scholarly journals Leisure Activities, APOE ε4, and Cognitive Decline: A Longitudinal Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Zhang ◽  
Shihui Fu ◽  
Ding Ding ◽  
Michael W. Lutz ◽  
Yi Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Healthy Longevity ◽  
Productive Activities ◽  
Ε4 Allele ◽  
State Examination

Background: Both leisure activities and the ε4 allele of the apolipoprotein E (APOE ε4) have been shown to affect cognitive health. We aimed to determine whether engagement in leisure activities protects against APOE ε4-related cognitive decline.Methods: We used the cohort data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. A total of 3,017 participants (mean age of 77.0 years, SD = 9.0; 49.3% female) from 23 provinces of China were recruited in 2008 and were reinterviewed in 2014. We assessed cognitive function using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). We calculated cognitive decline using subtraction of the MMSE score of each participant in 2008 and 2014. We genotyped a number of APOE ε4 alleles for each participant at baseline and determined the Index of Leisure Activities (ILAs) by summing up the frequency of nine types of typical activities in productive, social, and physical domains. We used ordinal logistic regression models to estimate the effects of leisure activities, APOE ε4, and their interaction on cognitive decline, statistically adjusted for a range of potential confounders.Results: There were significant associations between APOE ε4 and faster cognitive decline, independent of potential confounders, and between leisure activities and mitigated cognitive decline. The odds ratios were 1.25 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.53) and 0.93 (95% CI: 0.89, 0.97), respectively. We found significant interactions of APOE ε4 with leisure activities with a P-value of 0.018. We also observed interactive effects of subtypes of leisure activities: participants who regularly engaged in productive activities were more likely to reduce the risk of APOE ε4-related cognitive decline.Conclusion: Our findings provide support for the indication that participating in leisure activities reduces the risk of APOE ε4-related cognitive decline.

scholarly journals Trends in the prevalence of cognitive impairment in Chinese older adults: based on the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey cohorts from 1998 to 2014

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 378-387
Author(s):  
Weihong Kuang ◽  
Mingyue Gao ◽  
Liantian Tian ◽  
Yang Wan ◽  
Peiyuan Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Multilevel Regression ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Healthy Longevity ◽  
Cognitive Activities ◽  
State Examination

Abstract In the context of a rapidly ageing Chinese population, this study aims to examine trends in the prevalence of cognitive impairment among people ≥65 y of age in China. Our sample is 72 821 adults aged 65–105 y from the seven waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, a national mixed longitudinal cohort. The Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination was used to measure CI. Risk factor-adjusted prevalence trend was examined using multilevel regression models. Age-standardized prevalence of cognitive impairment increased from 11.00% in 1998 to 11.84% in 2008 and decreased to 8.88% in 2014. Older age, female gender, less education, rural residence, not married, lack of physical and cognitive activities, suffering from stroke, vision and hearing impairment, and activities of daily living disability were negatively associated with cognitive impairment. Our study suggests a decreasing trend of cognitive impairment prevalence in China. However, whether decreasing prevalence will contribute to a reduced burden of cognitive impairment given the ageing of the population is unknown.

scholarly journals Innovative motor and cognitive dual-task approaches combining upper and lower limbs may improve dementia early detection

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianmaria Mancioppi ◽  
Laura Fiorini ◽  
Erika Rovini ◽  
Radia Zeghari ◽  
Auriane Gros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dual Task ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation ◽  
Gold Standards

AbstractMotor and Cognitive Dual-Task (MCDT) represents an innovative chance to assess Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). We compare two novel MCDTs, fore-finger tapping (FTAP), toe-tapping (TTHP), to gold standards for cognitive screening (Mini-Mental State Examination—MMSE), and to a well-established MCDT (GAIT). We administered the aforementioned MCDTs to 44 subjects (MCIs and controls). Motor parameters were extracted, and correlations with MMSE investigated. Logistic regression models were built, and AUC areas computed. Spearman’s correlation demonstrated that FTAP and TTHP significantly correlate with MMSE, at each cognitive load. AUC areas computed report similar (FTAP, 0.87), and even higher (TTHP, 0.97) capability to identify MCIs, if compared to GAIT (0.92). We investigated the use of novel MCDT approaches to assess MCI, aiming to enrich the clinical repertoire with objective and non-invasive tools. Our protocol shows good correlations with MMSE, and reaches high performances in identifying MCI, adopting simpler exercises.

Apolipoprotein E, Cognitive Function, and Dementia in a General Population Aged 85 Years and Over

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kati Juva ◽  
Auli Verkkoniemi ◽  
Petteri Viramo ◽  
Tuomo Polvikoski ◽  
Katariina Kainulainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Mmse Score ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Apo E ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽  
Ε4 Allele ◽  
Very Old Age ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Apo E Genotype ◽  
State Examination

We examined 510 subjects representing 83.2% of all citizens of a Finnish city aged 85 years or over. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, diagnosis of dementia by DSM-III-R criteria, and Apo-E genotype were determined. The prevalence of dementia was 38.6%. The odds ratio (OR) of the Apo-E ε4 carriers (with the reference population of people with the genotype ε3/ε3) for dementia was 2.36 (95% CI 1.58–3.58). There was a significant sex difference: The OR in women was 3.23 (95% CI 2.02–5.17) whereas among men it was insignificant. The mean MMSE score (± SD) among the Apo-E ε4 carriers (15.0 ± 10.0) and noncarriers (18.7 ± 8.6) (p < .001) differed among the whole population, but not within the demented or nondemented subjects analyzed separately. This study does not support the hypothesis that the Apo-E ε4 allele impairs cognitive functions of nondemented elderly, at least in those surviving to very old age.

