scholarly journals Palmitoleic and Dihomo-γ-Linolenic Acids Are Positively Associated With Abdominal Obesity and Increased Metabolic Risk in Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Man-Chin Hua ◽  
Hui-Min Su ◽  
Ming-Wei Lai ◽  
Tsung-Chieh Yao ◽  
Ming-Han Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Palmitoleic Acid ◽  
Coenzyme A ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Plasma Fatty Acid ◽  
Delta 5 Desaturase ◽  
Delta 6 Desaturase

Background: The impact of abdominal obesity (AO) on plasma fatty acid changes and cardiometabolic risk in children who are obese and overweight has rarely been investigated. This study determined whether plasma fatty acid composition differed between children with AO and those without AO and its relationship with metabolic risk, particularly in the obese and overweight groups.Methods: A total of 181 schoolchildren (aged 7–18 years) were included. Anthropometric and biochemical data and plasma fatty acid profiles were analyzed, and the indices of desaturase activity were estimated. Children were categorized based on their body weight and AO status. A continuous metabolic risk score was calculated using the sum of the z-scores of metabolic variables. A one-way analysis of variance test was used to compare the composition ratio of fatty acids between children with and without AO in the obese and overweight groups and normal-weight controls. Pearson analysis was also used to explore significant fatty acid and desaturase indicators associated with metabolic abnormalities.Results: Children who were obese and overweight (N = 126) displayed higher dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (20:3n-6) and γ-linolenic acid (18:3n-6) proportions than normal-weight controls (N = 55), but lower heptadecanoic acid (17:0) proportion, regardless of the AO status of each individual. Obese and overweight children with AO (N = 89), but not their non-AO counterparts (N = 37), exhibited a significantly higher proportion of palmitoleic acid (16:1n-7) than the remaining study groups. Pearson analysis showed that high proportions of palmitoleic acid and dihomo-γ-linolenic acid, as well as increased stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase-1(16) and delta-6 desaturase and decreased delta-5 desaturase activities, are strongly correlated with weight-height ratio, homeostasis model of assessment values for insulin resistance, hypertriglyceridemia, and continuous metabolic risk scores.Conclusion: Higher palmitoleic acid and dihomo-γ-linolenic acid proportions, as well as increased stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase-1(16) and delta-6 desaturase and decreased delta-5 desaturase activities are associated with AO and increased metabolic risk in children who are obese and overweight.

scholarly journals Changes in plasma fatty acid composition after intake of a standardised breakfast in prepubertal obese children

2007 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 909-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gil-Campos ◽  
E. Larqué ◽  
M. C. Ramírez-Tortosa ◽  
J. Linde ◽  
I. Villada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Plasma Fatty Acid ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Prepubertal Children ◽  
Plasma Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Lipid Fractions

Obese patients typically show a pattern of dyslipidaemia and changes in plasma fatty acid composition reflecting abnormalities in lipoprotein metabolism and dietary habits. Animals and obese adults have been widely studied; however, contradictory results have been published in children. The objective was to assess changes in plasma fatty acid composition in total plasma lipids and plasma lipid fractions in obese prepubertal children compared with those of normal weight and to evaluate changes in postprandial plasma fatty acids during a 3 h period after intake of a standardised breakfast. The study was a case–control study with thirty-four obese and twenty normal-weight prepubertal children (Tanner 1). Anthropometric and metabolic variables and fatty acid concentrations were measured in plasma and its fractions. Liquid chromatography was used to separate lipid fractions and GLC to quantify fatty acids. Plasma total fatty acids (TFA), SFA, MUFA and PUFA concentrations were higher in obese than in control children. Except for 18 : 0, 18 : 3n-3, 20 : 4n-6 and n-3 PUFA, all fatty acids in TAG were also elevated in the obese group. Fatty acids 16 : 1n-7, 18 : 0, 18 : 1n-9, 20 : 2n-6, TFA and MUFA significantly decreased between the 2nd and 3rd hour in normal-weight v. obese children. The concentration of 16 : 1n-7 was positively and the proportion of 20 : 4n-6 inversely associated with a significant increase in risk of obesity. Obese prepubertal children show an altered plasma fatty acid profile and concentrations, mainly related to the TAG fatty acid profile, with a lower clearance of fatty acids v. normal-weight prepubertal children.

