scholarly journals White Matter Integrity Involvement in the Preclinical Stage of Familial Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donglai Jing ◽  
Yaojing Chen ◽  
Kexin Xie ◽  
Yue Cui ◽  
Chunlei Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Preclinical Stage ◽  
Asymptomatic Carriers ◽  
Jakob Disease ◽  
Neuropsychological Assessments

ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to explore patterns of white matter (WM) alteration in preclinical stage familial Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (fCJD) using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).MethodsSeven asymptomatic carriers of the PRNP G114V mutation and six non-carriers were recruited from the same fCJD kindred and follow-up obtained from all asymptomatic carriers and two non-carriers 2 years later. Overlapping WM patterns were also explored in asymptomatic carriers and symptomatic CJD patients. All participants underwent clinical and neuropsychological assessments and DTI at baseline and follow-up. DTI data were subjected to whole-brain voxel-wise analysis of fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) in WM using tract-based spatial statistics. Three comparisons were conducted: baseline carriers against non-carriers (baseline analysis), changes after 2 years in carriers (follow-up analysis), and differences between patients with symptomatic CJD and healthy controls (CJD patient analysis).ResultsNeither carriers nor non-carriers developed any neurological symptoms during 2 years of follow-up. Baseline analysis showed no differences between the carrier and non-carrier groups in MD and FA. Follow-up analysis showed significantly increased MD in multiple WM tracts, among which increased MD in the bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculus, bilateral anterior thalamic radiation, bilateral cingulate gyrus, and left uncinate fasciculus overlapped the patterns observed in patients with symptomatic CJD.ConclusionChanges in integrity within multiple WM tracts can be detected during the preclinical stage of fCJD.

scholarly journals White Matter Integrity Involvement in Preclinical Stage of Familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donglai Jing ◽  
Yaojing Chen ◽  
Kexin Xie ◽  
Yue Cui ◽  
Chunlei Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Corticospinal Tract ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus ◽  
Preclinical Stage ◽  
Asymptomatic Carriers ◽  
Jakob Disease

Abstract Background : To explore the patterns of white matter (WM) alterations using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in the preclinical stage of familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (fCJD) . Methods: 7 asymptomatic carriers of PRNP G114V mutation and 6 non-carriers from the same fCJD kindred were recruited at baseline. Follow-up was obtained in 7 asymptomatic carriers and 2 non-carriers 2 years later. We also included 10 symptomatic CJD patients and 10 age-and gender-matched healthy controls out of the kindred to observe the overlapping patterns of WM between asymptomatic carriers and symptomatic CJD patients. All subjects received clinical, neuropsychological assessments, electroencephalogram (EEG) tests, and DTI at baseline and follow-up. Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) was used in DTI study for whole-brain voxel wise analysis of fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) in WM. Results were compared in three groups: baseline carriers against non-carriers (baseline analysis), changes after 2 years in carriers (follow-up analysis), and differences between symptomatic CJD patients and healthy controls (CJD patients analysis). Results: Neither the carriers nor the non-carriers develop any neurological symptoms during 2 years follow-up. Baseline analysis showed no group differences between carriers and non-carriers in MD and FA. Follow-up analysis showed significant increased MD in left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, left uncinate fasciculus, bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculus, and bilateral corticospinal tract (p < 0.05), among which increased MD in bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculus and right corticospinal tract overlaps the pattern of CJD patients. Conclusion: Integrity involvement within multiple WM tracts could be detected in preclinical stage of fCJD.

scholarly journals White Matter Integrity Predicts Delay Discounting Behavior in 9- to 23-Year-Olds: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 1406-1421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Olson ◽  
Paul F. Collins ◽  
Catalina J. Hooper ◽  
Ryan Muetzel ◽  
Kelvin O. Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Delay Discounting ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Temporal Lobes ◽  
Brain White Matter ◽  
Independent Effects ◽  
Age Range

