scholarly journals Trends in Colorectal Cancer Incidence Rates in Saudi Arabia (2001–2016) Using Saudi National Registry: Early- Versus Late-Onset Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mesnad Alyabsi ◽  
Mohammed Algarni ◽  
Kanan Alshammari
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
National Registry ◽  
Percentage Change ◽  
Annual Percentage Change ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Incidence Trends

Early-onset (<50 years old) colorectal cancer (CRC) has been increasing worldwide and is associated with poor outcomes. Over 85% of the Saudi population are <50 years old, which put them at heightened risk of early-onset CRC. No study assessed the trends in CRC incidence rates among the Saudis. The Joinpoint Regression software by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program was used to estimate the magnitude and direction of CRC incidence trends by age and gender. The annual percentage change (APC) and the average annual percentage change (AAPC) between 2001 and 2016 were computed. In a sensitivity analysis, we also assessed trends using various age groups. Between 2001 and 2016, the early-onset CRC incidence (per 105) increased from 1.32 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.54) to 2.02 (95% CI: 1.83, 2.22) with AAPC (2.6, 95% CI: -0.4, 5.7). At same period, the late-onset incidence increased from 3.54 (95% CI: 3.10, 3.97) to 9.14 (95% CI: 8.62, 9.66) with AAPC (6.1, 95% CI: 3.5, 8.8). Among early-onset CRC patients, age 40–49 has the highest rates and women in this age group has higher rate than men. Our national data showed a gradual increase in CRC incidence rates, which reflect the global concern of early-onset CRC. Further research is needed to understand the etiology of early-onset CRC. Primary health care providers must be alerted about the increasing rate of early-onset CRC. To reduce the future burden of the disease, initiating CRC screening before age 50 is warranted.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Rising Secular Trends of Incidence and Partial Prevalence of Colorectal Cancer in Iran: Join point regression

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mouhebat Vali ◽  
Hossein Molavi Vardanjani ◽  
Jafar Hassanzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Percentage Change ◽  
Annual Percentage Change ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Population Information ◽  
Colon And Rectum ◽  
Join Point

Abstract Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is expected to be of the most common cancers in developing countries, where the its mortality is high and less services are avaiable for cancer survivors. Methods To assess the incidence rate, firstly, the incidence rates of colon and rectum reported in the two sites of http://globocan.iarc.fr and http://healthdata.org from 1990 to 2017 were extracted based on gender and age groups (less than 40 and more than 40 years old), In the next step, according to the incidence and APC(annual percentage change) provided in the previous step, we predicted the incidence for the next years according to the formulas. we Estimated the prevalence of 1-year, 2-3 year and 4-5 year using survival and incidence according to the formula. At the end we predicted prevalence by 2030 in Iran. Results In our study, AAPC(average annual percentage change) for women was found to be 4.07%(CI: 3.76-4.39) in all age groups and AAPC= 4.30%(CI: 4.14-4.47) for men in all age groups. the predicted incidence in the group under 40 that in men it reaches from about 12 to 15 per 100,000 and for women from about 10 to 11 per 100,000. While the increase of 100/ 10000 was found in the women over 40 years and the increase of 150/100,000 was obtained in men. And In all groups, predicted prevalence rate increases. In the group under 40 and the group over 40 prevalence increase about 2000 and 26000 numbers respectively in women and men from 2000 to 2030. Conclusions With regard to the above mentioned cases, there is a strong need for cancers registry, which is the population information and follow-up of patients, and the establishment of research institutes to determine the basic needs of patients.

scholarly journals A27 INCREASING INCIDENCE OF COLORECTAL CANCER IN ADULTS UNDER AGE OF 50 IN ALBERTA

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 33-34
Author(s):  
E Y Liu ◽  
C Wong
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Percentage Change ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Annual Percentage Change ◽  
Cancer Society ◽  
Annual Increase ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Incident Cases