Do cognitive complaints either predict future cognitive decline or reflect past cognitive decline? A longitudinal study of an elderly community sample

1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. JORM ◽  
H. CHRISTENSEN ◽  
A. E. KORTEN ◽  
A. S. HENDERSON ◽  
P. A. JACOMB ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Cognitive Change ◽  
Cognitive Disorder ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Cognitive Complaints ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
State Examination

Data from a two-wave longitudinal study of an elderly community sample were used to assess whether cognitive complaints either predict subsequent cognitive decline or reflect past cognitive decline. Cognitive complaints and cognitive functioning were assessed on two occasions three and a half years apart. Cognitive complaints at Wave 1 were found not to predict future cognitive change on the Mini-Mental State Examination, an episodic memory test or a test of mental speed. Similarly, cognitive complaints at Wave 2 were unrelated to past cognitive changes on these tests after statistically controlling for the effects of anxiety and depression. Furthermore, cognitive complaints did not predict either mortality (after controlling for anxiety and depression) or future dementia. These results are evidence against the inclusion of cognitive complaints in diagnostic criteria for proposed disorders such as age-associated memory impairment, mild cognitive disorder and ageing-associated cognitive decline.

Medical Complications Predict Cognitive Decline in Nondemented Hip Fracture Patients—Results of a Prospective Observational Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Hack ◽  
Daphne Eschbach ◽  
Rene Aigner ◽  
Ludwig Oberkircher ◽  
Steffen Ruchholtz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Hip Fractures ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Medical Complications ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
State Examination

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify factors that are associated with cognitive decline in the long-term follow-up after hip fractures in previously nondemented patients. Methods: A consecutive series of 402 patients with hip fractures admitted to our university hospital were analyzed. After exclusion of all patients with preexisting dementia, 266 patients were included, of which 188 could be examined 6 months after surgery. Additional to several demographic data, cognitive ability was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Patients with 19 or less points on the MMSE were considered demented. Furthermore, geriatric scores were recorded, as well as perioperative medical complications. Mini-Mental State Examination was performed again 6 months after surgery. Results: Of 188 previously nondemented patients, 12 (6.4%) patients showed a cognitive decline during the 6 months of follow-up. Multivariate regression analysis showed that age ( P = .040) and medical complications ( P = .048) were the only significant independent influencing factors for cognitive decline. Conclusions: In our patient population, the incidence of dementia exceeded the average age-appropriate cognitive decline. Significant independent influencing factors for cognitive decline were age and medical complications.

scholarly journals Interaction Between Odor Identification Deficit and APOE4 Predicts 6-Year Cognitive Decline in Elderly Individuals

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas K. Olofsson ◽  
Maria Larsson ◽  
Catalina Roa ◽  
Donald A. Wilson ◽  
Erika Jonsson Laukka
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Odor Identification ◽  
National Study ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Identification Performance ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Health Related ◽  
State Examination

AbstractOlfactory identification impairment might indicate future cognitive decline in elderly individuals. An unresolved question is to what extent this effect is dependent on the ApoE-ε4, a genotype associated with risk of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Given the current concern about reproducibility in empirical research, we assessed this issue in a large sample (n = 1637) of older adults (60 – 96 years) from the population-based longitudinal Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC-K). A hierarchical regression analysis was carried out to determine if a low score on an odor identification test, and the presence of ApoE-ε4, would predict the magnitude of a prospective 6-year change in the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) after controlling for demographic, health-related, and cognitive variables. We found that overall, lower odor identification performance was predictive of cognitive decline, and, as hypothesized, we found that the effect was most pronounced among ApoE-ε4 carriers. Our results from this high-powered sample suggest that in elderly carriers of the ApoE-ε4 allele, odor identification impairment provides an indication of future cognitive decline, which has relevance for the prognosis of AD.

