scholarly journals Radiomics Models for the Preoperative Prediction of Pelvic and Sacral Tumor Types: A Single-Center Retrospective Study of 795 Cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Yin ◽  
Xin Zhi ◽  
Chao Sun ◽  
Sicong Wang ◽  
Xia Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Giant Cell Tumors ◽  
Neurogenic Tumors ◽  
Sacral Tumor ◽  
Sacral Tumors ◽  
Tumor Types ◽  
Class Models

PurposeTo assess the performance of random forest (RF)-based radiomics approaches based on 3D computed tomography (CT) and clinical features to predict the types of pelvic and sacral tumors.Materials and MethodsA total of 795 patients with pathologically confirmed pelvic and sacral tumors were analyzed, including metastatic tumors (n = 181), chordomas (n = 85), giant cell tumors (n =120), chondrosarcoma (n = 127), osteosarcoma (n = 106), neurogenic tumors (n = 95), and Ewing’s sarcoma (n = 81). After semi-automatic segmentation, 1316 hand-crafted radiomics features of each patient were extracted. Four radiomics models (RMs) and four clinical-RMs were built to identify these seven types of tumors. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and accuracy (ACC) were used to evaluate different models.ResultsIn total, 795 patients (432 males, 363 females; mean age of 42.1 ± 17.8 years) were consisted of 215 benign tumors and 580 malignant tumors. The sex, age, history of malignancy and tumor location had significant differences between benign and malignant tumors (P < 0.05). For the two-class models, clinical-RM2 (AUC = 0.928, ACC = 0.877) performed better than clinical-RM1 (AUC = 0.899, ACC = 0.854). For the three-class models, the proposed clinical-RM3 achieved AUCs between 0.923 (for chordoma) and 0.964 (for sarcoma), while the AUCs of the clinical-RM4 ranged from 0.799 (for osteosarcoma) to 0.869 (for chondrosarcoma) in the validation set.ConclusionsThe RF-based clinical-radiomics models provided high discriminatory performance in predicting pelvic and sacral tumor types, which could be used for clinical decision-making.

Spontaneous neoplasms in zoo mammals, birds, and reptiles in Taiwan – a 10-year survey

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Fei Pang ◽  
Pen-Heng Chang ◽  
Fun-In Wang ◽  
Shih-Chien Chin ◽  
Chian-Ren Jeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Uterine Smooth Muscle ◽  
Predominant Type ◽  
Smooth Muscle Tumors ◽  
Reptile Species ◽  
Zoo Animals ◽  
Tumor Types

AbstractThe characteristics of 163 spontaneous neoplasms diagnosed in 150 necropsied zoo mammals, birds, and reptiles at Taipei Zoo during 1994-2003 were analyzed. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry were employed to classify the tumor types. A total of 2657 necropsied zoo animals, including 1335 mammals, 873 birds and 449 reptiles led to the diagnosis of tumor in 8.1% (108/1335), 4.2% (37/873) and 1.1% (5/449) of cases, respectively. The most predominant type of tumors in mammals was mammary gland tumors (12.0%, 13/108), followed by uterine smooth muscle tumors (10.2%, 11/108), lymphosarcoma (9.3%, 10/108), hepatocellular carcinoma (8.3%, 9/108), and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (6.5%, 7/108). The avian neoplasm with the highest incidence was lymphosarcoma (35.1%, 13/37). Five individual neoplasms were found in different reptile species. The overall incidence of malignant tumors (63.8%, 104/163) was greater than that of benign tumors (36.2%, 59/163). Immunohistochemistry characterization of these tumors revealed a histogenesis which is similar to that seen in domestic animals and humans.

scholarly journals Image-guided resection of aggressive sacral tumors

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. E15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doniel Drazin ◽  
Neil Bhamb ◽  
Lutfi T. Al-Khouja ◽  
Ari D. Kappel ◽  
Terrence T. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Image Guided Surgery ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Giant Cell Tumors ◽  
Guided Surgery ◽  
Image Guided ◽  
Sacral Tumors