Abstract Background Overall colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence has been decreasing in Canada since the early 2000s, most likely due to increased use of colorectal cancer screening for adults over the age of 50. However, the incidence of CRC may be rising in adults younger than age 50 both in Canada and the USA. The American Cancer Society in 2018 issued a qualified recommendation that people with an average risk of CRC should start screening at age 45. The burden of CRC in adults under the age of 50 is not well-characterized in Alberta. Aims The aim of this study is to determine the incidence trends in colorectal cancer in adults under the age of 50 compared to those over the age of 50 in Alberta. Methods This cohort study determined the incidence of colorectal cancer in patients under the age of 50 compared to those over the age of 50 reported to the Alberta Cancer Registry (ACR) from 2010 to 2017. Annualized percentage changes (APCs) in incidence rate were estimated using the Joinpoint Regression Program 4.7.0.0 (Nation Cancer Institute). APCs in relative risk of CRC in different age groups compared to the 50–74 age group were also estimated in the same methodology. Results From 2010 to 2017 there were 17167 incident cases of colorectal cancer. Of these, 92% were in adults over the age of 50 while 8% were in those under the age of 50. For adults under the age of 50, incidence of CRC increased from 6 to 7.2 per 100,000 with a mean annual percentage change of 2.58% between 2010 and 2017. This is in contrast to adults over the age of 50, where the incidence of CRC decreased from 170 to 128 per 100,000 with a mean annual percentage change of -1.64% from 2010 to 2015 and -9.42% from 2015 to 2017. Compared to the 50–74 age group, the average relative risk of CRC in the 46–49 age group is 0.26 with an annual increase of 0.55%; while in the 40–45 age group the average relative risk of CRC is 0.15 with an annual increase of 2.61%. Conclusions Similar to national incidence trends, the incidence of CRC in adults under the age of 50 is increasing in Alberta. Although the overall incidence in this population is relatively low, suspicion of CRC in adults under age 50 can help prevent delays in diagnosis. Incidence of colorectal cancer in Alberta for adults under the age of 50 increased from 6 to 7.2 per 100,000 with a mean annual percentage change of 2.58% between 2010 and 2017. Funding Agencies None

scholarly journals Racial Disparities and Sex Differences in Early- and Late-Onset Colorectal Cancer Incidence, 2001–2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica L. Petrick ◽  
Lauren E. Barber ◽  
Shaneda Warren Andersen ◽  
Andrea A. Florio ◽  
Julie R. Palmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumor ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
American Indians ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Cancer Statistics ◽  
Alaskan Natives ◽  
The Us

BackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) incidence rates have increased in younger individuals worldwide. We examined the most recent early- and late-onset CRC rates for the US.MethodsAge-standardized incidence rates (ASIR, per 100,000) of CRC were calculated using the US Cancer Statistics Database’s high-quality population-based cancer registry data from the entire US population. Results were cross-classified by age (20-49 [early-onset] and 50-74 years [late-onset]), race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, American Indian/Alaskan Native, Asian/Pacific Islander), sex, anatomic location (proximal, distal, rectal), and histology (adenocarcinoma, neuroendocrine).ResultsDuring 2001 through 2018, early-onset CRC rates significantly increased among American Indians/Alaskan Natives, Hispanics, and Whites. Compared to Whites, early-onset CRC rates are now 21% higher in American Indians/Alaskan Natives and 6% higher in Blacks. Rates of early-onset colorectal neuroendocrine tumors have increased in Whites, Blacks, and Hispanics; early-onset colorectal neuroendocrine tumor rates are 2-times higher in Blacks compared to Whites. Late-onset colorectal adenocarcinoma rates are decreasing, while late-onset colorectal neuroendocrine tumor rates are increasing, in all racial/ethnic groups. Late-onset CRC rates remain 29% higher in Blacks and 15% higher in American Indians/Alaskan Natives compared to Whites. Overall, CRC incidence was higher in men than women, but incidence of early-onset distal colon cancer was higher in women.ConclusionsThe early-onset CRC disparity between Blacks and Whites has decreased, due to increasing rates in Whites—rates in Blacks have remained stable. However, rates of colorectal neuroendocrine tumors are increasing in Blacks. Blacks and American Indians/Alaskan Natives have the highest rates of both early- and late-onset CRC.ImpactOngoing prevention efforts must ensure access to and uptake of CRC screening for Blacks and American Indians/Alaskan Natives.