Healthy participants (n = 79), ages 9–23, completed a delay discounting task assessing the extent to which the value of a monetary reward declines as the delay to its receipt increases. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to evaluate how individual differences in delay discounting relate to variation in fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) within whole-brain white matter using voxel-based regressions. Given that rapid prefrontal lobe development is occurring during this age range and that functional imaging studies have implicated the prefrontal cortex in discounting behavior, we hypothesized that differences in FA and MD would be associated with alterations in the discounting rate. The analyses revealed a number of clusters where less impulsive performance on the delay discounting task was associated with higher FA and lower MD. The clusters were located primarily in bilateral frontal and temporal lobes and were localized within white matter tracts, including portions of the inferior and superior longitudinal fasciculi, anterior thalamic radiation, uncinate fasciculus, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, corticospinal tract, and splenium of the corpus callosum. FA increased and MD decreased with age in the majority of these regions. Some, but not all, of the discounting/DTI associations remained significant after controlling for age. Findings are discussed in terms of both developmental and age-independent effects of white matter organization on discounting behavior.

Migraine affects white-matter tract integrity: A diffusion-tensor imaging study

Cephalalgia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (13) ◽  
pp. 1162-1171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine D Chong ◽  
Todd J Schwedt
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Corticospinal Tract ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
White Matter Tract ◽  
Inferior Longitudinal Fasciculus ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Right

Background Specific white-matter tract alterations in migraine remain to be elucidated. Using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), this study investigated whether the integrity of white-matter tracts that underlie regions of the “pain matrix” is altered in migraine and interrogated whether the number of years lived with migraine modifies fibertract structure. Methods Global probabilistic tractography was used to assess the anterior thalamic radiations, the corticospinal tracts and the inferior longitudinal fasciculi in 23 adults with migraine and 18 healthy controls. Results Migraine patients show greater mean diffusivity (MD) in the left and right anterior thalamic radiations, the left corticospinal tract, and the right inferior longitudinal fasciculus tract. Migraine patients also show greater radial diffusivity (RD) in the left anterior thalamic radiations, the left corticospinal tract as well as the left and right inferior longitudinal fasciculus tracts. No group fractional anisotropy (FA) differences were identified for any tracts. Migraineurs showed a positive correlation between years lived with migraine and MD in the right anterior thalamic radiations ( r = 0.517; p = 0.012) and the left corticospinal tract ( r = 0.468; p = 0.024). Conclusion Results indicate that white-matter integrity is altered in migraine and that longer migraine history is positively correlated with greater alterations in tract integrity.

Characterization of abnormal diffusion properties of supratentorial brain tumors: a preliminary diffusion tensor imaging study

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weihong Yuan ◽  
Scott K. Holland ◽  
Blaise V. Jones ◽  
Kerry Crone ◽  
Francesco T. Mangano
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Supratentorial Tumors ◽  
Diffusion Properties

Object Diffusion tensor (DT) imaging was used in children with supratentorial tumors to evaluate the anisotropic diffusion properties between different tumor grades and between tumors and adjacent and contralateral white matter. Methods In this retrospective review, the authors review the cases of 16 children (age range 1–18 years) who presented to their institution with supratentorial tumors and were treated between 2004 and 2007. Eleven patients had low-grade and 5 had high-grade tumors. Fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity, and axial (λ∥) and radial (λ⊥) eigenvalues within selected regions were studied. Mitotic index, necrosis, and vascularity of the tumors were compared with DT imaging parameters. Results The mean diffusivity was significantly higher in low-grade than in high-grade tumors (p = 0.04); the 2 tumor grades also significantly differed for both λ∥ (p < 0.05) and λ⊥ (p < 0.05). Mean diffusivity values in low-grade tumors were significantly higher than in adjacent normal-appearing white matter (NAWM; p = 0.0004) and contralateral NAWM (p = 0.0001). In both low- and high-grade tumors, the FA was significantly lower than in NAWM (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.03, respectively) and contralateral NAWM (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.003, respectively). Tumor cellularity highly correlated with mean diffusivity and λ∥and λ⊥. Conclusions Diffusion tensor imaging is a useful tool in the evaluation of supratentorial tumors in children. The mean diffusivity appears to be a significant marker in differentiating tumors grades. Findings related to λ∥ and λ⊥ within tumor groups and between tumors and NAWM may be an indirect manifestation of the combined effects of axonal injury, demyelination, and tumor mass within the cranial compartment.