scholarly journals KOMPOSISI ASAM LEMAK CACING LAUT SIASIA (Sipunculus, SP) DARI PERAIRAN PANTAI PULAU NUSALAUT

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114
Author(s):  
Bernita Br Silaban
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Lauric Acid ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Myristic Acid ◽  
Palmitoleic Acid ◽  
Fat Content

Background: "Siasia" is a seaworm species in the phylum that includes Sipuncula Sipunculidea class. This animal has been consumed for generations by coastal communities Nusalaut Island, central mollucas but not yet universally known. Until now there has been obtained gisi complete composition. This study aimed to identify the composition of fatty acids contained in vain fresh seaworms. Method: Seaworms vain taken from coastal waters of Negeri Titawaai and Nalahia Nusalaut Island, Central Moluccas in March 2014. The parameters analyzed include methods is sokhlet fat content and fatty acid by GC method. Result: The results showed fresh siasia fat content 1.12% of coastal waters Titawaai while 1.91% of coastal waters Nalahia. Fatty acids seaworms were identified from coastal waters Titawai  is  kaparat acid (C10: 0), lauric acid (C12: 0), myristic acid (C14: 0), palmitoleic acid (C16: 1), stearic acid (C18 : 0), linolenic acid (C18: 3) acid and eicosapentaenoic (C20: 5) while the fatty acids of  seaworm vain of coastal waters Nalahia include is lauric acid (C12: 0), myristic acid (C14: 0), palmitoleic acid ( C16: 1), stearic acid (C18: 0) and eicosapentaenoic acid (C20: 3). Conclusion: Siasia fatty acid from Titawai waters of the identified seven seas of each capsic acid (C10: 0), lauric acid (C12: 0), myristic acid (C14: 0), palmitoleic acid (C16: 1) , Stearic acid (C18: 0), linolenic acid (C18: 3) and eicosapentaenoic acid (C20: 5) whereas Siasia fatty acids from Nalahia's coastal waters were identified as five lauric acid (C12: 0), myristic acid (C14: 0), palmitoleic acid (C16: 1), stearic acid (C18: 0) and eicosapentaenoic acid (C20: 3).

scholarly journals Oxidation of nonplasma fatty acids during exercise is increased in women with abdominal obesity

2000 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 2276-2282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey F. Horowitz ◽  
Samuel Klein
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Peak Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Plasma Fatty Acid ◽  
Obese Women

We evaluated plasma fatty acid availability and plasma and whole body fatty acid oxidation during exercise in five lean and five abdominally obese women (body mass index = 21 ± 1 vs. 38 ± 1 kg/m2), who were matched on aerobic fitness, to test the hypothesis that obesity alters the relative contribution of plasma and nonplasma fatty acids to total energy production during exercise. Subjects exercised on a recumbent cycle ergometer for 90 min at 54% of their peak oxygen consumption. Stable isotope tracer methods ([13C]palmitate) were used to measure fatty acid rate of appearance in plasma and the rate of plasma fatty acid oxidation, and indirect calorimetry was used to measure whole body substrate oxidation. During exercise, palmitate rate of appearance increased progressively and was similar in obese and lean groups between 60 and 90 min of exercise [3.9 ± 0.4 vs. 4.0 ± 0.3 μmol · kg fat free mass (FFM)−1 · min−1]. The rate of plasma fatty acid oxidation was also similar in obese and lean subjects (12.8 ± 1.7 vs. 14.5 ± 1.8 μmol · kg FFM−1 · min−1; P = not significant). However, whole body fatty acid oxidation during exercise was 25% greater in obese than in lean subjects (21.9 ± 1.2 vs. 17.5 ± 1.6 μmol · kg FFM−1 · min−1; P < 0.05). These results demonstrate that, although plasma fatty acid availability and oxidation are similar during exercise in lean and obese women, women with abdominal obesity use more fat as a fuel by oxidizing more nonplasma fatty acids.

