scholarly journals Clinical Evidence of Vestibular Dysregulation in Colicky Babies Before and After Chiropractic Treatment vs. Non-colicky Babies

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Hoeve
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Infantile Colic ◽  
Chiropractic Treatment ◽  
Behavioral Expression ◽  
Vibrational Stimulation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Background: To date, after 65 years of research that was primarily directed at differentiating between normal and colicky crying, the cause of infantile colic remains elusive and no definitive cure has been found. Given the general absence of pathology, colicky crying is widely considered the extreme end of a spectrum of normal crying behavior. However, evidence gleaned from scattered sources throughout the literature suggests that infantile colic may be the behavioral expression of physiological brainstem dysregulation, particularly of the vestibular and autonomic systems. The purpose of this study is to present a five-point clinical index of vestibular (hyper) activity and its application to investigate vestibular dysregulation in colicky and non-colicky babies.Methods: One hundred and twenty consecutive colicky babies were evaluated using this index, before and after a very gentle vibratory treatment, and compared to 117 non-colicky babies.Results: Before treatment, of 120 colicky babies only 2 (1.7%) scored 0, whereas 118 (98.3%) scored 1–5. Of 117 non-colicky babies 89 (76.1%) scored 0 and 28 (23.9%) scored 1–3, none scored 4–5. The odds ratio is OR (CI 95%) 187.54 (43.52–808.09). After treatment 111 (92.5%) scored 0 and 9 (7.5%) scored 1–3, none scored 4–5. A McNemar test showed the difference before and after to be significant (χ2 = 109.00, p < 0.001). For colicky babies the mean vestibular score is 2.88 (SD 1.22), compared to 0.37 (SD 0.73) for non-colicky babies, a difference of 87.2%. After treatment the score decreased from 2.88 (SD 1.12) to 0.10 (SD 0.40), or 96.5%.Conclusion: Colicky babies are not just infants who cry a lot. They also show clinical evidence of vestibular dysregulation. Treatment aimed at relaxing tight sub-occipital musculature by means of gentle vibrational stimulation may be effective in decreasing vestibular hyperactivity, signifying an improvement in brainstem regulation. The vestibular index opens the prospect for development into a tool toward an objective and practical clinical diagnosis of infantile colic.

scholarly journals Clinical Evidence of Vestibular Dysregulation in Colicky Babies Before and After Chiropractic Treatment Versus Non-Colicky Babies.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Hoeve
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Infantile Colic ◽  
Chiropractic Treatment ◽  
Clinical Index ◽  
Behavioral Expression ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Abstract BackgroundAfter 65 years of research that has been primarily directed at differentiating between normal and colicky crying, the cause of infantile colic remains elusive and no definitive cure has been found. Given the general absence of pathology, colicky crying is widely considered the extreme end of a spectrum of normal crying behavior. In the literature scattered evidence can be found suggesting that infantile colic may be the behavioral expression of physiological brainstem dysregulation, particularly of the vestibular and autonomic nuclei. The purpose of this study is to present a five-point clinical index of vestibular (hyper)activity and its application to investigate vestibular dysregulation in colicky and non-colicky babies.Methods120 consecutive colicky babies were evaluated using this index, before and after a very gentle vibratory treatment, and compared to 117 non-colicky babies.ResultsBefore treatment, of 120 colicky babies only 2 (1.7%) scored 0, whereas 118 (98.3%) scored scored 1-5. Of 117 non-colicky babies 89 (76,1%) scored 0 and 28 (23.9%) scored 1-3, none scored 4-5. The odds ratio is OR (CI 95%) 187.54 (43.52-808.09). After treatment 111 (92.5%) scored 0 and 9 (7.5%) scored 1-3, none scored 4-5. A McNemar test showed the difference before and after to be significant (χ² = 109.00, p < .001). For colicky babies the mean vestibular score is 2.88(SD 1.22), compared to 0.37(SD 0.73) for non-colicky babies, a difference of 87.2%. After treatment the score decreased from 2.88 (SD 1.12) to 0.10 (SD 0.40), or 96.5%. ConclusionColicky babies are not just infants who cry a lot. They also show clinical evidence of vestibular dysregulation. Gentle treatment aimed at relaxing tight sub-occipital musculature by means of a vibrational technique may be effective in decreasing vestibular hyperactivity, signifying an improvement in brainstem regulation. The vestibular index opens the prospect for development into a tool towards an objective and practical clinical diagnosis of infantile colic.