scholarly journals Multi-Dimensional Diffusion Tensor Imaging Biomarkers for Cognitive Decline From the Preclinical Stage: A Study of Post-stroke Small Vessel Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Du ◽  
Hong Zhu ◽  
Ling Yu ◽  
Peiwen Lu ◽  
Yage Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Preclinical Stage ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
Dimensional Diffusion

Objectives: We aim to investigate whether multi-dimensional diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measures can sensitively identify different cognitive status of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) and to explore the underlying pattern of white matter disruption in CSVD.Methods: Two hundred and two participants were recruited, composed of 99 CSVD patients with mild cognitive impairment (VaMCI) and 60 with no cognitive impairment (NCI) and 43 healthy subjects as normal controls (NC). Full domain neuropsychological tests and diffusion-weighted imaging were performed on each subject. DTI metrics such as fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), the skeletonized mean diffusivity (PSMD), and structural brain network measures including network strength, global efficiency (EGlobal), and local efficiency (ELocal) were calculated. Region of interest (ROI) analysis of 42 white matter tracts was performed to examine the regional anatomical white matter disruption for each group.Results: Significant differences of multiple cognitive test scores across all cognitive domains especially processing and executive function existed among the three groups. DTI measures (FA, MD, and PSMD) showed significant group difference with the cognitive status changing. FA and EGlobal showed significant correlation with processing speed, executive function, and memory. ROI analysis found that white matter integrity impairment occurred from the preclinical stage of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) due to CSVD. These lesions in the NCI group mainly involved some longitudinal fibers such as right superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF-R), right superior fronto-occipital fasciculus (SFO-R), and right uncinate fasciculus (UNC-R), which might be more vulnerable to the cerebrovascular aging and disease process.Conclusions: DTI measures are sensitive neuroimaging markers in detecting the early cognitive impairment and able to differentiate the different cognitive status due to CSVD. Subtle changes of some vulnerable white matter tracts may be observed from the preclinical stage of VCI and have a local to general spreading pattern during the disease progression.

scholarly journals Dose-dependent degeneration of non-cancerous brain tissue in post-radiotherapy patients: A diffusion tensor imaging study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Szabolcs David ◽  
Hamed Y. Mesri ◽  
Victor A. Bodiut ◽  
Steven H. J. Nagtegaal ◽  
Hesham Elhalawani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Relative Sensitivity ◽  
Frontal Pole ◽  
Regional Variability

AbstractBackground and purposeRadiation-induced changes in brain tissue may relate to post-radiotherapy (RT) cognitive decline. Our aim is to investigate changes of the brain microstructural properties after exposure to radiation during clinical protocols of RT using diffusion MRI (dMRI).Methods and MaterialsThe susceptibility of tissue changes to radiation was investigated in a clinically heterogenic cohort (age, pathology, tumor location, type of surgery) consisting of 121 scans of 18 patients (10 females). The imaging dataset included 18 planning CTs and 103 dMRI scans (range 2-14, median = 6 per patient) assessing pre-operative, post-operative pre-RT and post-RT states. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics were estimated from all scans for a region-of-interest based linear relation analysis between mean dose and change in DTI metrics, while partial volume effects were regressed out.ResultsThe largest regional dose dependency with mean diffusivity appear in the white matter of the frontal pole in the left hemisphere by an increase of 2.61 %/(Gy x year). Full brain-wise, pooled results for white matter show fractional anisotropy to decrease by 0.85 %/(30Gy x year); mean diffusivity increase by 9.17 %/(30Gy x year); axial diffusivity increase by 7.30%/(30Gy x year) and radial diffusivity increases by 10.63%/(30Gy x year).ConclusionsWhite matter is susceptible to radiation with some regional variability where diffusivity metrics demonstrate the largest relative sensitivity. This suggests that dMRI is a promising tool in assessing microstructural changes after RT, which can help in understanding treatment-induced cognitive decline.

