerance at the flowering stage and to determine genotypic consistency at the booting and flowering stages. Twenty F5 Reiziq × Lijiangheigu lines from two extreme phenotypic bulks selected for cold tolerance at booting stage in the F2 generation were utilised. Spikelet sterility under cold stress at booting was significantly correlated with spikelet sterility under cold stress at flowering (r = 0.62**) with five lines identified as cold tolerant across reproductive stages. There was also a positive correlation (r = 0.47*) between spikelet sterility under cold stress at booting at the F5 and at the F2 generation. The quantitative trait loci (QTL; qLTSPKST10.1) previously identified on chromosome 10 contributing to spikelet sterility within the F2 generation, was also identified in the F5 generation. Additionally, genomic regions displaying significant segregation between the progenies contrasting for their cold tolerance response phenotype were identified on chromosomes 5 and 7 with Lijiangheigu as allelic donor and an estimated reduction in spikelet sterility of 25% and 27%, respectively. Although genotypic variation in spikelet sterility at the booting stage was not related to the development rate for heading or flowering, those cold-tolerant genotypes at the flowering stage were the quickest to complete flowering. Cold-tolerant genotypes at the flowering stage had larger numbers of dehisced anthers and subsequently pollen number on stigma, which contributed to reduced spikelet sterility. It is concluded that enhanced anther dehiscence plays a significant role in improved cold tolerance at the flowering stage.

scholarly journals Near-Isogenic Lines of Japonica Rice Revealed New QTLs for Cold Tolerance at Booting Stage

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenghai Sun ◽  
Juan Du ◽  
Xiaoying Pu ◽  
Muhammad Kazim Ali ◽  
Xiaomeng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Mixed Linear Model ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Booting Stage ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Cold Tolerant

Low temperature stress severely hampers rice productivity, and hence elaborating chilling-mediated physiochemical alterations and unravelling cold tolerance pathways will facilitate cold resilient rice breeding. Various cold tolerant Near-isogenic lines (NILs) selected at the booting stage through backcrossing of a japonica landrace Lijing2 (cold tolerant) with cold sensitive Towada (a japonica cultivar). The cold tolerance attributes of NILs was validated over two years by evaluating the spikelet fertility followed by correlation of nineteen morphological traits with the rate of seed setting (RSS). Results revealed BG, FG, 1-2IL, RSLL, and UIL were significantly correlated with RSS and had nearer marker interval distance with cold tolerance in QTL analysis. Two QTLs, qCTB-7-a and qCTB-7-b, were found for RSS based on a mixed linear model. Alleles of two QTLs were contributed by Lijing2 and genetic distances between the peaks were 0.00 and 0.06cM, which explained 5.70% and 8.36% variation, respectively, One QTL for 1-2IL, RSLL, and ILBS, while two QTLs for FG, BG, and UIL were also identified. These findings can be exploited to engineer low temperature stress tolerant rice in times of climate change.

PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON THE COLD TOLERANCE OF SOYBEAN SEEDLINGS

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. LITTLEJOHNS ◽  
J. W. TANNER
Keyword(s):  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Growth Analysis ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Soybean Seedlings ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Selection Of

Emergence experiments were conducted on 32 soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) cultivars at a 2.5-cm depth in Guelph loam soil at 10, 20 and 30 C. Differences in emergence were found among cultivars at 10 C but not at 20 and 30 C. Results of the emergence experiment at 10 C permitted classification of cultivars into cold tolerant, intermediate and intolerant groupings. There was no close relationship between maturity group and degree of cold tolerance. Differences in speed of germination were found among cultivars at 10 C. A correlation coefficient (r = +0.616) between germination and emergence indicates that germination at 10 C would be effective in the selection of cold tolerant types. Growth analysis studies on seedlings up to the unifoliolate leaf stage showed that cold tolerant cultivars had a higher fresh weight at a specific age at 10 C. This was attributed to the faster emergence of the cold tolerant cultivars.

scholarly journals Integrated Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Analysis Reveal Key Metabolism Pathways Contributing to Cold Tolerance in Peanut

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
Yue Liu ◽  
Zhongkui Han ◽  
Yuning Chen ◽  
Dongxin Huai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Gene Networks ◽  
Cold Resistance ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Accumulation Pattern ◽  
Cold Tolerant

Low temperature (non-freezing) is one of the major limiting factors in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) growth, yield, and geographic distribution. Due to the complexity of cold-resistance trait in peanut, the molecular mechanism of cold tolerance and related gene networks were largely unknown. In this study, metabolomic analysis of two peanut cultivars subjected to chilling stress obtained a set of cold-responsive metabolites, including several carbohydrates and polyamines. These substances showed a higher accumulation pattern in cold-tolerant variety SLH than cold-susceptible variety ZH12 under cold stress, indicating their importance in protecting peanut from chilling injuries. In addition, 3,620 cold tolerance genes (CTGs) were identified by transcriptome sequencing, and the CTGs were most significantly enriched in the “phenylpropanoid biosynthesis” pathway. Two vital modules and several novel hub genes were obtained by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Several key genes involved in soluble sugar, polyamine, and G-lignin biosynthetic pathways were substantially higher and/or responded more quickly in SLH (cold tolerant) than ZH12 (cold susceptible) under low temperature, suggesting they might be crucial contributors during the adaptation of peanut to low temperature. These findings will not only provide valuable resources for study of cold resistance in peanut but also lay a foundation for genetic modification of cold regulators to enhance stress tolerance in crops.