scholarly journals Clinical Evidence of Vestibular Dysregulation in Colicky Babies Before and After Chiropractic Treatment Compared to Non-Colicky Babies.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Hoeve
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Infantile Colic ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Chiropractic Treatment ◽  
Clinical Index ◽  
Mcnemar Test ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Aim: to present a five-point clinical index of vestibular (hyper)activity and its application as a tool to investigate vestibular dysregulation in colicky and non-colicky babies.Methods: 120 consecutive colicky babies, before and after treatment, were evaluated using this index and compared to 117 non-colicky babies.Results. Before treatment out of 120 colicky babies 118 (98.3%) scored 1-5 and only 2 (1.7%) scored 0. Out of 117 non-colicky babies 89 (76,1%) scored 0 and 28 (23.9%) scored 1-3, none scored 4-5. Odds ratios are OR (CI 95%) 187.54 (43.52-808.09). After treatment 111 (92.5%) scored 0 and 9 (7.5%) scored 1-3, none scored 4-5. A McNemar test showed the difference before and after to be significant (χ² = 109.00, p < .001). For colicky babies the mean vestibular score is 2.88(SD 1.22), compared to 0.37(SD 0.73) for non-colicky babies, a difference of 87.2%. After treatment the score decreased from 2.88 (SD 1.12) to 0.10 (SD 0.40), or 96.5%. Conclusion: colicky babies are not just infants who cry a lot. They also show clinical evidence of vestibular dysregulation. The vestibular index opens the prospect that it could be developed into a tool towards an objective clinical diagnosis of infantile colic.

scholarly journals Influence of Apical Patency and Cleaning of the Apical Foramen on Periapical Extrusion in Retreatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 482-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marili Doro Andrade Deonizio ◽  
Gilson Blitzkow Sydney ◽  
Antonio Batista ◽  
Roberto Pontarolo ◽  
Paulo Ricardo Bittencourt Guimarães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Removal ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Root Canal Retreatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Removal Technique

This study evaluated the influence of apical patency, root filling removal technique and cleaning of the apical foramen, concerning the amount of debris extruded during root canal retreatment. Forty mandibular incisors were randomly assigned to 4 groups - GIM (n=10), GIIM (n=10), GIPT (n=10) and GIIPT (n=10), which were named according to leaving (I) or not (II) apical patency during canal preparation and filling removal technique (manual - M or ProTaper system - PT). After filling material removal, each specimen of each group had the apical foramen cleaned by sizes 15, 20 and 25 instruments, generating 12 subgroups: GIM15, GIM20, GIM25, GIIM15, GIIM20, GIIM25, GIPT15, GIPT20, GIPT25, GIIPT15, GIIPT20 and GIIPT25. Extruded filling debris was collected by a Milipore filtration system, an HV-durapore, 0.45 µm pore filter with a 25 mm diameter. The filters were weighed before and after the collection on an analytical scale (10–5 g), and the difference was calculated. The mean weight of extruded filling debris was analyzed statistically by Kruskal-Wallis and Friedman ANOVA tests (α=0.05). The mean values found in the groups (in mg) were: GIM (0.95±0.94), GIIM (0.47±0.62), GIPT (0.30±0.31) and GIIPT (0.32±0.44). There was no statistically significant difference among any of the groups or subgroups (p>0.05). ProTaper provided the smallest amount of extruded filling material, regardless of presence or absence of apical patency, followed by manual technique, without and with apical patency. Additional amounts of debris were collected during cleaning of the apical foramen, regardless of the instrument, presence/absence of patency or root filling removal technique.

