scholarly journals Validity and Reliability of the Semmes-Weinstein Monofilament Test and the Thumb Localizing Test in Patients With Stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mabu Suda ◽  
Michiyuki Kawakami ◽  
Kohei Okuyama ◽  
Ryota Ishii ◽  
Osamu Oshima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Position Sense ◽  
Chronic Stroke ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Systematic Bias ◽  
Light Touch ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Touch Sensation ◽  
Monofilament Test

Background: Somatosensory impairment is common in patients who have had a stroke and can affect their motor function and activities of daily living (ADL). Therefore, detecting and treating somatosensory impairments properly is considered to be very important, and various examinations have been developed. However, the reliability and validity of few of them have been verified due to differences in the procedure of each examiner or poor quantification by the examination itself.Objective: We hypothesized that, with fixed procedures two convenient clinical examinations, the Semmes-Weinstein Monofilament Test (SWMT) and the Thumb Localizing Test (TLT), could provide reliable assessments of light touch sensation and proprioception. The purpose of this study was to verify the reliability and validity of these two examinations as indices of somatosensory impairment of the upper extremity (UE) in patients with chronic post-stroke hemiparesis.Methods: Fifty patients with chronic stroke (median time after onset of stroke, 848 [474–1708] days, mean age 57 [standard deviation 14] years) were enrolled at Keio University Hospital from 2017 to 2018. Examiners learned the original method of the SWMT and the TLT rigorously and shared it with each other. The TLT procedure was partially modified by dividing the location of the patient's thumb into four spaces. Two examiners evaluated the SWMT and the TLT for 2 days, and intra-rater and inter-rater reliabilities were calculated using weighted kappa statistics. In addition to this, the evaluator size score of the SWMT was assessed with Bland-Altman analysis to evaluate systematic bias. The Stroke Impairment Assessment Set (SIAS) sensory items were used to assess validity, and Spearman's rank correlation coefficients were calculated.Results: Intra/inter-rater agreements of the SWMT grade score were 0.89 (thumb, 95%CI: 0.83–0.95)/ 0.75 (0.60–0.91) and 0.80 (index finger, 0.67–0.93)/0.79 (0.66–0.92), and of the TLT they were 0.83 (navel level proximal space, 0.71–0.95)/ 0.83 (0.73–0.92), 0.90 (navel level distal space, 0.85–0.96)/ 0.80 (0.69–0.90), 0.80 (shoulder level proximal space, 0.68–0.92)/ 0.77 (0.65–0.89), and 0.87 (shoulder level distal space, 0.80–0.93)/ 0.80 (0.68–0.92) (P < 0.001, each item). All of them showed substantial agreement, but the MDC of the SWMT evaluator size was 1.28 to 1.79 in the inter-rater test and 1.94–2.06 in the intra-rater test. The SWMT grade score showed a strong correlation with the SIAS light touch sensation item (r = 0.65, p < 0.001), as did the TLT with the SIAS position sense item (r = −0.70–0.62, p < 0.001 each space).Conclusions: The reliability and validity of the SWMT and the TLT were verified. These tests can be used as reliable sensory examinations of the UE in patients with chronic stroke, and especially for the SWMT, it is more reliable for screening.

scholarly journals Diagnostic validity of different cephalometric analyses for assessment of the sagittal skeletal pattern

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maheen Ahmed ◽  
Attiya Shaikh ◽  
Mubassar Fida
Keyword(s):  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Class I ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Substantial Agreement ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Skeletal Pattern ◽  
Beta Angle ◽  
Final Group

