scholarly journals Type 3 Innate Lymphoid Cells as Regulators of the Host-Pathogen Interaction

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Valle-Noguera ◽  
Anne Ochoa-Ramos ◽  
Maria José Gomez-Sánchez ◽  
Aranzazu Cruz-Adalia
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Intracellular Pathogens ◽  
Host Pathogen Interaction ◽  
Type 3

Type 3 Innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) have been described as tissue-resident cells and characterized throughout the body, especially in mucosal sites and classical first barrier organs such as skin, gut and lungs, among others. A significant part of the research has focused on their role in combating pathogens, mainly extracellular pathogens, with the gut as the principal organ. However, some recent discoveries in the field have unveiled their activity in other organs, combating intracellular pathogens and as part of the response to viruses. In this review we have compiled the latest studies on the role of ILC3s and the molecular mechanisms involved in defending against different microbes at the mucosal surface, most of these studies have made use of conditional transgenic mice. The present review therefore attempts to provide an overview of the function of ILC3s in infections throughout the body, focusing on their specific activity in different organs.

scholarly journals c-Maf restrains T-bet-driven programming of CCR6-negative group 3 innate lymphoid cells

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Tizian ◽  
Annette Lahmann ◽  
Oliver Hölsken ◽  
Catalina Cosovanu ◽  
Michael Kofoed-Branzk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Signature Genes ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Differentiation Status ◽  
Type 3

RORγt+ group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) maintain intestinal homeostasis through secretion of type 3 cytokines such as interleukin (IL)−17 and IL-22. However, CCR6- ILC3s additionally co-express T-bet allowing for the acquisition of type 1 effector functions. While T-bet controls the type 1 programming of ILC3s, the molecular mechanisms governing T-bet are undefined. Here, we identify c-Maf as a crucial negative regulator of murine T-bet+ CCR6- ILC3s. Phenotypic and transcriptomic profiling of c-Maf-deficient CCR6- ILC3s revealed a hyper type 1 differentiation status, characterized by overexpression of ILC1/NK cell-related genes and downregulation of type 3 signature genes. On the molecular level, c-Maf directly restrained T-bet expression. Conversely, c-Maf expression was dependent on T-bet and regulated by IL-1β, IL-18 and Notch signals. Thus, we define c-Maf as a crucial cell-intrinsic brake in the type 1 effector acquisition which forms a negative feedback loop with T-bet to preserve the identity of CCR6- ILC3s.

A pro-inflammatory role of type 2 innate lymphoid cells in murine immune-mediated hepatitis

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Karimi ◽  
K Neumann ◽  
J Meiners ◽  
R Voetlause ◽  
W Dammermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Immune Mediated

scholarly journals Type 3 innate lymphoid cells induce proliferation of CD94+ natural killer cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 1156-1159.e7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuo Li ◽  
Hideaki Morita ◽  
Beate Rückert ◽  
Tadech Boonpiyathad ◽  
Avidan Neumann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Killer Cells ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Killer Cells ◽  
Type 3

scholarly journals Localization and site-specific cell–cell interactions of group 2 innate lymphoid cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiniwa Tsuyoshi ◽  
Kazuyo Moro
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Production ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cell Interactions ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Cell Cell

Abstract Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are novel lymphocytes discovered in 2010. Unlike T or B cells, ILC2s are activated nonspecifically by environmental factors and produce various cytokines, thus playing a role in tissue homeostasis, diseases including allergic diseases, and parasite elimination. ILC2s were first reported as cells abundantly present in fat-associated lymphoid clusters in adipose tissue. However, subsequent studies revealed their presence in various tissues throughout the body, acting as key players in tissue-specific diseases. Recent histologic analyses revealed that ILC2s are concentrated in specific regions in tissues, such as the lamina propria and perivascular regions, with their function being controlled by the surrounding cells, such as epithelial cells and other immune cells, via cytokine and lipid production or by cell–cell interactions through surface molecules. Especially, some stromal cells are identified as the niche cells for ILC2s, both in the steady state and under inflammatory conditions, through the production of IL-33 or extracellular-matrix factors. Additionally, peripheral neurons reportedly co-localize with ILC2s and alter their function directly through neurotransmitters. These findings suggest that the different localizations or different cell–cell interactions might affect the function of ILC2s. Furthermore, generally, ILC2s are thought to be tissue-resident cells; however, they occasionally migrate to other tissues and perform a new role; this supports the importance of the microenvironment for their function. We summarize here the current understanding of how the microenvironment controls ILC2 localization and function with the aim of promoting the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic methods.