scholarly journals Audio-visual media to improve sexual-reproduction health knowledge among adolescent

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Sitti Nur Djannah ◽  
Sulistyawati Sulistyawati ◽  
Tri Wahyuni Sukesi ◽  
Surahma Asti Mulasari ◽  
Fatwa Tentama
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Reproduction ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Visual Media ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Source Of Information

<span>Lacking knowledge among adolescents affects their understanding of some problems related to sexual-reproduction health. Electronic media recognized as the favored source of information for adolescents. This research aimed to assess the effect of audio-visual media to the increasing of sexual-reproduction knowledge. We conducted a before and after without control informal experimental study design into 153 students in the 1st-3rd grade of junior high school. The effect of the intervention was assessed through the difference between pre- and post-intervention by using the Wilcoxon test. The mean score of the respondent pre and post-intervention was significantly increasing. The audiovisual increased the knowledge of the adolescent regarding sexual-reproduction health</span>

scholarly journals Photogrammetric avalanche volume measurements at Vallée de la Sionne, Switzerland

2001 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 141-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juauien Vallet ◽  
Urs Gruber ◽  
François Dufour
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Deposition Zone ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Large Scale Field ◽  
Volume Measurements ◽  
Snow Distribution ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

AbstractDuring winter 1999 three large avalanche events were triggered by explosives at SLF’s avalanche test site, Vallée de la Sionne, canton Valais, Switzerland. One important goal of these large-scale field experiments was to measure the release and deposition volumes of avalanches by photogrammetric methods. In this paper, the photogrammetric measurements of all three avalanches are summarized. For one avalanche event it was possible to realize the whole measuring procedure as planned, and to obtain volume measurements before and after the avalanche triggering In the other two avalanche events, the photographs before the triggering of the avalanche failed. Nevertheless the photographs taken after the avalanche provide valuable information on the fracture depth at the fracture line. The mean fracture depth of the largest avalanche was about 2.10 m, varying between 1 and 3.5 m over a width of > 1000 m. The total volume of the deposition of all three avalanche events was about 1300 000 m3. The deposits are distributed over a length of > 1000 m with depths up to 30 m. The difference between the released and deposited volumes proved that avalanches entrain a large amount of snow along the avalanche track. Furthermore, the snow distribution in the deposition zone provides important information about the behaviour of a dense flowing avalanche in the runout zone.

Is alveolar carbon monoxide an unreliable index of carboxyhaemoglobin changes during smoking in man?

1988 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew R. Guyatt ◽  
Andrew J. T. Kirkham ◽  
Derek C. Mariner ◽  
Gordon Cumming
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Transient Change ◽  
Holding Period ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Co Gas

1. We measured alveolar carbon monoxide (CO) after a 20 s breath-holding period and carboxyhaemoglobin both before and after smoking a cigarette on 500 occasions (101 individuals). The two measurements were closely correlated but there was a marked difference in the change or ‘boost’ after smoking one cigarette. The mean relative boosts ([post value—pre value]/[pre + post]/2) for alveolar CO and carboxyhaemoglobin were 7.7% and 20.3%, while negative boosts (fall rather than the expected rise) were seen in 103 of 500 and three of 500 occasions respectively. In 140 studies a third alveolar CO reading taken 5 min later was slightly larger, but the difference was insignificant. 2. In seven subjects where the carboxyhaemoglobin level was raised by breathing a 2% CO gas mixture, the alveolar CO and carboxyhaemglobin boosts were similar (71.7% and 75.2% respectively), and they fell sharply subsequently rather than increasing further as occurred after smoking. 3. We conclude that alveolar CO measurements give a useful estimate of carboxyhaemoglobin level if the subject has not smoked for at least half an hour but that measurements of alveolar CO boost are useless since the act of smoking interferes with alveolar sampling. We postulate that cigarette smoking induces a transient change in pulmonary gas exchange.

scholarly journals The Difference Of Visual Acuity And Macular Thickness Post Bevacizumab Therapy In Secondary Macular Edema Retinal Vein Occlusion