Association of plasma fatty acid composition with plasma irisin levels in normal weight and overweight/obese children

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Viitasalo ◽  
J. Ågren ◽  
T. Venäläinen ◽  
J. Pihlajamäki ◽  
J. Jääskeläinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Plasma Fatty Acid ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Plasma Fatty Acid Composition

scholarly journals Dietary oils and FADS1-FADS2 genetic variants modulate [13C]α-linolenic acid metabolism and plasma fatty acid composition

2012 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah G Gillingham ◽  
Scott V Harding ◽  
Todd C Rideout ◽  
Natalia Yurkova ◽  
Stephen C Cunnane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Plasma Fatty Acid ◽  
Dietary Oils ◽  
Plasma Fatty Acid Composition

Study of the fatty acid composition of Artemia salina cysts from Tunisia

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (7) ◽  
pp. 1795-1803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hachem Ben Naceur ◽  
Nabila Ghazali ◽  
Amel Ben Rejeb Jenhani ◽  
Mohamed Salah Romdhane
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Palmitoleic Acid ◽  
Vaccenic Acid ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Total Contribution

In the present study, decapsulated cysts from eleven Tunisian Artemia salina populations were analysed for their fatty acid profile. Results showed that palmitic (16:0), palmitoleic (16:1n-7), stearic (18:0), cis-vaccenic (18:1n-7), oleic (18:1n-9), linoleic (18:2n-6), linolenic (18:3n-3) and eicosapentaenoic (20:5n-3) were the major fatty acids. The ratio of C16:0/C16:1 fatty acids fluctuated between 0.8 and 3.8. Docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) was absent or found in trace (<0.2%) and arachidonic acids (20:4n-6) was found in higher quantity in all marine-type cysts than in freshwater-type cysts samples. Furthermore, based on the fatty acid profile of the studied Artemia salina populations, we can concluded that Sijoumi, Sahline, Bekalta, Mcheguig and El Adhibet strains could be ascribed to marine-type Artemia, whereas the population from Moknine, Sidi El Hani, Sfax, El Melah, Zarzis and Mhabeul could be categorized as freshwater-type. Principal components analysis showed that palmitoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, arachidonic acid and C16:0/C16:1 ratio are the most important fatty acids variable between cysts samples, with a total contribution of 68.73% relatively to the first component, whereas, for the second component, palmitic acid, cis-vaccenic acid and oleic acid, are the most important variables, with a total contribution of 56.25%. Moreover, palmitoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, arachidonic acid and C16:0/C16:1 ratio are the most important fatty acids which contribute to the discrimination between freshwater and marine-type Artemia; while palmitic acid, cis-vaccenic acid and oleic acids represent the major fatty acids permitting differentiation between strains from the same Artemia type, especially for freshwater-type Artemia.

Effects of alcohol intake on plasma fatty acids assessed independently of diet and smoking habits

1991 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 785-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Burke ◽  
K. D. Croft ◽  
I. B. Puddey ◽  
K. L. Cox ◽  
L. J. Beilin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Palmitoleic Acid ◽  
Smoking Habits ◽  
Plasma Fatty Acid ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
Potential Marker

1. This study was designed to determine prospectively whether changing alcohol consumption influenced the proportion of plasma linoleic acid independently of diet or smoking habits, and to evaluate changes in the plasma linoleic acid concentration as a potential marker of changes in alcohol consumption. 2. Fasting plasma fatty acid profiles were investigated in 72 male drinkers who were randomly assigned to drink low-alcohol beer or to maintain their usual drinking habits for a period of 4 weeks. 3. At entry to the study, a higher alcohol intake was associated with lower proportions of plasma linoleic acid, arachidonic acid and dihomolinolenic acid and higher proportions of plasma palmitoleic acid, independently of changes in body mass index. Smoking habits were unchanged and there were no major changes in diet during the period of the intervention. 4. Because the plasma palmitoleic acid concentration has been suggested as a possible marker of ‘at risk’ drinking, we investigated plasma fatty acid concentrations as indicators of alcohol intake. The plasma palmitoleic acid concentration was not a useful discriminator. Indices determined using logistic regression and combining plasma apolipoprotein A-II and linoleic acid concentrations gave better discrimination than either variable alone.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document