Abstract Introduction: Numerous cephalometric analyses have been proposed to diagnose the sagittal discrepancy of the craniofacial structures. Objective: This study aimed at evaluating the reliability and validity of different skeletal analyses for the identification of sagittal skeletal pattern. Methods: A total of 146 subjects (males = 77; females = 69; mean age = 23.6 ± 4.6 years) were included. The ANB angle, Wits appraisal, Beta angle, AB plane angle, Downs angle of convexity and W angle were used to assess the anteroposterior skeletal pattern on lateral cephalograms. The sample was classified into Class I, II and III groups as determined by the diagnostic results of majority of the parameters. The validity and reliability of the aforementioned analyses were determined using Kappa statistics, sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV). Results: A substantial agreement was present between ANB angle and the diagnosis made by the final group (k = 0.802). In the Class I group, Downs angle of convexity showed the highest sensitivity (0.968), whereas ANB showed the highest PPV (0.910). In the Class II group, ANB angle showed the highest sensitivity (0.928) and PPV (0.951). In the Class III group, the ANB angle, the Wits appraisal and the Beta angle showed the highest sensitivity (0.902), whereas the Downs angle of convexity and the ANB angle showed the highest PPV (1.00). Conclusion: The ANB angle was found to be the most valid and reliable indicator in all sagittal groups. Downs angle of convexity, Wits appraisal and Beta angle may be used as valid indicators to assess the Class III sagittal pattern.

scholarly journals Validity and reliability of an FFQ for use with adolescents in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 368-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tang K Hong ◽  
Michael J Dibley ◽  
David Sibbritt
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Weighted Kappa ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
The Mean

AbstractObjectiveThe present study evaluates the reliability and validity of an FFQ designed for use with adolescents in urban Vietnam.DesignA cohort study was conducted between December 2003 and June 2004. The FFQ was administered three times over a 6-month period (FFQ 1–3) and nutrient intakes were compared to those obtained from four 24 h recalls collected over the same period (24 h recalls 1–4) using crude, energy-adjusted and de-attenuated correlation coefficients. The level of agreement between the two measurements was also evaluated with Bland–Altman analysis. The percentage of nutrient intakes classified within one quintile, as well as quadratic-weighted kappa statistics, were calculated.SettingHo Chi Minh City, Vietnam.SubjectsA total of 180 students were recruited in three junior high schools.ResultsCoefficients ranged from 0·22 for retinol to 0·78 for fibre for short-term reliability, and from 0·30 for retinol to 0·81 for zinc for long-term reliability. Coefficients for nutrient intakes between the mean of the three FFQ and mean of four 24 h recalls were mostly around 0·40, but higher for energy-adjusted nutrients. After allowing for within-person variation, the mean coefficient was 0·52 for macronutrients and 0·46 for micronutrients. There were a relatively high proportion of nutrient intakes classified within one quintile and a small number grossly misclassified. Kappa values shows ‘fair’ to ‘good’ agreement for all food/nutrient categories, while the Bland–Altman plots indicated that the FFQ is accurate in assessing nutrient intake at a group level.ConclusionsThis newly developed FFQ is a valid tool for measuring nutrient intake in adolescents in urban Vietnam.

scholarly journals Comparison of the validity and reliability of two image classification systems for the assessment of mammogram quality

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conrad Moreira ◽  
Kate Svoboda ◽  
Ann Poulos ◽  
Richard Taylor ◽  
Andrew Page ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expert Panel ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Observer Agreement ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
South Wales

Objective: To compare the reliability and validity of two classification systems used to evaluate the quality of mammograms: PGMI ('perfect', 'good', 'moderate' and 'inadequate') and EAR ('excellent', 'acceptable' and 'repeat'). Setting: New South Wales (Australia)population-based mammography screening programme (BreastScreen NSW). Methods: Thirty sets of mammograms were rated by 21 radiographers and an expert panel. PGMI and EAR criteria were used to assign ratings to the medio-lateral oblique (MLO) and cranio-caudal (CC) views for each setof films. Inter-observer reliability and criterion validity (compared with expert panel ratings) were assessed using mean weighted observed agreement and kappa statistics. Results: Reliability : Kappa values for both classification systems were low (0.01–0.17). PGMI producedsignificantly higher values than EAR. Agreement between raters was higher using PGMI than EAR for the MLO view (77% versus 74%, P<0.05), but was similar for the CC view. Dichotomized ratings ('acceptable' or 'needs repeating') did not improve reliability estimates. Validity : Kappavalues between raters and the reference standard were low for both classification systems (0.05–0.15). Agreement between raters and the reference standard was higher using PGMI than EAR for the MLO view (74% versus 63%), but was similar for the CC view. Dichotomized ratings of the MLOview showed slightly higher observer agreement. Conclusions: Both PGMI and EAR have poor reliability and validity in evaluating mammogram quality. EAR is not a suitable alternative to PGMI, which must be improved if it is to be useful.