Diffusion tensor imaging in hyperthyroidism: assessment of microstructural white matter abnormality with a tract-based spatial statistical analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 1677-1683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerim Aslan ◽  
Hediye Pinar Gunbey ◽  
Sumeyra Cortcu ◽  
Onur Ozyurt ◽  
Ugur Avci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Internal Capsule ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Corona Radiata ◽  
Microstructural Alterations

Background Metabolic, morphological, and functional brain changes associated with a neurological deficit in hyperthyroidism have been observed. However, changes in microstructural white matter (WM), which can explain the underlying pathophysiology of brain dysfunctions, have not been researched. Purpose To assess microstructural WM abnormality in patients with untreated or newly diagnosed hyperthyroidism using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS). Material and Methods Eighteen patients with hyperthyroidism and 14 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included in this study. TBSS were used in this diffusion tensor imaging study for a whole-brain voxel-wise analysis of fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) of WM. Results When compared to the control group, TBSS showed a significant increase in the RD of the corpus callosum, anterior and posterior corona radiata, posterior thalamic radiation, cingulum, superior longitudinal fasciculus, and the retrolenticular region of the internal capsule in patients with hyperthyroidism ( P < 0.05), as well as a significant decrease in AD in the anterior corona radiata and the genu of corpus callosum ( P < 0.05). Conclusion This study showed that more regions are affected by the RD increase than the AD decrease in the WM tracts of patients with hyperthyroidism. These preliminary results suggest that demyelination is the main mechanism of microstructural alterations in the WM of hyperthyroid patients.

scholarly journals White Matter Alterations in Heart-kidney Imbalance Insomnia and Jiao-tai-wan Treatment: A Diffusion-tensor Imaging Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Chen ◽  
Yanxuan Li ◽  
Nengzhi Xia ◽  
Caiyun Wen ◽  
Tianyi Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Internal Capsule ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Healthy Control

Abstract Background: Previous studies have reported changes in white matter (WM) microstructures in patients with insomnia. However, few neuroimaging studies have focused specifically on WM tracts in insomnia patients after having received treatment. In this prospective study, diffusion-tensor imaging was used in two samples of heart-kidney imbalance insomnia patients (HKIIPs) who were treated with Jiao-Tai-Wan (JTW) or a placebo to assess the changes in WM tracts.Methods: Tract-based spatial statistical analyses were first applied to compare the changes in mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) of WM between 75 HKIIPs and 41 healthy control participants. In subsequent randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials, comparisons of MD and FA were also performed in 24 HKIIPs (8 males; 16 females; 42.5 ± 10.4 years) with JTW and 26 HKIIPs (11 males; 15 females; 39.7 ± 9.4 years) with a placebo, with age and sex as covariates.Results: HKIIPs showed lower MD and FA values of several WM tracts than healthy control participants, such as the bilateral anterior limb of internal capsule, bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculus and bilateral posterior corona radiata. Specifically, FA values in left corticospinal tract (CST) were increased in HKIIPs. After being treated with JTW, HKIIPs showed a trend towards reduced FA values in the left CST.Conclusions: These results suggest that JTW may reverse WM alterations caused by heart-kidney imbalance insomnia.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR1800019239; registered on 1 November 2018-retrospectively registered, http://www.chictr.org.cn/listbycreater.aspx, more than a month after the start of the experiment. The delay was due to lack of experience regarding trail, registration with a data sharing website.

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