scholarly journals The Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Oxidative Stress in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Ye ◽  
Huiying Lin ◽  
Mingyue Wan ◽  
Pingting Qiu ◽  
Rui Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Positive Effect

Background: Oxidative stress (OS) plays an important role in the progression of many aging-related diseases. Exercises can delay this kind of progress, but aerobic exercise is the most commonly used type of training among older adults; therefore, its influence needs to be further verified.Methods: A literature search was conducted in eight electronic databases, including Cochrane, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), Wanfang Date, and SinoMed from their inception to April 2020. Methodological quality was assessed using Cochrane RoB tool v2.0 for individual studies, and RevMan 5.3 software was used to perform the meta-analysis.Results: The meta-analysis included 20 studies, involving 1,170 older adults. The results showed that regular aerobic exercise could reduce blood oxidant markers, including malondialdehyde (MDA; SMD=−1.80, 95% CI −2.46 to −1.14, p<0.001) and lipid peroxide (LPO; SMD=−1.12, 95% CI −2.03 to −0.22, p=0.02), and increase the levels of antioxidant factors, such as nitric oxide (NO; SMD=0.89, 95% CI 0.37–1.41, p<0.001), superoxide dismutase (SOD; SMD=0.63, 95% CI 0.25–1.01, p=0.001), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC; SMD=1.22, 95% CI 0.45–1.98, p=0.002), with clear statistical significance. It may also improve the levels of other OS markers, such as 8-OHdG, 8-isoPGF2, VE, and reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG).Conclusion: Regular aerobic exercise may have a positive effect on the OS levels of older adults by reducing some oxidant markers and increasing antioxidant marker levels.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Oral Mucosal Diseases in Older Adults in Mainland China: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1887
Author(s):  
Na Zhou ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Jia-Qing Yan ◽  
Ya-Qin Yu ◽  
Yan Cai
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Moderating Factors ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Public Health Challenge

Oral mucosal disease (OMD) is a public health challenge globally, but the epidemiological findings in older adults have been inconsistent in China. Thus, this meta-analysis was carried out to explore the prevalence of OMD and its moderating factors in this population. An electronic literature search was conducted of both international (PubMed, PsycINFO, and EMBASE) and Chinese (China National Knowledge Infrastructure and WanFang) databases from inception to November 1, 2019. The Der–Simonian and Laird random effects model was used to synthesize the prevalence of OMD and its 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Twenty-four studies covering 23,653 older adults were included. The pooled prevalence of OMD was 23% (95% confidence interval: 17.9%–29.0%) Subgroup analyses and meta-analysis revealed that the prevalence of OMD was significantly associated with the reporting sampling, year of publication, and survey (all p values <0.05). This meta-analysis found that the prevalence of OMD among older adults in mainland China was significantly high. Early detection and effective intervention of OMD in older adults have public health and clinical importance.

scholarly journals Effects of dexmedetomidine on neurocognitive disturbance after elective non-cardiac surgery in senile patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 030006052110142
Author(s):  
Xiaobo Bi ◽  
Jingxia Wei ◽  
Xia Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Postoperative Delirium ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Neurocognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Positive Effect

Objective Senile patients often experience neurocognitive disturbance after non-cardiac surgery. Several clinical trials have investigated if the perioperative intravenous use of dexmedetomidine has a positive effect on the prevention of neurocognitive dysfunction, but the results have been inconsistent. We performed a meta-analysis to investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine on neurocognitive disturbance after elective non-cardiac surgery in senile patients. Methods The PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were comprehensively searched for all randomized controlled trials published before 1 February 2020 that investigated the efficacy of dexmedetomidine in the prevention of postoperative delirium (POD) or postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Results Sixteen studies involving 4376 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with the control (i.e., saline), the perioperative intravenous use of dexmedetomidine significantly reduced the incidence of POD and POCD. However, patients in the dexmedetomidine group were more likely to develop bradycardia and hypotension during the administration of dexmedetomidine than patients in the control group. There were no differences between the two groups in the incidence of nausea and vomiting or mortality rate. Conclusion Dexmedetomidine has a positive effect on the prevention of neurocognitive disturbance in senile patients after elective non-cardiac surgery.