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Citra Rahmadani ◽  
Nur Khoma Fatmawati ◽  
Rahmat Bakhtiar
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Retinal Vein Occlusion ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Macular Thickness ◽  
Vein Occlusion ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Retinal vein occlusion is the second most common cause of blindness in retinal vascular disease after diabetic retinopathy and may lead to complications of macular edema. Bevacizumab is an influential treatment as an anti vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). This study aims to determine the difference of visual acuity and macular thickness before and after treatment of Bevacizumab. This is a quasi experimental study in patients with secondary macular edema retinal vein occlusion who meets the inclusion criteria. Visual acuity and macular thickness were evaluated after one month of treatment. This study was conducted for two months since May-June 2017 by collecting secondary data from medical record at SMEC Samarinda from January 2016 – June 2017. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon. Sixteen eyes from 16 patients were diagnosed with macular edema secondary retinal vein occlusion given bevacizumab treatment. The mean visual acuity before therapy was 1.106 LogMAR ± 0.509 and increased to 0.889 logMAR ± 0.608 (p = 0.116) after treatment while the mean macular thickness before therapy was 504.06 μm ± 301.273 and decreased to 348.81 μm ± 181.17 (p = 0.017) after treatment. There was a significant effect on the decrease in macular thickness but no significant effect on visual acuity improvement in patients with macular edema secondary retinal vein occlusion at SMEC Samarinda.  Keywords: Retinal vein occlusion, macular edema, bevacizumab

scholarly journals Benefit of Watching a Live Visual Inspection of the Cervix With Acetic Acid and Lugol Iodine on Women’s Anxiety: Randomized Controlled Trial of an Educational Intervention Conducted in a Low-Resource Setting (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxane Camail ◽  
Bruno Kenfack ◽  
Phuong Lien Tran ◽  
Manuela Viviano ◽  
Pierre-Marie Tebeu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Pelvic Examination ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

BACKGROUND Women undergoing pelvic examination for cervical cancer screening can experience periprocedural anxiety. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the anxiety level experienced by women undergoing a visual inspection with acetic acid and Lugol iodine (VIA and VILI) examination, with or without watching the procedure on a digital screen. METHODS This prospective randomized study took place in the district of Dschang, Cameroon. A previous cervical cancer screening campaign tested women aged between 30 and 49 years for human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV-positive women were invited for the 12-month follow-up control visit, including a VIA/VILI examination. During that visit, we recruited women to participate in this study. Before the examination, participants were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to a control group (CG) and an intervention group (IG). Women in both groups underwent a pelvic examination and were verbally informed about the steps undertaken during the gynecological examination. The IG could also watch it live on a tablet screen. Women’s anxiety was assessed before and immediately after the examination, using the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). A paired t test was used to compare the mean STAI score for each question before and after VIA/VILI while a nonpaired, 2-sided t test was used to compare the mean differences of the STAI score between the 2 study groups. RESULTS A total of 122 women were randomized in the study; 4 of them were excluded as they did not undergo the pelvic examination, did not answer to the second STAI questionnaire because of personal reasons, or the cervix could not be properly visualized. Thus, the final sample size consisted of 118 patients of whom 58 women were assigned to the CG and 60 to the IG. The mean age was 39.1 (SD 5.2) years. Before the examination, the mean (SD) STAI score was 33.6 (SD 10.9) in the CG and 36.4 (SD 11.8) in the IG (P=.17). The STAI score after pelvic examination was significantly reduced for both groups (CG: 29.3 [SD 11.2]; IG: 28.5 [SD 12.0]). Overall, the difference of the STAI scores before and after the pelvic examination was lower in the CG (4.2 [SD 9.0]) than in the IG (7.9 [SD 14.3]), although the difference was not significant (P=.10). However, the women’s emotional state, such as I feel secure and I feel strained, was improved in the IG as compared with the CG (CG: P=.01; IG: P=.007). CONCLUSIONS Watching the VIA/VILI procedure in real time improved the women’s emotional state but did not reduce the periprocedural anxiety measured by the STAI score. Furthermore, larger studies should assess women’s satisfaction with watching their pelvic examination in real time to determine whether this tool could be included in VIA/VILI routine practice. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02945111; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02945111

scholarly journals Investigation of Olfactory Function Following Septorhinoplasty in Iranian Population by Rapid Smell Test (RST)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Amir Yarahmadi ◽  
Kamran Kamrava ◽  
Ali Shafee ◽  
Maryam Milanifard ◽  
Mohammad Aghajanpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
P Value ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Smell Test ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Smell Identification