Use of benzodiazepines and cognitive performance in primary care patients with first cognitive complaints

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 597-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Grande ◽  
I. Tramacere ◽  
D. L. Vetrano ◽  
S. Pomati ◽  
C. Mariani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Cognitive Complaints ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Benzodiazepine Use ◽  
Primary Care Patients ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
The Impact ◽  
State Examination

ABSTRACTThe aim of the present study is to investigate the impact of benzodiazepine use on cognitive performance in primary care patients with first cognitive complaints. The association between the exposition to benzodiazepines (short and long half-life) and cognitive performance, evaluated through the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), was tested through analysis of the covariance and logistic regression models. Within the 4,249 participants (mean age 77.0 ± 8.2, 66.4% women), 732 (17%) were on benzodiazepines. When compared with non-users, short- and long-acting benzodiazepine users presented overlapping adjusted MMSE mean scores (respectively, mean MMSE score: 25.3, 95%CI 25.2–25.5; 25.4, 95%CI 25.1–25.7, and 25.9, 95%CI 25.3–26.4; p = 0.156). When tested according to the logistical regression model, after adjusting for potential confounders, no association was found between short and long acting benzodiazepine use and a MMSE < 24 (respectively, OR 0.9, 95%CI 0.7–1.2; OR 0.8, 95%CI 0.7–1.3) as compared with non-users. In conclusion, according to the results of our study, benzodiazepine use seems not to impact on cognitive performance- as assessed with the MMSE- of primary care patients referring to GPs for first cognitive complaints.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN PENINGKATAN KADAR C-REACTIVE PROTEIN DENGAN PENURUNAN FUNGSI KOGNITIF PASIEN GERIATRI RAWAT JALAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanus Erdana Putra ◽  
Muhammad Hafizhan ◽  
Raden Ajeng Hanindia Riani Prabaningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Neurology Clinic ◽  
Serum Crp ◽  
State Examination

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ELEVATED C-REACTIVE PROTEIN AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION DETERIORATION OF GERIATRIC OUTPATIENTSABSTRACTIntroduction: Geriatric patients have different characteristics compared to other patients in general, in which they potentially experiencing cognitive impairment, decreasing of physiological and functional status, also the immunological system. This situation causes various inflammatory reactions that play a role in the development of neurodegenerative diseases, including the increase production of acute phase protein called C-reactive protein (CRP).Aims: To determine the association  between the CRP serum concentration  elevation and the deterioration  of geriatric outpatients’s cognitive function at Neurology Clinic Sebelas Maret University Hospital.Methods: A cross-sectional study of geriatric patients at the Neurology Clinic of Sebelas Maret University Hospital, Surakarta.   The cognitive state was evaluated using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and those with MMSE score<24 were considered cognitively declined. Concentrations of serum CRP were measured. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to calculate Odds ratios (ORs) for cognitive decline, adjusted for the covariates of age, sex, body mass index, and disease history.Results: There were 73 participants with mean age was 65.6 years old. There were 56,2% who were experiencing a cognitive decline. Relative to the lowest (first) quartile of CRP concentration, adjusted ORs were 1,44 for the second, 1,97 for the third, and 2,33 for the highest quartiles (p=0,035). The association between CRP levels and decreased cognitive function was found to be significant after adjusting for covariates. When data were stratified by sex, the association between CRP concentration and cognitive decline was observed in women.Discussions: This research  suggested an association  between higher CRP concentration  and lower cognitive function. Chronic inflammation might affect cognitive function in geriatric, particularly in women.Keywords: C-reactive protein, cognitive function, geriatric outpatientsABSTRAKPendahuluan: Pasien geriatri memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda dengan pasien pada umumnya, yaitu selain berpotensi mengalami gangguan fungsi kognitif juga menurunnya daya cadangan fisiologis serta status fungsional dan sistem imunologi. Keadaan ini menimbulkan berbagai reaksi inflamasi yang berperan dalam perkembangan penyakit neurodegeneratif, antara lain peningkatan produksi protein fase akut bernama C-reactive protein (CRP) oleh hepar.Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara peningkatan kadar CRP dengan penurunan fungsi kognitif pasien geriatri rawat jalan di Poliklinik Saraf RS Universitas Sebelas Maret.Metode: Penelitian potong lintang terhadap pasien geriatri di Poli Saraf RS Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta. Evaluasi fungsi kognitif menggunakan Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE); dengan skor <24 dikategorikan mengalami penurunan fungsi kognitif. Kadar serum CRP masing-masing subjek juga diukur. Analisis regresi logistik berganda digunakan dalam menghitung rasio Odds (RO) untuk penurunan fungsi kognitif, dengan pengaturan kovariat usia, jenis kelamin, indeks massa tubuh, dan riwayat penyakit sebelumnya.Hasil: Didapatkan 73 subjek dengan rerata usia 65,6 tahun. Sebanyak 56,2% subjek mengalami penurunan fungsi kognitif. Dengan perbandingan relatif terhadap kuartil konsentrasi CRP terendah (pertama), RO yang telah diatur adalah 1,44 untuk kuartil kedua; 1,97 untuk kuartil ketiga; serta 2,33 untuk kuartil keempat (p=0,035). Hubungan kadar CRP dan penurunan fungsi kognitif ditemukan signifikan setelah disesuaikan dengan kovariat. Setelah dilakukan sub-analisis berdasarkan jenis kelamin, peningkatan kadar CRP terhadap penurunan kognitif secara signifikan terjadi pada subjek perempuan.Diskusi: Penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara peningkatan kadar CRP dengan penurunan fungsi kognitif. Inflamasi kronis memengaruhi fungsi kognitif geriatri khususnya perempuan.Kata kunci: C-reactive protein, fungsi kognitif pasien rawat jalan, geriatri

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