scholarly journals Assessing the Intervention Factors of Oxidative Stress Among Elderly with Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Asheila Meramat ◽  
Ratthisswari Naidu Rathakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Oxidative Stress Level ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Positive Effect

Oxidative stress is a known pathogenesis in the development of chronic diseases including metabolic syndrome (MetS). Hence, interventions should be taken to prevent or treat MetS. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to estimate the interventions of oxidative stress in MetS among elderly. Hindawi, Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct were the databases used for this systematic review and meta-analysis. Furthermore, heterogeneity was observed using the I-squared (I2) statistic to determine the source of heterogeneity if the I2-value was >40%. After all the screening processes, 20 studies met the eligibility criteria and were analysed. Meta-analysis found that physical activity on MetS shows reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) level (MD = -0.24, 95% CI (-0.43, -0.04), P = 0.02) and increased glutathione peroxidase (GPx) level (MD = 22.92, 95% CI (10.77, 35.08), P<0.001). On the other hand, supplement intervention on MetS increased the GPx level (MD = 805.51, 95% CI (123.23, 1487.80), P = 0.02). Dietary changes on MetS may decrease the MDA level (MD = -0.78, 95% CI (-1.02, -0.54), P<0.001) however, it also increases the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) level (MD = 0.16, 95% CI (0.88 to 0.24), P<0.001). Thus, this meta-analysis showed a positive effect of physical activity, supplementation and dietary intervention as a tool to decrease oxidative stress level in elderly with MetS.

scholarly journals Incidence and Impact of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation in COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianghui Zhou ◽  
Zhipeng Cheng ◽  
Lili Luo ◽  
Ying Zhu ◽  
Wenyi Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Coagulation Dysfunction ◽  
Death Group

Abstract Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel infectious disease, with significant morbidity and mortality. This meta-analysis is to evaluate the prevalence of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in COVID-19 patients and to determine the association of DIC with the severity and prognosis of COVID-19.Methods: We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database until August 12, 2020. The meta-analysis was performed using Stata 16.0 software.Results: 15 studies were included in our meta-analysis. The pooled analysis revealed that the incidence of COVID-19 patients developing DIC was 4% (95%: 2%-5%, P<0.001). In addition, DIC was more likely to occur in the death group (Log OR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.58-3.21, P<0.001) with statistical significance.Conclusions: DIC is associated with the severity and poor prognosis of COVID-19 patients. Therefore, attention should be paid to coagulation dysfunction in COVID-19 patients. Monitoring of coagulation indicators may improve the prognosis of COVID-19 inpatients.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of the laid-back position on lactation-related nipple problems and comfort: a meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Wang ◽  
Qiuyue Liu ◽  
Lihua Min ◽  
Xiaorong Mao
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract Background The importance of breastfeeding for maternal and child health is agreed upon worldwide. However, lactation-related nipple problems are common and are important factors affecting breastfeeding. Multiple studies recommended laid-back breastfeeding, but they are of various levels of quality, and the results are inconclusive. Methods We systematically searched the following twelve databases from inception to January 28,2020: Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Medline, Ovid, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Scopus, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Biology Medicine disc (CBM), WanFang, and VIP. All studies regarding laid-back breastfeeding or biological nurturing were considered, regardless of whether they were randomized controlled trials. Two trained investigators independently evaluated the quality of the selected articles and screened the data. All the data were analysed separately using Review Manager Version 5.3 and STATA/SE Version 15.1. Results A total of 12 studies involving 1936 groups of postpartum women and their newborns were included. The results of the meta-analysis showed that nipple pain (RR = 0.24; 95% CI 0.14, 0.40; p < 0.00001), nipple trauma (RR = 0.47; 95% CI 0.29, 0.75; p = 0.002) and correct latching position (RR = 1.22; 95% CI 1.11, 1.33; p < 0.0001) in the experimental groups were all better than those of the control groups, and the differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05), which indicates that the laid-back position has a positive effect on maternal breastfeeding. However, the results of position comfort showed that there was no statistical significance between the two groups (ES = 0.09; 95% CI -0.63, 0.81; p = 0.798). Conclusion Compared with traditional breastfeeding positions, the laid-back position has been proven to be related to a decreased incidence of nipple pain and nipple trauma and is seemingly conducive to the use of the correct latching position. It is suggested that the laid-back position is helpful in solving lactation-related nipple problems and can be recommended as a position for breastfeeding. However, no significant difference in position comfort was found between the two groups based on the current evidence, and further studies are still needed to validate these results due to the limitations of the included studies.