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to identify and discuss operative nuances utilizing image guidance in the surgical management of aggressive sacral tumors. METHODS The authors report on their single-institution, multi-surgeon, retrospective case series involving patients with pathology-proven aggressive sacral tumors treated between 2009 and 2016. They also reviewed the literature to identify articles related to aggressive sacral tumors, their diagnosis, and their surgical treatment and discuss the results together with their own experience. Information, including background, imaging, treatment, and surgical pearls, is organized by tumor type. RESULTS Review of the institutional records identified 6 patients with sacral tumors who underwent surgery between 2009 and 2016. All 6 patients were treated with image-guided surgery using cone-beam CT technology (O-arm). The surgical technique used is described in detail, and 2 illustrative cases are presented. From the literature, the authors compiled information about chordomas, chondrosarcomas, giant cell tumors, and osteosarcomas and organized it by tumor type, providing a detailed discussion of background, imaging, and treatment as well as surgical pearls for each tumor type. CONCLUSIONS Aggressive sacral tumors can be an extremely difficult challenge for both the patient and the treating physician. The selected surgical intervention varies depending on the type of tumor, size, and location. Surgery can have profound risks including neural compression, lumbopelvic instability, and suboptimal oncological resection. Focusing on the operative nuances for each type can help prevent many of these complications. Anecdotal evidence is provided that utilization of image-guided surgery to aid in tumor resection at our institution has helped reduce blood loss and the local recurrence rate while preserving function in both malignant and aggressive benign tumors affecting the sacrum.

scholarly journals Differential expression and processing of secretogranin II in relation to the status of pheochromocytoma: implications for the production of the tumoral marker EM66

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Guillemot ◽  
E Thouënnon ◽  
M Guérin ◽  
V Vallet-Erdtmann ◽  
A Ravni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Secretogranin Ii ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
The Status ◽  
Responsive Element ◽  
Plasma Marker

We have previously demonstrated that measurement of tissue concentrations of the secretogranin II (SgII or SCG2 as listed in the HUGO database)-derived peptide EM66 may help to discriminate between benign and malignant pheochromocytomas and that EM66 represents a sensitive plasma marker of pheochromocytomas. Here, we investigated the gene expression and protein production of SgII in 13 normal adrenal glands, and 35 benign and 16 malignant pheochromocytomas with the goal to examine the molecular mechanisms leading to the marked variations in the expression of EM66 in tumoral chromaffin tissue. EM66 peptide levels were 16-fold higher in benign than in malignant pheochromocytomas and had an area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve of 0.95 for the distinction of benign and malignant tumors. Q-PCR experiments indicated that the SgII gene was significantly underexpressed in malignant tumors compared with benign tumors. Western blot analysis using antisera directed against SgII and SgII-derived fragments revealed lower SgII protein and SgII-processing products in malignant tumors. Western blot also showed that low p-cAMP-responsive element-binding (CREB) concentrations seemed to be associated with the malignant status. In addition, the prohormone convertase PC1 and PC2 genes and proteins were overexpressed in benign pheochromocytomas compared with malignant pheochromocytomas. Low concentrations of EM66 found in malignant tumors are associated with reduced expression and production of SgII and SgII-derived peptides that could be ascribed to a decrease in SgII gene transcription, probably linked to p-CREB down-regulation, and to lower PC levels. These findings highlight the mechanisms leading to lower concentrations of EM66 in malignant pheochromocytoma and strengthen the notion that this peptide is a suitable marker of this neuroendocrine tumor.

Early results of real-time qualitative sonoelastography in the evaluation of parotid gland masses: A study with histopathological correlation

2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan Celebi ◽  
Abdullah S Mahmutoglu
Keyword(s):  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Kappa Statistic ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Early Results

