scholarly journals Hybridization Effect on Crashworthiness Parameters of Natural Composite

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabah Salim Hamza ◽  
Al Emran Ismail ◽  
M. Y. Yuhazri ◽  
Ahmad Hamdan Ariffin ◽  
Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Jute Fiber ◽  
Metallic Materials ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Epoxy Material ◽  
Woven Glass Fiber ◽  
Energy Absorbing

The use of metallic materials in automotive industry leads to increasing fuel consumption and cost, so trends are starting to use lighter and cheaper materials. In automotive applications, fibers are used in composites because they are stronger, stiffer, and lighter than bulk materials, and they can achieve higher energy absorbing compared to metallic materials. The purpose of this work is to study the potential utilization of natural fibers in the crash energy absorbing applications. The experimental procedures (the principle of a combination of manual layup and vacuum bladder technique) were applied to search the influence of utilizing jute fiber mat on crashworthiness parameters of composite materials with other kinds of fibers such as woven glass fiber reinforced epoxy composites. The study involved corrugated composite tubes with three layers of jute and hybrid glass-jute/epoxy material have been tested in uniaxial quasi-static crush conditions at the speed 10 mm/min. The results exhibit that the tube of jute fiber was somewhat lower than synthetic fibers, but the substitution of one layer of jute fiber with one layer of glass fiber resulted in an improvement in the crashworthiness parameters. As hybrid jute-glass was used, the best result was obtained, where energy absorption and specific energy absorption are improved by 17.75% and 25.122%, respectively.

scholarly journals Development and Testing of Pine Apple and Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Hybrid Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 2450-2453
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Fiber Composites ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced

Usage of Natural Fiber Composites (NFC) is increased rapidly due to the bio degradability nature of the fibers. These natural fibers are mixed with synthetic fibers to obtain better mechanical properties. In this study, pine apple and glass fiber reinforced epoxy composites are developed and their mechanical properties were evaluated. Composites were prepared by varying the fibers content and by using hand layup process with glass moulds of size 160 x 160 x 3 mm3 . The obtained laminates were sliced as per the ASTM criterion to test the properties. Higher glass fiber content in the composite specimen obtained higher mechanical properties. The composites can be utilized for the purpose of manufacturing components like doors panels, desks, roof tops etc.

scholarly journals Effect of the Reinforcement Phase on Indentation Resistance and Damage Characterization of Glass/Epoxy Laminates Using Acoustic Emission Monitoring

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
C. Suresh Kumar ◽  
K. Saravanakumar ◽  
P. Prathap ◽  
M. Prince ◽  
G. Bharathiraja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Emission ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Cumulative Energy ◽  
Static Indentation ◽  
Felicity Ratio ◽  
Woven Glass Fiber ◽  
Energy Absorbing

The effect of reinforcement phases on indentation resistance and damage behavior of glass/epoxy laminates was investigated in this research work. Woven glass fiber mat and nonwoven chopped glass fiber mat were used as fiber reinforcement phases for fabricating the laminates. Low-velocity impact and quasi-static indentation tests were performed on both laminates to investigate the contact behavior and energy-absorbing capability. Moreover, the acoustic emission (AE) technique was employed to monitor the indentation damage resistance. AE parameters including normalized cumulative counts (NCC), normalized cumulative energy (NCE), rise angle (RA), and felicity ratio (FR) were analyzed. The bidirectional laminates showed premature load drops and drastic changes in the normalized cumulative counts/energy profile in the beginning of loading cycles, indicating the development of macrodamage such as debonding/delamination. AE sentry function results of bidirectional laminates show longer PII function at the earlier stages, associated with minor PIII function and greater PIV function, indicating the continuous degradation and progression of damage. In contrast, the chopped laminates exhibited superior postimpact performance than the bidirectional laminates. The presence of randomly oriented fibres prevents the delamination crack propagation during compression loading, which was attributed with the increased residual compressive strength.

Energy Absorption of Braided Glass Fiber Reinforced Composite Tubes

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Ching Quek ◽  
Anthony M. Waas
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Damage Mechanics ◽  
Progressive Failure ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Continuum Damage Mechanics ◽  
Composite Tubes ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Glass Fiber Composite

Abstract Results from an experimental and analytical study on the behavior of braided glass fiber composite tubes under quasi-static crush conditions are presented. The composite tubes have an initiator plug introduced at one open end (chamfered) while the other end is clamped. This procedure causes the tube to ‘flare’ outwards into fronds and results in the progressive failure of the tube in the axial and hoop direction without global tube buckling. Axial force and axial displacements are measured during these tests in order to assess energy absorption. In addition, readings from strain gages that are placed at critical locations on the tube walls are used to assess the state of strain on the tube walls away from the crush end. During a crush test, the axial load ascended to a maximum value and subsequently settled to a plateau value about which the load oscillated during the progressive crushing of the tube. The oscillations exhibited distinct periodicity. Results from an analytical model that best simulates the failure of these tubes are presented. The model is based on an axisymmetric formulation of the cylindrical shell equations in conjunction with ideas from classical fracture mechanics and continuum damage mechanics.

scholarly journals Influence of Treated Natural Jute Fiber on Flexural Properties of Reinforced Concrete Beams