scholarly journals Validation of a novel image-weighed technique for monitoring food intake and estimation of portion size in hospital settings: a pilot study

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwabena T Ofei ◽  
Bent E Mikkelsen ◽  
Rudolf A Scheller
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Portion Size ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Systematic Bias ◽  
Routine Monitoring

AbstractObjectiveOptimal nutrition for hospital patients is crucial and routine monitoring of patients’ nutrient intake is imperative. However, personalised monitoring and customised intervention using traditional methods is challenging and labour-intensive, consequently it is often neglected in hospital settings. The present pilot study aimed to examine the reliability and validity of the Dietary Intake Monitoring System (DIMS) against the weighed food method (WFM).DesignThe DIMS 2.0 is composed of an integrated digital camera, weighing scale, radio-frequency identification sensor and WIFI connection for real-time image and weight dietary data acquisition and analysis. The DIMS equipment was used to collect data for a paired set of meals both before and after meal consumption at lunchtime.SettingOdense University Hospital, Denmark.SubjectsPhotos and weights of seventeen patient meals were captured.ResultsThe results showed a significant correlation between DIMS and WFM for energy (r=0·99, P&lt;0·01) and protein intake (r=0·98, P&lt;0·01). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) revealed a high degree of agreement among the four non-trained assessors for estimates of portion size of each food item before (0·88, P&lt;0·01) and after consumption (0·99, P&lt;0·01). The ICC for energy and protein intake were 0·99 (P&lt;0·01) and 0·99 (P&lt;0·01), respectively. Bland–Altman plots revealed no systematic bias.ConclusionsConsidering the huge benefits associated with routine monitoring, technological advances have made it possible to develop a novel, easy-to-use DIMS that, according to the findings, is a valid alternative for use in hospital settings.

Using Principal Component Scores to Enhance the Validity and Reliability of Big Five Personality Measures

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-93
Author(s):  
Jeffrey M. Cucina ◽  
Nicholas L. Vasilopoulos ◽  
Arwen H. DeCostanza
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Scoring Method ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Big Five Factors ◽  
Component Scores

Abstract. Varimax rotated principal component scores (VRPCS) have previously been offered as a possible solution to the non-orthogonality of scores for the Big Five factors. However, few researchers have examined the reliability and validity of VRPCS. To address this gap, we use a lab study and a field study to investigate whether using VRPCS increase orthogonality, reliability, and criterion-related validity. Compared to the traditional unit-weighting scoring method, the use of VRPCS enhanced the reliability and discriminant validity of the Big Five factors, although there was little improvement in criterion-related validity. Results are discussed in terms of the benefit of using VRPCS instead of traditional unit-weighted sum scores.

Turkish Adaptation of Diabetic Foot Ulcer Scale–Short Form

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
İsmail Toygar ◽  
Sadık Hançerlioğlu ◽  
Selden Gül ◽  
Tülün Utku ◽  
Ilgın Yıldırım Şimşir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Turkish Version ◽  
Patient Identification ◽  
Validity Index ◽  
Content Validity Index

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Diabetic Foot Scale–Short Form (DFS-SF). The study was cross-sectional and conducted between January and October 2019 in a diabetic foot council of a university hospital. A total of 194 diabetic foot patients participated in the study. A Patient Identification Form and DFS-SF were used for data collection. Forward and backward translations were used in language validity. Expert opinions were obtained to determine the Content Validity Index. To determine construct validity, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used. Cronbach’s α internal consistency coefficient, item-scale correlation, and test-retest reliability were used to evaluate reliability. It was found that Content Validity Index was 0.97 (0.86-1.00), the factor loading of scale varied from 0.378 to 0.982, Cronbach’s α value varied from 0.81 to 0.94, and item-total correlations were between 0.30 and 0.75. The Turkish version of the DFS-SF was found valid and reliable to measure the quality of life of diabetic foot patients.