scholarly journals Episodic Memory in Older Adults Without Dementia: A Meta-Analysis of Aerobic Exercise Interventions

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 458-459
Author(s):  
Sarah Aghjayan ◽  
Themistokles Bournias ◽  
Chelsea Stillman ◽  
Shannon Donofry ◽  
Anna Marsland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Normal Cognition

Abstract The effect of aerobic exercise interventions on episodic memory performance among older adults without dementia remains a matter of intense debate. Prior meta-analyses examining this association have reported minimal improvements in episodic memory performance following exercise training but have also been plagued by several limitations, including restrictive inclusion criteria, combined sample populations, and infrequent examination of the effect of exercise parameters (e.g., volume). To address these gaps, we conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to determine if aerobic exercise interventions influence episodic memory performance in older adults without dementia and to examine potential moderators of these effects (e.g., sample and intervention characteristics). Included studies met the following criteria: (1)Studies of adults (M≥55 years) with normal cognition, subjective cognitive decline, or mild cognitive impairment; (2)Aerobic exercise RCTs; and (3)Assessment of episodic memory. Intervention effects were represented by Hedges’ g and combined into pooled effect sizes using random- and mixed-effects models. Thirty-three studies met inclusion criteria, representing data from 2,488 participants. The primary analysis yielded a significant positive effect of aerobic exercise on episodic memory (Hedges’ g[CI]=0.28[0.10-0.47]; p=0.003). Mixed-effects analyses demonstrated a positive effect on episodic memory among studies with a high percentage of females (&gt;66%), participants with normal cognition, studies reporting intensity, studies with a no-contact or nonaerobic physical activity control group, and studies prescribing 2,100–3,900 total minutes of activity (range 540–8,190 minutes). These results suggest that aerobic exercise may act as an accessible, non-pharmaceutical intervention to improve episodic memory in late adulthood before changes in cognition are detected.

Efficacy of Alprostadil in Preventing Contrast-Induced Nephropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Angiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 000331972110044
Author(s):  
Hongling Xu ◽  
Hongye Wang ◽  
Chuang Zhang ◽  
Jun Xiao ◽  
Ning Hua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Contrast Induced Nephropathy ◽  
Serum Cystatin ◽  
Assessment Development ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin ◽  
Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Evidence Evaluation ◽  
Biological Medicine ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase

This study aimed to determine the efficacy of alprostadil in preventing contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). Eligible studies were searched using the keywords through the databases of PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, China Biological Medicine Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Vanfun. Quality evaluation of the included studies was conducted according to international evidence evaluation and recommended Grades of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation standards. We included 29 studies with 5623 patients. Compared with hydration, 10 µg/d alprostadil or 20 µg/d alprostadil plus hydration significantly decreased the incidence of CIN. Compared with hydration, alprostadil plus hydration significantly reduced serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen at 24, 48, and 72 hours and 7 days after coronary angiography (CAG). Alprostadil (20 µg/d) plus hydration significantly decreased serum cystatin versus hydration at 24, 48, and 72 hours after CAG. Compared with hydration, alprostadil plus hydration significantly increased glomerular filtration rate at 24 and 72 hours after CAG. Alprostadil plus hydration significantly decreased neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin levels compared to hydration at 24, 48, and 72 hours after CAG. Alprostadil plus hydration significantly decreased urine macroglobulin versus hydration at 24 and 48 hours after CAG.