Background Sonoelastography has been used to differentiate malignant from benign lesions in numerous types of tissues including breast, prostate, liver, blood vessels, thyroid, musculoskeletal structures, and salivary glands. Purpose To evaluate the efficacy and application of real-time qualitative sonoelastography in the differentiation of benign and malignant focal parotid gland lesions. Material and Methods A total of 75 patients (36 boys/men, 39 girls/women; age range, 10–83 years) with 81 lesions were evaluated prospectively by sonoelastography performed and interpreted by two expert radiologists. The results of these experts classification and scoring of lesions according to relative stiffness of the mass were compared with each other and with histopathological findings. The interpretation of sonoelastography scores of 1–4 were as follows: 1, soft; 2, mostly soft; 3, mostly stiff; and 4, stiff. Results The kappa statistic of 0.508 (P <, 0.001) indicated moderate agreement between the two radiologists. The sonoelastography scores correctly diagnosed 30 of 49 benign tumors (sensitivity, 61.2%) and 19 of 32 malignant tumors (specificity, 59.4%). The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve was 0.603. The diagnostic value of sonoelastography for evaluating pleomorphic adenomas, Warthin tumors, adenoid cystic carcinoma, and high-grade tumors was low, whereas the diagnostic rates for low-grade tumors such as mucoepidermoid carcinoma, acinic cell carcinoma, and metastases of basal cell carcinoma were better with sonoelastography. Conclusion Although sonoelastography seems to be promising in the differentiating of low-grade malignancies, the primary role of radiology is currently limited to determination of localization, size, and morphology of parotid tumors.

scholarly journals Significance of Coagulation and Fibrinolysis Markers for Benign and Malignant Soft Tissue Tumors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunihiro Asanuma ◽  
Tomoki Nakamura ◽  
Tomohito Hagi ◽  
Takayuki Okamoto ◽  
Kouji Kita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Clinicopathological Parameters ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Benign Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Coagulation And Fibrinolysis

Abstract Background: The intimate relationship between coagulation and fibrinolysis in malignant tumors is a well-known phenomena, with the malignant phenotype enhancing coagulation and fibrinolysis. We hypothesized that soft tissue sarcoma (STS) affects the expression of coagulation and fibrinolysis markers, which could be used to distinguish STS from benign soft tissue tumors. We analyzed the correlations between plasma levels of D-dimer (DD), plasmin-α2 plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC), soluble fibrin (SF), and thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT) in benign soft tissue tumors and STS to elucidate whether these markers can be used to predict STS.Methods: Plasma DD, PIC, SF and TAT levels in primary soft tissue tumors (benign, 67, STS 68) were measured before biopsy or treatment. The marker levels were analyzed and compared to various clinicopathological parameters.Results: In malignancy (STS), the average DD, PIC and SF levels were significantly higher than in benign tumors. Multivariate logistic analysis of continuous variables indicated that only PIC exhibited a significant difference (OR: 24.5, 95%CI: 3.55-170, p=0.0012). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis produced area under the curve values for DD: 0.691, PIC: 0.784, SF: 0.734 and TAT: 0.588. Youden’s index was used to establish thresholds of 0.37 (DD), 0.80 (PIC), 0.90 (SF) and 0.82 (TAT). Threshold values for PIC and SF indicated high specificity (0.881, 0.791) and high positive predictive value (0.818, 0.745), respectively The highest accuracy value among the markers was observed for PIC (0.704). Significant differences in multivariate analysis of binary variables were demonstrated by categorizing low and high groups based on their threshold, PIC (≥0.80) (OR: 3.36, 95%CI: 1.19-9.43, p=0.0212) and SF (≥0.90) (OR: 2.63, 95%CI: 1.04-6.66, p=0.0404) . Conclusions: Of the coagulation and fibrinolysis markers studied, increased PIC levels were related to STS and over 0.80 PIC was the most suitable for the prediction of STS, which, along with other diagnostic tools, represents a helpful subsidiary tool for the prediction of STS.

Preoperative Evaluation of the ADNEX Model for the Prediction of the Ovarian Cancer Risk of Adnexal Masses at Siriraj Hospital

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Vitcha Poonyakanok ◽  
Prasong Tanmahasamut ◽  
Atthapon Jaishuen ◽  
Thanyarat Wongwananuruk ◽  
Chutimon Asumpinwong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Diagnostic Study ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Risk ◽  
Cutoff Value ◽  
Adnexal Masses ◽  
Siriraj Hospital