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.12) ◽  
pp. 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharathi Murugan.R ◽  
Ajit Gayke ◽  
Natarajan C ◽  
Haridharan. M.K ◽  
Murali G ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Beams ◽  
Jute Fiber ◽  
Tension Zone ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
Stiffness Characteristic ◽  
Fiber Concrete ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Potential Use

India is one of the largest producers of jute, its potential use in many branches of engineering should be developed for the prosperity of the nation. The recent trends in utilizing the natural fibers has increased due to its advantages over synthetic fibers due to low cost, low environment hazard and easy availability. The properties of the fiber is improved by treating the jute fiber with alkali and latex polymer. Since, very few studies been conducted using the treated jute fiber concrete, an experimental work was carried with 0.6% as optimum percentage of treated jute fibers based on the mechanical properties of concrete. The influence of flexural characteristics of concrete was compared with control beams and beams cast with fibers in whole area and also only in tension zone of beam for M20 and M25 concrete grade. The beams with fibers of whole area had better strength, stiffness characteristic than the control beam and the beam with fibers in tension zone only. The initial cracking load was increased by 12.92% and 11.23 % and ultimate load was increased by 6.94% and 7. 20% for the beams cast with fibers in whole area for M20 and M25 grade of concrete, respectively.  

Tensile Strength Matrix Composite Waste Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mataram
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Molding Method ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Composite Reinforcement

Polypropylene (PP) including a type of plastic which ranks second on the most number of types of plastic waste after the type of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE). Glass fibers have superior mechanical properties of natural fibers. Because it has good mechanical properties, glass fibers currently plays an important role in the use of composite reinforcement. Mechanical properties of glass fiber owned and PP waste in environmental conditions that more conditions, it can be utilized as a composite reinforcement and matrix materials. This research was conducted by of injection molding method. The comparison between the volume fraction of the glass fiber matrix of type PP plastic waste with variation 0% fibers 100% matrixs, 10% fibers 90% matrixs, 20% fibers 80% matrixs, 30% fibers 70% matrixs, 40% fibers 60% matrixs, and 50 % fibers 50% matrixs. The optimum conditions obtained in this study was the comparison of variation occurs in 50% fibers volume fractions of 50% matrixs were: tensile stress was 24.30 N/mm2, tensile strain was 13.60%.

Drop-weight impact testing for the study of energy absorption in automobile crash boxes made of composite material

2020 ◽  
pp. 146442072095281
Author(s):  
N Nasir Hussain ◽  
Srinivasa Prakash Regalla ◽  
Yendluri V Daseswara Rao ◽  
Tatacipta Dirgantara ◽  
Leonardo Gunawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Drop Weight ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Weight Impact

There is an ever-increasing demand in the automotive sector to continuously improve the performance and reduce cost through weight reduction in the structure of the vehicle. In the present scenario, it is also necessary to meet the standards set by crash safety regulating authorities in various parts of the world. In automobiles, the crash box is placed in the anterior region to absorb the impact energy in the event of an accident. Glass fiber reinforced plastic crash boxes have a high strength-to-weight ratio and also are good in energy absorption, particularly useful in this scenario. In this paper, the effectiveness of different triggers in combination with various geometries is investigated for Glass fiber reinforced plastic crash boxes using drop-weight impact testing. A trigger is a geometric irregularity introduced in the crash box design to alter the energy as well as force levels by modifying the deformation mode under loading. Comparison of change in force level, absorption of impact energy, specific energy absorption values was performed for composite crash boxes made of various types of cross-sectional geometries along with multiple patterns of triggers. Force versus displacement (F–D) curves are drawn for all the cases of the glass fiber reinforced plastic crash boxes to understand the behavior of each combination formed with various types of geometries and triggers, under impact loading. Strength-to-weight ratio was considered as the deciding factor for the comparisons to know the best and worst cases of the crash boxes made of different cross-sections along with various trigger types. This study provides detailed insights into the drop-weight impact testing procedure including the preparation of specimens, setting up the drop-weight impact test, preparation of specimen clamps, safety precautions involved, data acquisition from the test and its processing.

scholarly journals Woven Glass Fiber Composites with Aligned Carbon Nanotube Sheet Interlayers

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hardik Bhanushali ◽  
Philip D. Bradford
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Mode I ◽  
Mode Ii ◽  
Interlaminar Fracture Toughness ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Interlaminar Fracture ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Short Beam ◽  
Woven Glass Fiber

This investigation describes the design, fabrication, and testing of woven glass fiber reinforced epoxy matrix laminates with aligned CNT sheets integrated between plies in order to improve the matrix dominated through thickness properties such as the interlaminar fracture toughness at ply interfaces. Using aligned CNT sheets allows for a concentration of millimeter long CNTs at the most likely point of laminate failure. Mode I and Mode II interlaminar fracture toughness of various CNT modified samples were investigated using double cantilever beam (DCB) and end notched flexure (ENF) experiments, respectively. Short beam strength (SBS) and in-plane tensile properties of the CNT modified samples were also investigated. Moderate improvement was observed in Mode I and Mode II fracture toughness at crack initiation when aligned CNT sheets with a basis weight of 0.354 g/m2were used to modify the ply interface. No compromise in the in-plane mechanical properties of the laminate was observed and very little improvement was observed in the shear related short beam strength of the CNT modified laminates as compared to the control samples. Integration of aligned CNT sheets into the composite laminate imparted in-plane and through thickness electrical properties into the nonconductive glass fiber reinforced epoxy composite laminates.

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