scholarly journals Antifungal Effect of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Mediated by Haematoporphyrin Monomethyl Ether and Aloe Emodin on Malassezia furfur

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zixin Cui ◽  
Miaomiao Zhang ◽  
Songmei Geng ◽  
Xinwu Niu ◽  
Xiaopeng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Monomethyl Ether ◽  
Antimicrobial Efficacy ◽  
Irradiation Condition ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Malassezia Furfur ◽  
Dermatological Diseases ◽  
Intracellular Ros ◽  
Aloe Emodin

Infectious dermatological diseases caused by Malassezia furfur are often chronic, recurrent, and recalcitrant. Current therapeutic options are usually tedious, repetitive, and associated with adverse effects. Alternatives that broaden the treatment options and reduce side effects for patients are needed. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is an emerging approach that is quite suitable for superficial infections. The aim of this study is to investigate the antimicrobial efficacy and effect of aPDT mediated by haematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME) and aloe emodin (AE) on clinical isolates of M. furfur in vitro. The photodynamic antimicrobial efficacy of HMME and AE against M. furfur was assessed by colony forming unit (CFU) assay. The uptake of HMME and AE by M. furfur cells was investigated by fluorescence microscopy. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) probe and flow cytometry were employed to evaluate the intracellular ROS level. The effect of HMME and AE-mediated aPDT on secreted protease and lipase activity of M. furfur was also investigated. The results showed that HMME and AE in the presence of light effectively inactivated M. furfur cells in a photosensitizer (PS) concentration and light energy dose-dependent manner. AE exhibited higher antimicrobial efficacy against M. furfur than HMME under the same irradiation condition. HMME and AE-mediated aPDT disturbed the fungal cell envelop, significantly increased the intracellular ROS level, and effectively inhibited the activity of secreted protease and lipase of M. furfur cells. The results suggest that HMME and AE have potential to serve as PSs in the photodynamic treatment of dermatological diseases caused by M. furfur, but further ex vivo or in vivo experiments are needed to verify that they can meet the requirements for clinical practice.

scholarly journals Aloe-Emodin-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy Induces Apoptosis in Basal Cell Carcinoma Cells via Activation of ERK/JNK Signaling Pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Woodvine Otieno Odhiambo ◽  
Songmei Geng ◽  
Xiaopeng Wang ◽  
Xiaodong Chen ◽  
Mengting Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Basal Cell ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
T Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Aloe Emodin

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most prevalent epidermal cancerous neoplasm. Previous studies have reported the noninvasive, cost-effective, and localized photodynamic therapy (PDT) approach to BCC treatment. This study investigated the photodynamic effects of aloe-emodin (AE), a natural anthraquinone photosensitizer (PS), on proliferation and apoptosis of BCC TE 354.T cell line. To evaluate the effects of AE-mediated PDT, we used various concentrations of AE (0, 2.5, 5, and 10 μM) and white light energy (0, 12, 24, and 36 J/cm2). CCK-8 assay was used to analyse cell viability following AE-mediated PDT. The cell death rate and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed by flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to determine the effects of AE-mediated PDT on the apoptotic proteins, Akt, and MAPK pathways. AE-mediated PDT inhibited tumorigenic cell proliferation, consequently enhancing apoptosis in AE and PDT concentration and dose-dependent manner, respectively. Significantly increased TE 354.T cell apoptosis and intracellular ROS production were both observed after AE-mediated PDT. Following the AE-mediated PDT, cytochrome and antitumor p53 were elevated; however expression of Bcl-2 was significantly decreased. Significant caspase 3 elevation post-AE-mediated PDT suggested intrinsically driven apoptosis. Additionally, AE-mediated PDT significantly suppressed NF-κB, Akt, and ERK pathways while JNK expression was significantly increased. AE-mediated PDT induced TE 354.T cell apoptosis through the intracellular generation of ROS. Akt, ERK, and JNK all play various roles in ensuring successful TE 354.T tumor cell apoptosis.

Regulation of intracellular Ca2+ in the cytotoxic response to photodynamic therapy with a chlorin-based photosensitizer

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (07) ◽  
pp. 811-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Je-Ok Yoo ◽  
Chang-Hee Lee ◽  
Byeong-Moon Hwang ◽  
Woo Jin Kim ◽  
Young-Myeong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Gastric Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Brefeldin A ◽  
Ruthenium Red ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Adenocarcinoma Cells ◽  
Intracellular Ros ◽  
Intracellular Ca ◽  
Human Gastric Adenocarcinoma

We investigated regulation of intracellular Ca2+ induced by photodynamic therapy (PDT) with a new chlorin-based photosensitizer, DH-II-24, in human gastric adenocarcinoma cells. DH-II-24-mediated PDT induced necrotic cell death according to post-irradiation time, and produced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in an irradiation time-dependent manner. PDT also increased intracellular Ca2+ , and this Ca2+ elevation was largely inhibited by BAPTA-AM but not by EGTA. BAPTA-AM inhibited the ROS production by PDT, whereas NAC and Trolox had no effect on the PDT-induced Ca2+ response. In the presence of EGTA, pre-incubation with thapsigargin, Gly-Phe-β-naphthylamide or brefeldin A had no significant effect on the PDT-induced elevation in intracellular Ca2+ . However, ruthenium red affected the initial and late Ca2+ responses to PDT. Thus, DH-II-24-mediated PDT produces intracellular ROS via elevation in intracellular Ca2+ , contributed, at least in part, by mitochondria, which results in necrotic death of the human gastric adenocarcinoma cells.

scholarly journals The effects of aloe emodin-mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on drug-sensitive and resistant Candida albicans

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenpeng Ma ◽  
Chengcheng Liu ◽  
Jiao Li ◽  
Ming Hao ◽  
Yanhong Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Aloe Emodin

Aloe emodin-mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy effectively inactivated drug-sensitive and resistant C. albicans and caused damage to the cell wall, cytoplasm, and nucleus.

scholarly journals Phenalen-1-One-Mediated Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy and Chlorhexidine Applied to a Novel Caries Biofilm Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 447-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Cieplik ◽  
Fabian Wimmer ◽  
Denise Muehler ◽  
Thomas Thurnheer ◽  
Georgios N. Belibasakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Antimicrobial Efficacy ◽  
Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Actinomyces Naeslundii ◽  
Biofilm Model ◽  
Pronounced Reduction

Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) may be useful as a supportive antimicrobial measure for caries-active subjects. In this study, the antimicrobial efficacy of aPDT with a phenalen-1-one photosensitizer was evaluated in a novel in vitro biofilm model comprising Actinomyces naeslundii, Actinomyces odontolyticus, and Streptococcus mutans and was compared to chlorhexidine. The proposed biofilm model allows high-throughput screening for antimicrobial efficacy while exhibiting a differentiated response to different antimicrobial approaches. While chlorhexidine 0.2% showed a reduction of ≈4 log10 for all species, aPDT led to a more pronounced reduction of S. mutans (2.8 log10) than of Actinomyces spp. (1.2 or 1.3 log10). A similar effect was also observed in monospecies biofilms. Therefore, aPDT may be more effective against S. mutans than against Actinomyces spp. when in biofilms, and this antimicrobial approach merits further investigations.

Dinuclear phosphorescent rhenium(i) complexes as potential anticancer and photodynamic therapy agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (33) ◽  
pp. 11583-11590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng-Yin Pan ◽  
Dai-Hong Cai ◽  
Liang He
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Lysosomal Dysfunction ◽  
Intracellular Ros

Two dinuclear organometallic Re(i) complexes increase intracellular ROS levels, causing lysosomal dysfunction and cell apoptosis.

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