Introduction: Distinguishing benign adnexal masses from malignant tumors plays an important role in preoperative planning and improving patients’ survival rates. The International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) group developed a model termed the Assessment of Different NEoplasias in the adneXa (ADNEX). Objective: Our objective was to evaluate the performance of the ADNEX model in distinguishing between benign and malignant tumors at a cutoff value of 10%. Methods: This was a prospective diagnostic study. 357 patients with an adnexal mass who were scheduled for surgery at Siriraj Hospital were included from May 1, 2018, to May 30, 2019. All patients were undergoing ultrasonography, and serum CA125 was measured. Data were calculated by the ADNEX model via an IOTA ADNEX calculator. Results: Of the 357 patients, 296 had benign tumors and 61 had malignant tumors. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for using the ADNEX model was 0.975 (95% confidence interval, 0.953–0.988). At a 10% cutoff, the sensitivity was 98.4% and specificity was 87.2%. The best cutoff value was at 16.6% in our population. Conclusions: The performance of the ADNEX model in differentiating benign and malignant tumors was excellent.

scholarly journals Parapharyngeal space tumors: considerations in 26 cases

1999 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfio José Tincani ◽  
Antonio Santos Martins ◽  
Albina Altemani ◽  
Rui Carlos Scanavini Jr. ◽  
Gilson Barreto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parapharyngeal Space ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Surgical Morbidity ◽  
Neurogenic Tumors ◽  
Parapharyngeal Space Tumors

CONTEXT: Parapharyngeal space tumors comprise less than 0.5% of all head and neck neoplasms.1 The majority of these tumors are benign, but surgery is usually required to establish the diagnosis and treat the patients. We present 26 patients treated surgically for tumors arising in the parapharyngeal space (PPS) at the State University of Campinas Hospital – UNICAMP. CASES SERIE: Of these, 17 (65.5%) had benign and 9 (34.6%) malignant neoplasms. The surgical and pathological data relevant to these cases are highlighted, observing any local recurrence, surgical complications and the five-year survival. Neurogenic tumors and soft tissue sarcomas were, respectively, the most frequent benign (35.3%) and malignant neoplasms (44.5%). Benign tumors accounted for the majority of the cases and involved minimal surgical morbidity with no recurrence during a median follow-up of five years. Malignant tumors had a high rate of recurrence and mortality. Surgery is the treatment of choice for PPS tumors. A knowledge of the anatomy of this site is essential for the safe performance of surgical procedures. Malignant neoplasms have a poor prognosis. Fine needle aspiration was helpful in diagnosis of all tumors.

Primary Intrathoracic Neurogenic Tumors: Clinical, Pathological, and Long-Term Outcomes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico Galetta ◽  
Lorenzo Spaggiari
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Postoperative Radiotherapy ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Posterior Mediastinum ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Thoracic Inlet ◽  
Neurogenic Tumors

Abstract Background Intrathoracic neurogenic tumors (INTs) are uncommon neoplasms arising from nerve tissues. We report our single-center experience in treating these rare INTs. Methods Using a prospective institutional database, clinical, surgical, and pathological records of patients receiving resection of INT between May 1998 and June 2018 were analyzed. Survival was calculated by Kaplan–Meier method. Results There were 82 patients (24 females) with an average age of 53 years (29–75 years). Mean diameter was 32 mm (range, 12–68 mm). Histology included 49 schwannomas (11 malignant), 15 neurinomas (2 malignant), 14 neurilemmomas, and 4 paragangliomas. Tumor was located in the posterior mediastinum in 52 patients, in the thoracic inlet in 12, in the anterior mediastinum in 7, in the lung parenchyma in 5, and in the chest wall in 3. In three (3.6%) patients, the tumor showed an intraspinal extension. Symptoms were reported in 51 patients (62.2%) and included cough in 23, dyspnea in 15, neurologic symptoms in 11, and wheezing in 2. Operation was performed by thoracotomy in 42 (51.2%) cases and less invasive technique in 40 (48.8%) cases. Resection was completed in 80 patients (97.6%). Postoperative radiotherapy was administered in two cases. Intraoperative and postoperative mortalities were nil. Morbidity occurred in four patients (4.8%) including two prolonged air leaks, one hemothorax, and one chylothorax. Five-year survival was 97% (mean follow-up, 4.9 years). Malignant tumors had a worse prognosis (p = 0.02). No recurrence occurred during the follow-up neither for malignant nor for benign tumors. Conclusion The treatment of choice for INTs is complete resection which will be tailored to tumor size, location, and extension. Long-term prognosis is favorable for benign neurogenic tumors.

scholarly journals Significance of coagulation and fibrinolysis markers for benign and malignant soft tissue tumors