scholarly journals The role of donor‐unrestricted T‐cells, innate lymphoid cells, and NK cells in anti‐mycobacterial immunity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Ruibal ◽  
Linda Voogd ◽  
Simone A. Joosten ◽  
Tom H. M. Ottenhoff
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells

scholarly journals THIOZOLIDINEDIONES IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH EXTENSIVE PSORIASIS AND CONCOMITANT ALIMENTARY OBESITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Ya.O. Yemchenko ◽  
K.Ye. Ishcheikin ◽  
I.P. Kaidashev
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Current Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Single View ◽  
Multifactorial Diseases ◽  
Alimentary Obesity ◽  
Inflammatory Processes

Psoriasis is one of the most common chronic recurrent systemic autoimmune multifactorial diseases, affected the skin, joints, internal organs and systems of the body. Despite the significant prevalence of psoriasis and a large number of studies devoted this problem there is still no single view on the pathogenesis of this dermatosis. To clear up the pathogenesis of psoriasis, it seems to be reasonable to focus on the common comorbidities or multimorbidities, which may occur in the course of psoriasis, as this issue is still insufficiently studied. Recent reports have proven the evidences of indisputable link between psoriasis and obesity. The scientific literature extensively covers the issues of identical pathogenetic mechanisms of inflammatory processes in psoriasis and obesity. Given the current data on the role of systemic inflammation underlying the development of both psoriasis and obesity, the study of molecular mechanisms of its development and in particularly the role of proinflammatory nuclear transcription factors, thiazolidinediones have been found out as pathogenetically justified medicine of choice for the therapy of these diseases. In this study, we determined the effectiveness of using 30 mg of pioglitazone daily for 6 months in the course of treatment for patients with extensive psoriasis vulgaris of moderate severity, who were also diagnosed as having concomitant grade І-ІІ alimentary obesity that was supported by clinical and immunological findings evidenced of systemic inflammation. Analyzing the results obtained, we have found out the prolonged therapy with pioglitazone leads to a decrease in systemic inflammation and contributes to a milder recurrent course of psoriasis.

scholarly journals Molecular mechanisms of control of differentiation of regulatory t-lymphocytes by exogenous melatonin

2019 ◽  
Vol 484 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-227
Author(s):  
N. S. Glebezdina ◽  
A. A. Olina ◽  
I. V. Nekrasova ◽  
E. M. Kuklina
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
The Body ◽  
Membrane Receptors ◽  
Cell Subpopulation ◽  
Exogenous Melatonin ◽  
Regulatory T Lymphocytes ◽  
Treg Differentiation

We investigated the role of epiphyseal hormone melatonin in the differentiation of naive CD4+T cells into regulatory T cells (Treg). The hormone at physiological and pharmacological concentrations inhibited Treg differentiation, decreasing both the proportion of CD4+FOXP3+ cells in the culture and the level of TGF‑β, the key cytokine for this T cell subpopulation. The inhibitory effect of exogenous melatonin was due to its interaction with the membrane receptors MT1 and MT2. At the same time, the signals realized through RORa — the nuclear receptor for melatonin — stimulated Treg formation; however, they were considerably weaker than the signals from the membrane receptors and were overlapped by the latter. Since the Treg subpopulation plays an important role in physiological and pathological processes in the body, the revealed effects of melatonin should be taken into account in its therapeutic use.

Transforming growth factor–β and Notch ligands act as opposing environmental cues in regulating the plasticity of type 3 innate lymphoid cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (426) ◽  
pp. ra46-ra46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Viant ◽  
Lucille C. Rankin ◽  
Mathilde J. H. Girard-Madoux ◽  
Cyril Seillet ◽  
Wei Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Environmental Cues ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Notch Ligands
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