scholarly journals High prevalence of TP53 loss and whole-genome doubling in early-onset colorectal cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong Eun Kim ◽  
Jaeyong Choi ◽  
Chang-Ohk Sung ◽  
Yong Sang Hong ◽  
Sun Young Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Cancer Genome Atlas ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Genome Doubling ◽  
Whole Genome Doubling ◽  
Early Onset Colorectal Cancer

AbstractThe global incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC) is rapidly rising. However, the reason for this rise in incidence as well as the genomic characteristics of EO-CRC remain largely unknown. We performed whole-exome sequencing in 47 cases of EO-CRC and targeted deep sequencing in 833 cases of CRC. Mutational profiles of EO-CRC were compared with previously published large-scale studies. EO-CRC and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data were further investigated according to copy number profiles and mutation timing. We classified colorectal cancer into three subgroups: the hypermutated group consisted of mutations in POLE and mismatch repair genes; the whole-genome doubling group had early functional loss of TP53 that led to whole-genome doubling and focal oncogene amplification; the genome-stable group had mutations in APC and KRAS, similar to conventional colon cancer. Among non-hypermutated samples, whole-genome doubling was more prevalent in early-onset than in late-onset disease (54% vs 38%, Fisher’s exact P = 0.04). More than half of non-hypermutated EO-CRC cases involved early TP53 mutation and whole-genome doubling, which led to notable differences in mutation frequencies between age groups. Alternative carcinogenesis involving genomic instability via loss of TP53 may be related to the rise in EO-CRC.

scholarly journals Distinct high resolution genome profiles of early onset and late onset colorectal cancer integrated with gene expression data identify candidate susceptibility loci

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Berg ◽  
Trude H Agesen ◽  
Espen Thiis-Evensen ◽  
INFAC-study group [infac] ◽  
Marianne A Merok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Gene Expression Data ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Expression Data ◽  
Susceptibility Loci ◽  
Genome Profiles

scholarly journals Are we missing an epidemic of HIV-associated nephropathy?

1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
J A Winston ◽  
P E Klotman
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Diagnostic Category ◽  
National Registry ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Serological Screening ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
The Third ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Changing Demographics

HIV-associated nephropathy is infrequently cited as a common cause of ESRD. It is likely, however, that by the end of the decade, HIV-associated nephropathy will be the third leading cause of ESRD in African Americans between the ages of 20 and 64. Underreporting for reasons of confidentiality and a failure to track this specific diagnostic category nationally may account for the nephrology community's inattention. As a result of this community's failure to define this issue, national agencies are poorly prepared to recognize and anticipate the changing demographics of the AIDS epidemic as it affects the practice of nephrology. The study presented here concluded: that a national registry should be created to track the incidence of HIV-associated nephropathy as a cause of ESRD; that renal biopsies should be routinely performed to confirm the clinical diagnosis of HIV-associated nephropathy; that anonymous serological screening of all patients and health care providers in dialysis units be reconsidered in order to maintain vigilance for potential unit outbreaks; that the National Institutes of Health and the Office of AIDS Research be better appraised of the importance of this issue by the nephrology community; and that special attention be directed toward the underlying cause(s) of HIV-associated nephropathy and the cofactor(s) that determine the predilection of this disease in blacks.

Evaluation of the Risk of Therapy-Associated Complications in Survivors of Hodgkin Lymphoma

Hematology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lois B. Travis
Keyword(s):  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Late Effects ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Risk Measures ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Study Designs