Introduction: All surgical procedures on nose affect the olfactory function to some extent. There are different viewpoints about olfactory function after septorhinoplasty. We aim to investigate smell perception changes in patients following septorhinoplasty. In this study the use of Rapid Smell Test (RST) as a fast and reliable clinical tool was investigated. Methods: A prospective cohort study was done in Rasool Akram teaching hospital in 2018 and 2019. Group of 74 septorhinoplasty candidates aged over 18 was selected by convenience. Persian Smell Identification Test (PSIT) and rapid smell test (RST) was obtained from patients before surgery and one month after, if needed three months after and six months after. In addition for patients with dysfunction in any of follow up periods (one month, 3 months and 6 months after surgery) smell magnitude test (SMT) was used. All data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 24.0 (IBM SPSS Statistics Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results: Out of 74 patients participating in this study 67 were female. Mean age of 25.68±5.18 years was recorded for participants. All patients before surgery had PSIT score more than 19 and the mean PSIT score before operation was 22.63±1.39. Also all patients scored 5 out of 5 in RST before surgery. Mean PSIT score one month after surgery decreased to 22.21±2.20 but still 93 percent (69 patients) of participants were in range for normal olfactory function. We recorded this to be significant (p value = 0.044). RST after one month showed the same results. The difference between RST before and after surgery was also significant (p value = 0.024). For those 5 patients with abnormal olfactory function PSIT and RST were done 3 months after operation which determines normal olfactory function for all of them. As well as PSIT, RST also shows the same results and five participants recorded 5 out of 5 three months after surgery. Conclusion: This study showed changes in olfactory function after septorhinoplasty will resolve at most 3 months after surgery and it is safe to say there is no effect on olfactory function three months after operation. Also we demonstrated that RST can be a fast and reliable tool for assessing patients’ olfactory function in clinical setting.

Evaluation of the Stability of the Subjects with Anterior Cruciate Injuries Reconstruction

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Akbari Aghdam ◽  
Mahsa Kavyani ◽  
Maryam Bosak ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Karimi ◽  
Mehdi Motififard
Keyword(s):  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
P Value ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
The Stability

AbstractAnterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the most frequently injured ligament in the knee and is often injured during sport-related activities. ACL injuries influence the abilities of the subjects during standing and walking. Although early surgical intervention is preferred treatment for the majority of knee surgeons, the effect of this approach on postural stability of patients is not fully understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the difference between stability of ACL-reconstructed subjects before and after surgery. A group of 15 consecutive ACL injured patients participated in this study. Postural stability of the patients was evaluated 1 week before and 6 months after surgery (ACL reconstruction with hamstring autograft). A Kistler force plate was used to evaluate center of pressure (COP) sway during quiet standing. The mean values of the COP parameters were obtained in pre and postsurgery conditions. Paired sample t-test was used to evaluate the difference between the stability parameters of the two conditions. The significant point was set at 0.05. The mean value of path length of COP velocity in mediolateral (ML) direction was 1,485.57 ± 479.42 mm and 2,641.33 ± 996.26 mm before and after surgery, respectively (p-value = 0.01). Although the mean value of COP velocity in anteroposterior and ML directions increased after surgery, the difference was only significant for velocity in ML direction (p-value = 0.049). The results of this study showed that the standing stability of those with ACL reconstruction decreased significantly after ACL reconstruction, which may be due to the effects of the surgery on sensory mechanism of ACL and inability of patients to return to their previous deep sense perception and knee proprioception.

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