Validity and reliability of the Mandarin version of the Treatment Burden Questionnaire among stroke patients in Mainland China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Ke Zhang ◽  
Miao Li ◽  
Jiaxin Gu ◽  
Xintong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Treatment Burden ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Objectives To examine the validity and reliability of the Mandarin version of the Treatment Burden Questionnaire (TBQ) among stroke patients. Background Stroke patients need long-term management of symptoms and life situation, and treatment burden has recently emerged as a new concept that can influence the health outcomes during the rehabilitation process. Methods The convenience sampling method was used to recruit 187 cases of stroke patients in a tertiary grade hospital in Tianjin for a formal investigation. Item analysis, reliability and validity tests were carried out. The reliability test included internal consistency and test–retest reliability. And as well as content, structure and convergent validity were performed for the validity test. Results Of the 187 completed questionnaires, only 180 (96.3%) were suitable for analysis. According to the experts’ evaluation, the I-CVI of each item was from 0.833 to 1.000, and the S-CVI was 0.967. The exploratory factor analysis yielded three-factor components with a cumulative variation of 53.054%. Convergent validity was demonstrated using measures of Morisky’s Medication Adherence Scale 8 (r = –0.450, P &lt; 0.01). All correlations between items and global scores ranged from 0.403 to 0.638. Internal consistency reliability and test–retest reliability were found to be acceptable, as indicated by a Cronbach’s α of 0.824 and an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.846, respectively. Conclusions The Mandarin TBQ had acceptable validity and reliability. The use of TBQ in the assessment of treatment burden of stroke survivor may benefit health resources allocation and provide tailor therapeutic interventions to construct minimally disruptive care.

The Clinician’s Subjective Experience during the Interaction with Adolescent Psychiatric Patients: Validity and Reliability of the Assessment of Clinician’s Subjective Experience

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Angelo Picardi ◽  
Sara Panunzi ◽  
Sofia Misuraca ◽  
Chiara Di Maggio ◽  
Andrea Maugeri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Validity And Reliability

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The last decade has witnessed a resurgence of interest in the clinician’s subjectivity and its role in the diagnostic assessment. Integrating the criteriological, third-person approach to patient evaluation and psychiatric diagnosis with other approaches that take into account the patient’s subjective and intersubjective experience may bear particular importance in the assessment of very young patients. The ACSE (Assessment of Clinician’s Subjective Experience) instrument may provide a practical way to probe the intersubjective field of the clinical examination; however, its reliability and validity in child and adolescent psychiatrists seeing very young patients is still to be determined. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Thirty-three clinicians and 278 first-contact patients aged 12–17 years participated in this study. The clinicians completed the ACSE instrument and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale after seeing the patient, and the Profile of Mood State (POMS) just before seeing the patient and immediately after. The ACSE was completed again for 45 patients over a short (1–4 days) retest interval. <b><i>Results:</i></b> All ACSE scales showed high internal consistency and moderate to high temporal stability. Also, they displayed meaningful correlations with the changes in conceptually related POMS scales during the clinical examination. <b><i>Discussion:</i></b> The findings corroborate and extend previous work on adult patients and suggest that the ACSE provides a valid and reliable measure of the clinician’s subjective experience in adolescent psychiatric practice, too. The instrument may prove to be useful to help identify patients in the early stages of psychosis, in whom subtle alterations of being with others may be the only detectable sign. Future studies are needed to determine the feasibility and usefulness of integrating the ACSE within current approaches to the evaluation of at-risk mental states.

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