Abstract Given the improvements in survival of patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) in the last three decades, quantification of the late effects of successful treatment has become critical. Since the highest incidence rates of HL occur at ages 20 to 34 years, large numbers of patients remain at lifelong risk for the late effects of treatment. Deaths due to second cancers are now the most common cause of mortality among long-term survivors of HL, followed by cardiac disease. Risk measures of these and other late sequelae, however, can vary markedly between investigations, depending on the types of treatment, the rigor with which epidemiologic study designs are applied, ascertainment of events of interest, the duration and completeness of follow-up, and consideration of competing risks. Further, numerous influences apart from therapy can affect late effects, including patient age, sex, race, lifestyle factors (tobacco, alcohol, diet), comorbidities, and the underlying cancer process. In the future, it will become increasingly important for health-care providers to be able to critically evaluate the risk of late effects in HL survivors, which will include a working knowledge of various epidemiologic study designs and risk measures and an ability to judiciously review the medical literature. In this article, the methods, significance and caveats in calculating and reporting risks of complications of treatment for HL are reviewed.

scholarly journals A Personalized Approach of Patient–Health Care Provider Communication Regarding Colorectal Cancer Screening Options

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 601-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gabriela Sava ◽  
James G. Dolan ◽  
Jerrold H. May ◽  
Luis G. Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Screening ◽  
Health Care Provider ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Care Provider ◽  
Medical Decision ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Care Providers

Background. Current colorectal cancer screening guidelines by the US Preventive Services Task Force endorse multiple options for average-risk patients and recommend that screening choices should be guided by individual patient preferences. Implementing these recommendations in practice is challenging because they depend on accurate and efficient elicitation and assessment of preferences from patients who are facing a novel task. Objective. To present a methodology for analyzing the sensitivity and stability of a patient’s preferences regarding colorectal cancer screening options and to provide a starting point for a personalized discussion between the patient and the health care provider about the selection of the appropriate screening option. Methods. This research is a secondary analysis of patient preference data collected as part of a previous study. We propose new measures of preference sensitivity and stability that can be used to determine if additional information provided would result in a change to the initially most preferred colorectal cancer screening option. Results. Illustrative results of applying the methodology to the preferences of 2 patients, of different ages, are provided. The results show that different combinations of screening options are viable for each patient and that the health care provider should emphasize different information during the medical decision-making process. Conclusion. Sensitivity and stability analysis can supply health care providers with key topics to focus on when communicating with a patient and the degree of emphasis to place on each of them to accomplish specific goals. The insights provided by the analysis can be used by health care providers to approach communication with patients in a more personalized way, by taking into consideration patients’ preferences before adding their own expertise to the discussion.

scholarly journals Clinical and Molecular Comparative Study of Colorectal Cancer Based on Age-of-onset and Tumor Location: Two Main Criteria for Subclassifying Colorectal Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edurne Álvaro ◽  
Juana M. Cano ◽  
Juan L. García ◽  
Lorena Brandáriz ◽  
Susana Olmedillas-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Cpg Island ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Tumor Location ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Braf Mutations ◽  
Rectal Cancers

Our aim was to characterize and validate that the location and age of onset of the tumor are both important criteria to classify colorectal cancer (CRC). We analyzed clinical and molecular characteristics of early-onset CRC (EOCRC) and late-onset CRC (LOCRC), and we compared each tumor location between both ages-of-onset. In right-sided colon tumors, early-onset cases showed extensive Lynch syndrome (LS) features, with a relatively low frequency of chromosomal instability (CIN), but a high CpG island methylation phenotype. Nevertheless, late-onset cases showed predominantly sporadic features and microsatellite instability cases due to BRAF mutations. In left colon cancers, the most reliable clinical features were the tendency to develop polyps as well as multiple primary CRC associated with the late-onset subset. Apart from the higher degree of CIN in left-sided early-onset cancers, differential copy number alterations were also observed. Differences among rectal cancers showed that early-onset rectal cancers were diagnosed at later stages, had less association with polyps, and more than half of them were associated with a familial LS component. Stratifying CRC according to both location and age-of-onset criteria is meaningful, not only because it correlates the resulting categories with certain molecular bases, but with the confirmation across larger studies, new therapeutical algorithms could be defined according to this subclassification.

Global Transcriptome Differences Between Early-Onset and Late-Onset Colorectal Cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. S604-S605
Author(s):  
Xi Emily. Zheng ◽  
Manish A. Shah ◽  
Xiaoping Zou ◽  
Levi Waldron
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Global Transcriptome
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