Seasonal variations of cold tolerance in intertidal mollusks and relation to environmental conditions in the St. Lawrence Estuary

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 1193-1201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Bourget
Keyword(s):  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Macoma Balthica ◽  
Mya Arenaria ◽  
Tidal Period ◽  
Lawrence Estuary ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
St Lawrence Estuary ◽  
Large Adult ◽  
Selection Of

Seasonal variations of cold tolerance of Mytilus edulis, Mya arenaria, Macoma balthica, and Acmaea testudinalis were examined. The lower median lethal temperature (MLT) of all species was low throughout the year, with reduced seasonal variation. High MLT values, between −10 and −15 °C, were observed for Acmaea testudinalis and Mya arenaria, while low values, between −12.5 and −20 °C, were observed for Macoma and Mytilus. Seasonal variations of MLT are partly explained by the seasonal variations of water salinity. Small (juveniles) Mytilus, Mya, and Macoma showed less cold tolerance than large (adult) Mytilus, Mya, and Macoma (MLT between −8.0 and −12.5 °C). The possibility of genetic adaptation due to the selection of cold tolerant individuals is discussed. Cold tolerance determinations of animals subjected to cyclic emersions of various durations to a "sublethal" temperature of −8 °C every 12.4 h (one tidal period) showed a cumulative and significant effect of repeated mild cold stress. The ecological significance of the results is discussed in relation to the conditions prevailing along the shores of the St. Lawrence Estuary.

Optimising the A/O cycle for phosphorus removal in a submerged biofilter under continuous feed

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 503-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.F. Gonçalves ◽  
F. Rogalla
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Organic Substrate ◽  
P Element ◽  
Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
P Release ◽  
Continuous Feed ◽  
Biological Phosphorus ◽  
Total P ◽  
Selection Of

This work describes laboratory scale research about Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal (EBPR) in a submerged biofilter under Anaerobic/Oxic (A/O) alternation and continuous feed. Its main purpose is to detail the behaviour of the reactor throughout the anaerobic and the aerobic phases of the A/O cycle, to study the importance of the anaerobic phase in the selection of the EBPR bacteria in the biofilm and to evaluate the consumption and the importance of the organic substrate during the anaerobic phase. The mass balance over the Phosphorus (P) element indicates that long anaerobic phases (6 h) are more efficient than short ones (3 h) as a selector of EBPR bacteria in biofilms. In both comparisons, thespecific mass of P released in a 6 h period represents almost 50% more than the amount of P release in the shorter period (3 h). However, the presence of rapidly biodegradable COD in the influent of the anaerobic phase is a more effective selector, more important than the duration of the anaerobic phase: by doubling the amount of acetic acid in the influent, a similar 50% increase of P-release can be achieved at short anaerobic periods of 3 h. The effect of the strategy adopted in this study, focusing on selecting EBPR bacteria in biofilm, is shown by the P levels of 4% (total P/SST) in the sludge removed from the BF by backwashing in all periods.

scholarly journals MaMAPK3-MaICE1-MaPOD P7 pathway, a positive regulator of cold tolerance in banana

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Gao ◽  
Tongxin Dou ◽  
Weidi He ◽  
Ou Sheng ◽  
Fangcheng Bi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Molecular Breeding ◽  
Cold Resistance ◽  
Oxidoreductase Activity ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Cavendish Banana ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Necrotic Symptoms

Abstract Background Banana is a tropical fruit with a high economic impact worldwide. Cold stress greatly affects the development and production of banana. Results In the present study, we investigated the functions of MaMAPK3 and MaICE1 involved in cold tolerance of banana. The effect of RNAi of MaMAPK3 on Dajiao (Musa spp. ‘Dajiao’; ABB Group) cold tolerance was evaluated. The leaves of the MaMAPK3 RNAi transgenic plants showed wilting and severe necrotic symptoms, while the wide-type (WT) plants remained normal after cold exposure. RNAi of MaMAPK3 significantly changed the expressions of the cold-responsive genes, and the oxidoreductase activity was significantly changed in WT plants, while no changes in transgenic plants were observed. MaICE1 interacted with MaMAPK3, and the expression level of MaICE1 was significantly decreased in MaMAPK3 RNAi transgenic plants. Over-expression of MaICE1 in Cavendish banana (Musa spp. AAA group) indicated that the cold resistance of transgenic plants was superior to that of the WT plants. The POD P7 gene was significantly up-regulated in MaICE1-overexpressing transgenic plants compared with WT plants, and the POD P7 was proved to interact with MaICE1. Conclusions Taken together, our work provided new and solid evidence that MaMAPK3-MaICE1-MaPOD P7 pathway positively improved the cold tolerance in monocotyledon banana, shedding light on molecular breeding for the cold-tolerant banana or other agricultural species.

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