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunihiro Asanuma ◽  
Tomoki Nakamura ◽  
Tomohito Hagi ◽  
Takayuki Okamoto ◽  
Kouji Kita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Clinicopathological Parameters ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Benign Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Coagulation And Fibrinolysis

Abstract Background The intimate relationship between coagulation and fibrinolysis in malignant tumors is a well-known phenomena, with the malignant phenotype enhancing coagulation and fibrinolysis. We hypothesized that soft tissue sarcoma (STS) affects the expression of coagulation and fibrinolysis markers, which could be used to distinguish STS from benign soft tissue tumors. We analyzed the correlations between plasma levels of D-dimer (DD), plasmin-α2 plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC), soluble fibrin (SF), and thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT) in benign soft tissue tumors and STS to elucidate whether these markers can be used to predict STS. Methods Plasma DD, PIC, SF and TAT levels in primary soft tissue tumors (benign 67, STS 68) were measured before biopsy or treatment. The marker levels were analyzed and compared to various clinicopathological parameters. Results In malignancy (STS), the average DD, PIC and SF levels were significantly higher than in benign tumors. Multivariate logistic analysis of continuous variables indicated that only PIC exhibited a significant difference (OR: 24.5, 95%CI: 3.55–170, p = 0.0012). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis produced area under the curve values for DD: 0.691, PIC: 0.784, SF: 0.734 and TAT: 0.588. Youden’s index was used to establish thresholds of 0.37 (DD), 0.80 (PIC), 0.90 (SF) and 0.82 (TAT). Threshold values for PIC and SF indicated high specificity (0.881, 0.791) and high positive predictive value (0.818, 0.745), respectively. The highest accuracy value among the markers was observed for PIC (0.704). Significant differences in multivariate analysis of binary variables were demonstrated by categorizing low and high groups based on their threshold, PIC (≥0.80) (OR: 3.36, 95%CI: 1.19–9.43, p = 0.0212) and SF (≥0.90) (OR: 2.63, 95%CI: 1.04–6.66, p = 0.0404) . Conclusions Of the coagulation and fibrinolysis markers studied, increased PIC levels were related to STS and over 0.80 PIC was the most suitable for the prediction of STS, which, along with other diagnostic tools, represents a helpful subsidiary tool for the prediction of STS.

Inclusion of CA-125 Does Not Improve Mathematical Models Developed to Distinguish Between Benign and Malignant Adnexal Tumors

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (27) ◽  
pp. 4194-4200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Timmerman ◽  
Ben Van Calster ◽  
Davor Jurkovic ◽  
Lil Valentin ◽  
Antonia C. Testa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Color Doppler Imaging ◽  
Doppler Imaging ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Adnexal Masses

Purpose To test the value of serum CA-125 measurements alone or as part of a multimodal strategy to distinguish between malignant and benign ovarian tumors before surgery based on a large prospective multicenter study (International Ovarian Tumor Analysis). Patients and Methods Patients with at least one persistent ovarian mass preoperatively underwent transvaginal ultrasonography using gray scale imaging to assess tumor morphology and color Doppler imaging to obtain indices of blood flow. Results Data from 809 patients recruited from nine centers were included in the analysis; 567 patients (70%) had benign tumors and 242 (30%) had malignant tumors—of these 152 were primary invasive (62.8%), 52 were borderline malignant (21.5%), and 38 were metastatic (15.7%). A logistic regression model including CA-125 (M2) resulted in an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.934 and did not outperform a published (M1) without serum CA-125 information (AUC, 0.936). Specifically designed new models including CA-125 for premenopausal women (M3) and for postmenopausal women (M4) did not perform significantly better than the model without CA-125 (M1; AUC, 0.891 v AUC, 0.911 and AUC, 0.975 v AUC, 0.949, respectively). In postmenopausal patients, serum CA-125 alone (AUC, 0.920) and the risk of malignancy index (AUC, 0.924) performed very well. Results were very similar when the models were prospectively tested on a group of 345 new patients with adnexal masses of whom 126 had malignant tumors (37%). Conclusion Adding information on CA-125 to clinical information and ultrasound information does not improve discrimination of mathematical models between benign and malignant adnexal masses.

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