scholarly journals Effect of somatometric parameters on the prevalence and severity of varicocele: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Runqing Li ◽  
Junjie Liu ◽  
Yushan Li ◽  
Quanxian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Regression Test ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Q Statistic ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Published studies have shown contradictory results regarding the relationship between somatometric parameters and varicoceles. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the possible effects of age, height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) on the presence and severity of varicoceles. Methods Databases including EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Web of Science, and Google Scholar were systematically searched to identify relevant articles published up to March 2020. Two researchers independently identified eligible articles and extracted data. Cochran’s Q statistic and I2 statistics were used to assess heterogeneity. Meta-analysis was performed using StataSE 12.0 software (StataCorp LP, USA). Random-effects models were used to obtain the weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Publication bias was assessed using Begg’s funnel plot and Egger’s regression test. Results The search strategy produced 272 articles, of which 18 articles were eligible according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria. A total of 56,325 patients with varicocele and 1,334,694 patients without varicocele were included in the meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of somatometric parameters on the presence and severity of varicocele. The overall results demonstrated that the presence of varicoceles was significantly associated with height (WMD = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.07 to 1.74, P < 0.001) and inversely correlated with BMI (WMD = − 1.35, 95% CI = -1.67 to − 1.03, P < 0.001) but not with age (WMD = -0.93, 95% CI = -2.19 to 0.33, P = 0.149) or weight (WMD = 0.24, 95% CI = -2.24 to 2.72, P = 0.850). The severity of varicocele was inversely correlated with increased BMI but not with age. Conclusion The presence of varicoceles was significantly associated with height and inversely correlated with BMI.

scholarly journals Associations between vitamin E, oxidative stress markers, total homocysteine levels, and physical activity or cognitive capacity in older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad H. Alghadir ◽  
Sami A. Gabr ◽  
Shahnawaz Anwer ◽  
Heng Li
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Cognitive Capacity ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Total Homocysteine

AbstractThis study examined the associations between vitamin E, oxidative stress markers, total homocysteine levels, and physical activity or cognitive capacity in older adults. One hundred and six older adults (62 men, 44 women) within the age range of 56–81 years participated. The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire and the Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment were used to assess physical activity and cognitive function, respectively. Vitamin E (e.g., α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol), oxidative stress markers (e.g., total antioxidant capacity and nitric oxide), and total homocysteine were estimated. There were significant associations between physical activity (high versus moderate versus poor) and all biomarkers (all p = 0.000, and p = 0.010 for γ-tocopherol). While total homocysteine and total antioxidant capacity were significantly associated with cognitive capacity (p = 0.000), vitamin E levels (e.g., α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol) and nitric oxide (p = 0.354, 0.103 and 0.060, respectively) were not related to cognitive capacity in older adults. This study concludes that physical activity was associated with Vitamin E, oxidative stress markers, total homocysteine, and cognitive capacity in older adults. Although cognitive capacity was associated with total homocysteine and total antioxidant capacity, it was unrelated to vitamin E levels and nitric oxide in older adults.

scholarly journals Individual or combined transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma: a time-to-event meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuang Jiang ◽  
Gong Cheng ◽  
Mingheng Liao ◽  
Jiwei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Radiofrequency Ablation ◽  
Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Similar Rate ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Arterial Chemoembolization

Abstract Background There is still some debate as to whether transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) plus radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is better than TACE or RFA alone. This meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of TACE plus RFA for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with RFA or TACE alone. Methods We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) for all relevant randomized controlled trials and retrospective studies reporting overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and complications of TACE plus RFA for HCC, compared with RFA or TACE alone. Results Twenty-one studies involving 3413 patients were included. TACE combined with RFA was associated with better OS (hazard ratio [HR]=0.62, 95% confidence intervals [CI] = 0.55–0.71, P < 0.001) and RFS (HR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.39–0.69, P < 0.001) than TACE alone; compared with RFA alone, TACE plus RFA resulted in longer OS (HR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.53–0.75, P < 0.001) and RFS (HR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.51–0.71, P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses by tumor size also showed that combined treatment resulted in better OS and RFS compared with RFA alone in patients with HCC larger than 3 cm. Combined treatment resulted in similar rate of major complications compared with TACE or RFA alone (OR = 1.78, 95% CI = 0.99–3.20, P = 0.05; OR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.42–2.38, P = 1.00, respectively). Conclusions TACE combined with RFA was more effective for HCC than TACE alone. For patients with a tumor larger than 3 cm, the combined treatment also achieved a better effect than RFA alone.

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